Calculation and Historical Tracking of: - Actual Resistance - Actual Reactance - Actual Impedance - Actual Phase Angle (PA) - Estimated Body Fat Mass (FM) - Estimated Fat Free Mass (FFM) - Estimated Total Body Water (TBW) - Estimated Intra-Cellular Water (ICW) - Estimated Extra-Cellular Water (ECW) - Estimated Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - Estimated Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE) - Actual Body Mass Index (BMI). The device is not intended for use for diagnosis. The actual resistance, reactance, impedance and phase angle have no clinical utility and are for calculation of body composition only. The data are stored in PC in the Backup system of the E.S-BC software. As regard to the estimated TWB , ICW and ECW , the device is intended for use on healthy subjects' over 12 years old and under 80 years old and non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans in the US population . As regard to the estimated FM and FFM, the device is intended for use on healthy subjects over 19 years old and under 63 years old and Caucasian and Hispanic Americans in the US population. The device is for over-the-counter use
Device Story
E.S-BC is a single-frequency electrical bioimpedance analyzer; measures current, voltage, and phase angle via tetra-polar leads with self-adhesive skin electrodes. Device connects to a PC via USB; software processes raw impedance data (resistance, reactance, phase angle) using peer-reviewed algorithms to estimate body composition metrics (FM, FFM, TBW, ICW, ECW, BMR, DEE, BMI). Intended for over-the-counter use by healthy individuals. Output displayed on PC as tables, reports, and follow-up graphs; data stored in software backup. Device provides historical tracking of body composition; not intended for diagnostic purposes. Operational context requires PC workstation; software manages measurement timing, calibration, and data analysis.
Clinical Evidence
Clinical investigation conducted at Miami University. Bench testing included software verification (SRS/STD/STR) and calibration. No specific sensitivity/specificity metrics provided; equivalence established via performance testing and adherence to safety standards.
Technological Characteristics
Single-frequency (50 kHz) electrical bioimpedance analyzer. Tetra-polar lead system with disposable electrodes. USB-powered (5V). Galvanic decoupling (3 kV). Dimensions: 128x143x33 mm. Connectivity: USB to PC. Software: C++ based, Windows OS. Safety: Class II, BF protection, IEC 60601-1-1/1-2 compliant.
Indications for Use
Indicated for healthy subjects for body composition tracking. TBW, ICW, ECW: ages 12-80, non-Hispanic white/black and Mexican American populations. FM, FFM: ages 19-63, Caucasian and Hispanic American populations. Contraindicated for patients with defibrillators, pacemakers, or implanted electronic devices.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An impedance plethysmograph is a device used to estimate peripheral blood flow by measuring electrical impedance changes in a region of the body such as the arms and legs.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The device, when it is a body composition analyzer which is not intended to diagnose or treat any medical condition, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 870.9.
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#### 1 OF 6 PAGE
#### L.D Technology LLC.
MAR 2 9 2011
510(k) Premarket Notification Number: K103026
Preparation date: September, 15 2010
#### 510(k) Summary E.S-BC Electro Sensor / Body Composition
Name of the device: Electro Sensor- Body Composition Common name: E.S-BC Impedance Plethysmograph Regulation number: 21 CFR 870.2770 Product Code: MNW Classification: Class II Classification Advisory: Cardiovascular
# This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR §807.92
1. Submitter's Identification: Manufacturer: L.D TECHNOLOGY LLC Owner of LD Technology: MAAREK Albert Address: L.D Technology 100 N.Biscavne Blvd. Suite 500 Miami, FL, 33132, USA Tel: 305-379-9900 Fax: 305-468-3956 E mail: albert.ldteck@gmail.com
Contact Information: Consultant and reviewer Richard Clement MD 11459 NW 34 Street Miami FL 33178 Tel: 305-594-2145 Fax: 305-594 2174 Email: richardclementmd@yahoo.com Date of Preparation: September, 15, 2010
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2. Device Name / Classification E.S-BC Electro Sensor-Body Composition System components: 21 CFR 870.2770 Product Code: MNW Classification: Class II Classification Advisory: Cardiovascular
### 3. Predicate legally marketed devices
BC body composition software, K070999 Applicant: RJL systems. Inc Product code MNW DF50 Body Composition Analysis K052395 Applicant: ImpediMed Limited. Product code: MNW
## 4. Device Description
#### Description of the features
The E.S- BC is a single frequency electrical bioimpedance analyzer. The device accurately measures current, voltage and phase angle, and calculates impedance, resistance and reactance. These measurements and calculations are used to estimate the body composition: fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), total body water (TWB) and fluid distribution: intracellular water, and extracellular water.
