The Arion Dialysis Water System is for use in multi-patient hemodialysis. The system consists of pretreatment, reverse osmosis, post-treatment and distribution equipment. The sizing of the system is consisting with the demand of water needed for patients. The water produced will meet the minimum requirements of ANSI/AAMI American National Standard for Water Treatment Equipment for Hemodialysis Applications (RD52:2004 and RD62:2006/A1:2009) and the CMS End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Program Interpretive Guidance (based on 42 CFR 494) when used as directed. RO and Pretreatment design is based off of feed water quality to meet the stated specifications. This system is intended to be used in hospitals, dialysis centers, and dialysis clinics.
Device Story
Arion Dialysis Water System purifies water for multi-patient hemodialysis; consists of pretreatment, reverse osmosis (RO), post-treatment, and distribution equipment. System design customized based on feed water quality to meet ANSI/AAMI RD52:2004 and RD62:2006/A1:2009 standards. Operated in hospitals and dialysis clinics; provides water meeting CMS ESRD Program requirements. Mechanical/electrical operations enclosed in NEMA-compliant housing; no exposed moving parts. System lacks pH probes or chemical injection during standard operation; chemicals used only during sanitization, monitored via test strips or metering devices. Output water quality verified at installation and monitored quarterly for chemical contaminants. Benefits patient by ensuring water used in hemodialysis meets safety and purity standards.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only. System performance verified by meeting ANSI/AAMI RD52:2004 and RD62:2006/A1:2009 water quality standards at installation and through quarterly chemical contaminant testing.
Technological Characteristics
System components: multimedia filters, carbon filters, softeners, reverse osmosis units, and distribution loops. Materials: Polypropylene distribution loop or stainless steel (AAMI compliant). Energy: Electrical (NEMA-enclosed). Connectivity: Standalone. Sanitization: Monthly chemical sanitization. Standards: ANSI/AAMI RD52:2004, RD62:2006/A1:2009, 42 CFR 494.
Indications for Use
Indicated for multi-patient hemodialysis in hospitals, dialysis centers, and clinics. Intended for patients requiring hemodialysis treatment.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A water purification system for hemodialysis is a device that is intended for use with a hemodialysis system and that is intended to remove organic and inorganic substances and microbial contaminants from water used to dilute dialysate concentrate to form dialysate. This generic type of device may include a water softener, sediment filter, carbon filter, and water distillation system.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device, when it is a water purification subsystem disinfectant, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 876.9.
Predicate Devices
Biopure Portable RO Systems / Biopure 4400 Series RO Systems / Biopure 8400 Series RO Systems (K030348)
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K112331
PAGE 1 OF 6
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JUL 5 2012
# "Section 4: 510(k) Summary"
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is submitted in accordance with the requirements of the Safe Medical Device Act (SMDA) of 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92
### Section 4.1: Contact Information:
| Address: | Arion Water, Inc. |
|------------|---------------------------------|
| | 1 Commerce Way Bldg #1 - Unit C |
| | Carver, MA 02330 |
| Applicant: | Robert Livingston - President |
| Telephone: | 508-465-2280 |
| Fax: | 508-465-2283 |
| Contact: | Robert Livingston |
|----------------|-------------------------|
| | Chief Technical Officer |
| Telephone: | 508-465-2280 x114 |
| E-mail: | bob@arionwater.com |
| Date Prepared: | 08/11/2011 |
Bob Livingston will respond to any requests for additional information.
### Section 4.2: Intend to Market Device Information
Arion Dialysis Water System Device Name: High Purity Water System. Common Name: Trade Name (Model #): (P10BYD, P15BYD, P20BYD, RO50A, RO100A, RO300A, RO300ALP, RO500A, RO1000A, RO1000ALP, RO1500A, RO2000A, HPW125PP, HPW150PP, HPW200PP, HPW1255S, HPW150SS, HPW200SS) See Section 10: Device Description for details.
Classification Name: Classification Panel: Product Code:
Water System for Hemodialysis 21 CFR 876.5665 78FIP
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# 112331
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### Section 4.3: Predicate Device Information
### Identification of Predicate Devices:
### Section 4.3.1: Predicate Device #1:
Company: 510(k) Number: Common Name:
Trade Name (Model #):
Biolab Equipment Canada Limited K030348 Reverse Osmosis systems with pretreatment and product water distribution components Biopure Portable RO Systems Biopure 4400 Series RO Systems Biopure 8400 Series RO Systems
Biopure Water Purification Pretreatment Componets:
.
