K982398 · Biomet, Inc. · JDC · Aug 11, 1998 · Orthopedic
Device Facts
Record ID
K982398
Device Name
BIOMET 100% POROUS COATED BIAXIAL TOTAL ELBOW
Applicant
Biomet, Inc.
Product Code
JDC · Orthopedic
Decision Date
Aug 11, 1998
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 888.3150
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic
Indications for Use
The Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Hinge Total Elbow is indicated for use in rheumatoid arthritis, non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis, correction of severe functional deformity, revision procedures where other treatments or devices have failed, and treatment of acute or chronic fractures with humeral epicondyle involvement which are unmanageable using other treatment methods. This linked constrained elbow prosthesis is indicated for joints with both intact and limited soft tissue structure about the elbow. This device is a single use implant. It is intended for use with bone cement.
Device Story
Constrained hinge elbow prosthesis replacing humeral-ulnar articulation. Consists of titanium alloy humeral and ulnar stems, modular cobalt-chromium connecting segment, and ArCom (UHMWPE) bearings. Features 'loose hinge' design with parallel second axis of articulation, allowing variable anterior-posterior offset between stems. Mechanical constraint permits 16 degrees varus/valgus, 6 degrees hyperextension, and 188 degrees flexion. Stems are plasma spray coated for fixation. Implanted by orthopedic surgeons in clinical settings using bone cement. Provides joint stability and mobility for patients with severe elbow pathology.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data provided. Substantial equivalence is based on design, material, and functional comparison to predicate devices.
Technological Characteristics
Materials: Titanium alloy (stems, axle clips), cobalt-chromium alloy (connecting segment, reinforcing rod), ArCom (UHMWPE) (axle and saddle bearings). Surface: Plasma spray coating. Design: Constrained hinge with parallel second axis of articulation. Dimensions: Variable stem offset. Energy: Mechanical. Sterilization: Not specified.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, severe functional deformity, failed prior treatments, or acute/chronic fractures with humeral epicondyle involvement. Suitable for joints with intact or limited soft tissue. Single-use implant for use with bone cement.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An elbow joint metal/polymer constrained cemented prosthesis is a device intended to be implanted to replace an elbow joint. It is made of alloys, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, or of these alloys and of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene bushing. The device prevents dislocation in more than one anatomic plane and consists of two components that are linked together. This generic type of device is limited to those prostheses intended for use with bone cement (§ 888.3027).
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II. The special controls for this device are:(1) FDA's:
(i) “Use of International Standard ISO 10993 ‘Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices—Part I: Evaluation and Testing,’ ”
(ii) “510(k) Sterility Review Guidance of 2/12/90 (K90-1),”
(iii) “Guidance Document for Testing Orthopedic Implants with Modified Metallic Surfaces Apposing Bone or Bone Cement,”
(iv) “Guidance Document for the Preparation of Premarket Notification (510(k)) Application for Orthopedic Devices,”
(v) “Guidance Document for Testing Non-articulating, ‘Mechanically Locked’ Modular Implant Components,”
(2) International Organization for Standardization's (ISO):
(i) ISO 5832-3:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 3: Wrought Titanium 6-Aluminum 4-Vandium Alloy,”
(ii) ISO 5832-4:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 4: Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Casting Alloy,”
(iii) ISO 5832-12:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 12: Wrought Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy,”
(iv) ISO 5833:1992 “Implants for Surgery—Acrylic Resin Cements,”
(v) ISO 5834-2:1998 “Implants for Surgery—Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene—Part 2: Moulded Forms,”
(vi) ISO 6018:1987 “Orthopaedic Implants—General Requirements for Marking, Packaging, and Labeling,”
(vii) ISO 9001:1994 “Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing,” and
(viii) ISO 14630:1997 “Non-active Surgical Implants—General Requirements,”
(3) American Society for Testing and Materials':
(i) F 75-92 “Specification for Cast Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant Material,”
(ii) F 648-98 “Specification for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Powder and Fabricated Form for Surgical Implants,”
(iii) F 799-96 “Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy Forgings for Surgical Implants,”
(iv) F 981-93 “Practice for Assessment of Compatibility of Biomaterials (Nonporous) for Surgical Implant with Respect to Effect of Material on Muscle and Bone,”
(v) F 1044-95 “Test Method for Shear Testing of Porous Metal Coatings,”
(vi) F 1108-97 “Specification for Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical Implants,”
(vii) F 1147-95 “Test Method for Tension Testing of Porous Metal Coatings, ” and
(viii) F 1537-94 “Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implants.”
{0}------------------------------------------------
AUG | | | |998
## SUMMARY OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS
Sponsor:
Biomet, Inc. Airport Industrial Park P.O. Box 587 Warsaw, Indiana 46580
Device:
Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Total Elbow
Classification Name:
Elbow joint metal/polymer constrained cemented prosthesis(888.3150)
Intended Use: The Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Hinge Total Elbow is indicated for use in rheumatoid arthritis, non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis, correction of severe functional deformity, revision procedures where other treatments or devices have failed, and treatment of acute or chronic fractures with humeral epicondyle involvement which are unmanageable using other treatment methods. This linked constrained elbow prosthesis is indicated for joints with both intact and limited soft tissue structure about the elbow.