It has a tetra-polar set of leads, which are attached to self- adhesive skin electrodes. The E.S- BC has two operating modes: Direct and Algorithm.
Direct Mode measures and displays values for impedance (Z), phase (Ph), resistance (R) and reactance (Xc).
Algorithm Mode displays estimates of fat-free mass (FFM) ,fat mass (FM), total body Water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW), plus their percentages. The device computes these values using accepted peer reviewed published algorithms tailored to the patient type: general population, obese patients, or children.
#### 5. Indications or Intended use
Calculation and Historical Tracking of:
- . Actual Resistance
- Actual Reactance .
- Actual Impedance �
- Actual Phase Angle (PA) .
- Estimated Body Fat Mass (FM) ●
- Estimated Fat Free Mass (FFM) �
- Estimated Total Body Water (TBW) .
- Estimated Intra-Cellular Water (ICW) ●
- Estimated Extra-Cellular Water (ECW) ●
- Estimated Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) .
- Estimated Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE) .
- Actual Body Mass Index (BMI) .
The device is not intended for use for diagnosis.
The actual resistance, reactance, impedance and phase angle have no clinical utility and are for calculation of body composition only.
The data are stored in PC in the Backup system of the E.S-BC software.
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As regard to the estimated TWB , ICW and ECW , the device is intended for use on healthy subjects' over 12 years old and under 80 years old and non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans in the US population .
As regard to the estimated FM and FFM, the device is intended for use on healthy subjects over 19 years old and under 63 years old and Caucasian and Hispanic Americans in the US population. The device is for over-the-counter use
#### 6. Performances, specifications and materials Technical specifications Box technical specifications
| Power supply | 5V (power supply by USB port) |
|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Electrical Classification | Class II |
| Degree of protection against electric shocks | BF |
| Operating mode | Continuous use |
| Current in operating mode | $200\mu A \pm 10 \mu A$ |
| Range Frequency in operating mode | $50 KHz \pm 100 Hz$ |
| Resistance range | 0 to 1000 ohms |
| Impedance resolution | 0.1 ohms |
| Phase resolution | 0.1 degree |
| Galvanic decoupling of the analogical part, | 3 KV |
| Box Dimensions in mm | 128 X 143 X 33 |
| Box Weight kg | 1,2 |
#### Accessories
| Component | Technical specifications |
|-------------------------|--------------------------|
| 4 disposable electrodes | Ref 3M |
| Connection | Redel 3P |
| Calibration box | Ref. CPA 5509 |
| Reusable Cable | Ref. OEM459-C |
| USB cable | Ref: USB 2.0 |
{3}------------------------------------------------
### Features' chart flow
Image /page/3/Figure/2 description: The image shows a diagram of a system with different components and their connections. The components include "HARDWARE", "SOFTWARE", "Algorithms' Mode", "Direct Mode", "BACKUP", "OTS", "Table", "Report", "Follow up graph", and "Status report". The diagram also includes arrows with numbers indicating the flow of information or processes between the components.
#### Comments of the chart flow
- 1. Protocol communication1: The hardware is USB port of the laptop powered and the hardware functions are controlled by the software :
- . Start /pause
- . Time of measurement
- Testing and calibration .
- 2. Protocol communication 2: Hardware data transmission to the software
- 3. Hardware measurement (direct mode)
- 4. Software analysis : algorithms application to the hardware measurement (algorithms 'mode)
- 5. Results in table, report, follow up graphs and status report.
- 6. Backup of the direct mode and algorithms 'mode results
- 7. Off-the-Shelf software interface to edit and print the status report (Microsoft Office Word).
#### Other specifications
- Programming language: C++ .
- Hardware platform : PC based workstation (Intel architecture) .
- Operating system : Windows .
- Use of Off-the-Shelf software : Microsoft office Word 2003 or 2007 .
{4}------------------------------------------------
# 7. Contra-indications
- . Patients undergoing external defibrillation Risk: The injected voltage and current could provoke injury to the patient.
- This device should not be used in association with or presence of defibrillators, cardiac . pacemakers, patients connected to electronic life support devices, or any implanted electronic device.
Risk: The injected voltage and current could provoke injury to the patient.
Image /page/4/Picture/5 description: The image shows a black warning sign. The sign is a triangle with a black border. Inside the triangle is a black exclamation point.