Softeners:
- . Biopure Performa Softener
Biopure Magnum Series Water Softener
Backwash Filters:
- . Biopure Performa Filter
- Biopure Magnum Series Carbon Filter .
- Biopure Magnum Series Carbon Filter .
- Biopure Magnum Series Multimedia Filter .
Service Deionization:
- Biopure Service DI ●
- Biopure Premium Grade Service . .
- Biopure Cation Bed DI .
- Biopure Anion Bed DI .
- Biopure Auto DI
Organic Bed Service Carbon:
- . Biopure Carbon
Biopure Product Water Distribution Components:
- Biopure CIP System .
- Biopure Hot Water Sanitization System .
{2}------------------------------------------------
# SOF6
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### Classification Name:
| <b>Product Code:</b> | |
|------------------------------|--|
| <b>Classification Panel:</b> | |
Water Purification System for Hemodialysis Regulatory Classification - Class II 21 CFR 876.5665 78 FIP 21 CFR 876.5665
### Section 4.3.2: Predicate Device #2:
Company: 510(k) Number: Common Name: Performance Water Systems, LCC K033648 Complete Water Treatment System with pre-treatment and product water distribution. Performance Water Treatment System
Trade Name (Model #):
### Classification Name:
Water Purification System for Hemodialysis Regulatory Classification - Class II 21 CFR 876.5665 Class II Critical Medical Device 78 FIP Classification Panel: 21 CFR 876.5665
### Section 4.4: Intend to Market Device Description:
Product Code:
The Arion Dialysis Water System is comprised of water purification equipment used to purify water for hemodialysis.
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### Section 4.5: Indications for Use:
The Arion Dialysis Water System is for use in multi-patient hemodialysis. The system consists of pretreatment, reverse osmosis, post-treatment and distribution equipment. The sizing of the system is consisting with the demand of water needed for patients. The water produced will meet the minimum requirements of ANSI/AAMI American National Standard for Water Treatment Equipment for Hemodialysis Applications (RD52:2004 and RD62:2006/A1:2009) and the CMS End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Program Interpretive Guidance (based on 42 CFR 494) when used as directed. RO and Pretreatment design is based off of feed water quality to meet the stated specifications. This system is intended to be used in hospitals, dialysis centers, and dialysis clinics.
### Section 4.6: Comparison to Predicate Device:
The Arion Dialysis Water System is substantially equivalent to many marketed devices that are used in Hemodialysis. Table 4.6.1 compares systems for the companies of Arion Water, Inc., Performance Water Systems, LCC, and Biolab Equipment Canada Limited.
The system listed use RO as a primary purification method. The system design must be similar to the Arion Dialysis Water System due to the requlations of ANSI/AAMI RD62:2006. The standard states certain requirements for the design of water treatment system for Hemodialysis.
The Arion Dialysis Water System provides safe mechanical and electrical operations. The electrical components are enclosed with in a NEMA enclosure in compliance with building and electrical codes. The Arion Water Dialysis system has no exposed moving parts.
Chemicals being used in water treatment are often monitored with pH probes and other sensors. The Arion Dialysis Water System has no pH probe because it does not use chemicals. The only time the system would need chemicals in during sanitization. When sanitization is in progress test strips and/or metering devices are used to ensure correct amounts of chemicals are used. All chemicals used in the sanitization of the dialysis system are certified by the EPA or conform to AAMI standards.