This device is a single use implant. It is intended for use with bone cement.
Device Description: The Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Hinge Total Elbow Prosthesis is a constrained hinge elbow prosthesis used to replace the humeral-ulnar articulation of the human elbow. The implant consists of two components, an ulnar and a humeral component which are joined by a modular connecting piece.
The Biaxial is a "loose hinge" type that has a parallel acting second axis of articulation between the ulnar and humeral stems. An inherent characteristic of the biaxial articulation is that it can vary the anterior-posterior offset between the intramedullary stems. The Biaxial Elbow allows the stem offset to vary because of varying amounts of flexion between the displaced axes of the prosthesis. The mechanical constraint of the articulation allows a total of 16 degrees of varus valgus movement, 6 degrees of hyperextension, and 188 degrees of flexion.
The humeral component is a titanium alloy stem. The humeral stem incorporates a flange on the anterior side for additional fixation. The entire stem and a portion of the flanges are plasma spray coated. The humeral component utilizes a polyethylene humeral bearing (saddle bearing) to prevent metal on metal contact with the connecting segment.
The ulnar component is a titanium alloy stem. The surface of the ulnar component is plasma spray coated. The ulnar component utilizes a polyethylene ulnar bearing (saddle bearing) to prevent metal on metal contact with the connecting segment.
The modular connecting segment is a cobalt chromium alloy metallic piece with a polished finish. The connecting segment is joined to the humeral and ulnar stems by
000049
{1}------------------------------------------------
000050
means of a sleeve bearing metal reinforcing rod or axle and saddle bearing. The metal reinforcing rod or axle is manufactured from cobalt chromium. The axles are sleeved by axle bearings, which are manufactured from ArCom® (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)). The axle retaining clips are manufactured from titanium alloy. The saddle bearings of the humeral and ulnar component are manufactured from ArCom®.
Potential Risks: The potential risks associated with this device are the same as with any joint replacement device. These include, but are not limited to:
- Reaction to bone cement Fracture of the components Cardiovascular disorders Implant loosening/migration Soft tissue imbalance Deformity of the joint Delayed wound healing Fracture of the cement Dislocation
Bone fracture Hematoma · Blood vessel damage Nerve damage Excessive wear Infection Metal sensitivity Breakdown of porous surface
Substantial Equivalence: In function and overall design Biomet's 100% porous coated Biaxial Total Elbow is equivalent to almost all elbow joint metal/polymer constrained cemented prostheses on the market. Predicate devices include:
Coonrad III Total Elbow (Zimmer, 510(k) #K883665) Osteonics Elbow Prosthesis (Osteonics Corp., 510(k) #K861680) Biaxial Total Elbow (Biomet, Inc., 510(k) #K980428)
{2}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/2/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is an abstract symbol that resembles three human profiles facing to the right, stacked on top of each other.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
AUG | | | 1998
Mr. Fred McClure Requlatory Specialist Biomet, Inc. P.O. Box 587 Warsaw, Indiana 46581-0587
K982398 Re: Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Total Elbow Regulatory Class: III Product Code: JDC Dated: July 8, 1998 Received: July 10, 1998
Dear Mr. McClure:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions The general controls provisions of the Act of the Act. include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with ___ the current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, Devices: through periodic (QS) inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in requlatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
{3}------------------------------------------------
## Page 2 - Mr. Fred McClure
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510 (k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4659. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to
premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.qov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
An Stephen Pluvels
Celia M. Witten, Ph.D., M.
Ph.D., M.D. Director Division of General and Restorative Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{4}------------------------------------------------
510 (k) Number (if known) : _ K 9 82 3 98
Device Name: Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Total Elbow
The Biomet 100% porous coated Biaxial Hinge Total Elbow is indicated for use Indications For Use: in rheumatòid arthritis, non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis, correction of severe functional deformity, revision procedures where other treatments or devices have failed, and treatment of acute or chronic fractures with humeral epicondyle involvement which are unmanageable using other treatment methods. This linked constrained elbow prosthesis is indicated for joints with both intact and limited soft tissue structure about the elbow.
This device is a single use implant. It is intended for use with bone cement.
Prescription Use _ (Per 21 CFR 801.109) Over-the-Counter Use.
Stephen Elwell
(Division Sign-Off) Diyision of General-Restorative Devices ... ... 510(k) Number_k982398
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Predicate graph will load when search results are available.
Embedding visualization will load when search results are available.
PDF viewer will load when search results are available.
Loading panels...
Select an item from Submissions
Click any panel, subpart, regulation, product code, or device to see details here.
Section Matches
Results will appear here.
Product Code Matches
Results will appear here.
Special Control Matches
Results will appear here.
Loading collections...
Loading
My Alerts
You will receive email notifications based on the filters and frequency you set for each alert.
Sort by:
Create Alert
Search Filters
Agent Token
Create a read-only bearer token for Claude, ChatGPT, or other agents that can call HTTP APIs.
Copy this now. It will not be shown again.
Connected apps
Apps you authorized through browser sign-in. Disconnecting revokes their access immediately.
Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.