# 8. Undesirable side effects:
Side effects or adverse reactions are none known to date.
Image /page/4/Picture/8 description: The image shows the text "9. Substantial equivalence". The number 9 is followed by a period. The text is in a bold, sans-serif font. The text is left-aligned.
# Predicate legally marketed devices
BC body composition software, K070999 Applicant: RJL systems. Inc Product code MNW DF50 Body Composition Analysis K052395 Applicant: ImpediMed Limited. Product code: MNW
# Similarities:
# Substantial equivalence
- Same intended use
# Differences:
- The device is USB interface powered
- The hardware data's are directly transmitted to the software via the USB port of the laptop.
- Some peer reviews 'algorithms chosen are different
- I.e. Tables of comparison of the E.S-BC modules and SE discussion: i.e. Executive summary
# 11. Performances and Effectiveness
# Performance testing:
- 1. Testing and Calibration
- 2. Software verification (SRS/STD/STR)
- 3. Clinical investigation (Miami University)
# The facts that:
- > The device is USB interface powered
- The hardware data's are directly transmitted to the software via the USB port of the laptop.
- Some peer reviews 'algorithms chosen are different
Do not affect the performances and the effectiveness of the E.S/BC system as shown by the testing and calibration and the clinical investigation conclusion.
# 12. General Safety Concerns
The facts that:
- √ The device is USB powered
- The hardware data's are directly transmitted to the software via the USB port of the PC.
{5}------------------------------------------------
# of 6
Do not change the general safety to the legally marketed predicate devices as shown by the laboratory tests reports (IEC 60601-1-2 and IEC 60601-1-1), the risk management and the testing procedure.
## 13. Standards
IEC60601-1-1 Issued: 2000/12/14 Ed:2 Part 1-1: General requirements for safety -Collateral standard: Safety requirements for medical electrical systems IEC 60601-1-2 Issued: 2001/09/30 Ed: 2 Medical Electrical Equipment Part 1-2: General Requirements for Safety Collateral Standard: Electromagnetic Compatibility - Req. and Tests - Including Section 6 manual review
#### Conclusions
E.S-BC is equivalent in performances, technology, safety and efficacy to the legally marketed predicate devices
Signature:
Albert MAAREK
Premarket notification |510K] Number: K103026
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized depiction of an eagle or bird-like figure with three wing-like shapes, positioned above a wavy line. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES • USA" is arranged in a circular fashion around the bird symbol.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Mail Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
L.D. Technology, LLC c/o Richard Clement, M.D. 11459 NW 34 Street MIAMI FL 33178
MAR 2 9 2011
Re: K103026
Trade/Device Name: E.S-BC (Electro Sensor-Body Composition) Regulation Number: 21 CFR §870.2770 Regulation Name: Impedance Plethysmograph Regulatory Class: II Product Code: MNW Dated: March 22, 2011 Received: March 25, 2011
Dear Dr. Clement:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability .. warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related
{7}------------------------------------------------
adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHOffices/ucm115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office: of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Hubert H. Humphrey
Herbert P. Lerner, M.D., Director (Acting) Division of Reproductive, Gastro-Renal and Urological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{8}------------------------------------------------
# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known): K103026
Device Name: E.S-BC (Electro Sensor-Body Composition)
Indications for Use:
Calculation and Historical Tracking of:
- . Actual Resistance
- Actual Reactance .
- Actual Impedance .
- Actual Phase Angle (PA) .
- Estimated Body Fat Mass (FM) .
- Estimated Fat Free Mass (FFM) .
- . Estimated Total Body Water (TBW)
- Estimated Intra-Cellular Water (ICW) �
- Estimated Extra-Cellular Water (ECW) .
- Estimated Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) .
- . Estimated Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE)
- Actual Body Mass Index (BMI) .
The device is not intended for use for diagnosis.
The actual resistance, reactance, impedance and phase angle have no clinical utility and are for calculation of body composition only.
The data are stored in PC in the Backup system of the E.S-BC software.
As regard to the estimated TWB , ICW and ECW , the device is intended for use on healthy subjects' over 12 years old and under 80 years old and non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans in the US population .
As regard to the estimated FM and FFM, the device is intended for use on healthy subjects over 19 years old and under 63 years old and Caucasian and Hispanic Americans in the US population. The device is for over-the-counter use
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use X (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE OF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Reproductive. Gastro-Renal, and
Page
Page 1 of 1
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Reproductive, Gastro-Renal, and
Urological Devices
510(k) Number K1030216
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.