> 1 Commerce Way Bldg #1, Unit C, Carver, MA 02330 508.465.2280 www.arionwater.com
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·
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| Table 4.6.1: Comparison of Hemodialysis Equipment | | |
|----------------------------------------------------|--|--|
| | | |
| Description | Arion Water, Inc. | Performance<br>Water Systems,<br>LCC | Biolab Equipment<br>Canada Limited |
|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| Pretreatment | Multimedia, Dual<br>Carbon, Softener | Dual Carbon | Multimedia, Dual<br>Caron, Softner |
| RO | Primary Purification | Primary Purification | Available |
| Distribution | Standard | Available | Standard |
| Intended Use | Hemodialysis | Hemodialysis | Hemodialysis |
| Indications of Use | Complete System:<br>Pretreatment, RO,<br>Distribution | Complete System:<br>Pretreatment, RO,<br>Distribution | Complete System:<br>Pretreatment, RO,<br>Distribution |
| Target Population | People who use<br>Dialyzers | People who use<br>Dialyzers | People who use<br>Dialyzers |
| Materials | Polypropylene<br>Distribution Loop/<br>SS Option AAMI<br>Compliant<br>Materials | AAMI Compliant<br>Materials | AAMI Compliant<br>Materials |
| Location of Use | Hospitals | Hospitals | Hospitals |
| Performance<br>Standards | AAMI RD62 | AAMI RD62 | AAMI RD62 |
| Sterilized | Monthly | Monthly | Monthly |
### Section 4.7: Non-clinical Performance Data:
A water treatment system must be tested for water quality at the time of install. If the system can't produce water quality specified in ANSI/AAMI RD52:2004, then it can't be used for hemodialysis. Each system will be tested and not be operational until it is shown that the water quality meets AAMI standards. The system will be tested for chemical containments on a quarterly basis.
### 1 Commerce Way Bldg #1, Unit C, Carver, MA 02330 508.465.2280 www.arionwater.com
{5}------------------------------------------------
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### Section 4.8: Clinical Performance Data:
This system is not required to have Clinical Test performed.
### Section 4.9: Conclusion of Performance Data:
The Arion Dialysis Water System is capable of meeting ANSI/AAMI standards by producing water that has chemical containments below the maximum acceptable levels. The system is designed to conform to ANSI/AAMI equipment and design requlations. If the water does not meet quality, the system will be sanifized and retested. Equipment should be shown to operating properly. If the system can still not meet quality, the system will be decommissioned.
### Section 4.10: Statement of Water Quality:
---------------------------------------------
Arion Water certifies that the water produced by each customized purification system will meet or exceed current industry standards and government regulations.
ROBERT LIVINGSTON
Print Name
Sign Name
20 JUN 12
Date
--- End of Statement ---
1 Commerce Way Bldg #1, Unit C, Carver, MA 02330 508.465.2280 www.arionwater.com
{6}------------------------------------------------
## DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image is a black and white circular logo for the Department of Health & Human Services - USA. The logo features a stylized eagle with its wings spread, facing to the right. The words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" are arranged around the top half of the circle, following its curve. The text is in a sans-serif font and is oriented to be read clockwise.
### Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room -WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Mr. Robert Livingston Chief Technical Officer (CTO) Arion Water, Inc. 1 Commerce Way Bldg. 1 Unit C CARVER MA 02330
5 2012 JUL
Re: K112331 Trade/Device Name: Arion Dialysis Water System Regulation Number: 21 CFR§ 876.5665 Regulation Name: Water purification system for hemodialysis Regulatory Class: II Product Code: FIP Dated: June 21, 2012 Received: July 2, 2012
Dear Mr. Livingston:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical
{7}------------------------------------------------
Page 2 -
device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHOffices/ucm115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Benjamin R. Fisher, Ph.D.
Benjamin R. Fisher, Ph.D. Director Division of Reproductive, Gastro-Renal, and Urological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{8}------------------------------------------------
## Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known): K112331
Device Name:
Arion Dialysis Water System
Indications For Use:
The Arion Dialysis Water System is for use in multi-patient hemodialysis. The system consists of pretreatment, reverse osmosis, post-treatment and distribution equipment. The sizing of the system is consisting with the demand of water needed for patients. The water produced will meet the minimum requirements of ANSI/AAMI American National Standard for Water Treatment Equipment for Hemodialysis Applications (RD52:2004 and RD62:2006/A1:2009) and the CMS End_ Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Program Interpretive Guidance (based on 42 CFR 494) when used as directed. RO and Pretreatment design is based off of feed water quality to meet the stated specifications. This system is intended to be used in hospitals, dialysis centers, and dialysis clinics.
Prescription Use × (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER:PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Hecht Lemur
ivision Sign=Off of Reproductive, Gastro-Renal, 510(k) Numbe
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.