P.D. Access Device: Is intended for use when blood flow must be detected for percutaneous vessel cannulation. The vessel must be of a caliber which would normally be punctured with a needle and introducer of this size or larger. These additional probe/needle models are being incorporated to broaden the product line in order to accommodate both user preference and patient anatomies for all age groups. P.D. Access Monitor: Is intended for use to audibly indicate the doppler response of blood flow within an artery or vein. It is intended for use only in conjunction with the P.D. Access Vascular Access Device.
Device Story
Device consists of P.D. Access Vascular Access Device (ultrasound transducer/needle) and P.D. Access Dual Frequency Monitor. System inputs ultrasonic signals from blood flow within arteries or veins; transforms signals into audible Doppler response via monitor. Used in clinical settings by healthcare providers for percutaneous vessel cannulation. Output is audible feedback; assists clinician in locating vessels for needle placement; facilitates successful vascular access; reduces potential for complications during cannulation.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Testing included dimensional, strength, ultrasonic performance, and biocompatibility assessments. All items tested met specification tolerances with no failures reported.
Technological Characteristics
Diagnostic ultrasound transducer system. Operates at 14.3 MHz and 30 MHz frequencies. Continuous wave Doppler mode. Components include probe, needle, and introducer. Audible output/display. Connectivity is dedicated to the P.D. Access Dual Frequency Monitor. Materials and construction are similar to predicate SmartNeedle devices.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients of all age groups requiring percutaneous vessel cannulation where blood flow detection is necessary for arterial or venous access.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A diagnostic ultrasonic transducer is a device made of a piezoelectric material that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals and acoustic signals into electrical signals and intended for use in diagnostic ultrasonic medical devices. Accessories of this generic type of device may include transmission media for acoustically coupling the transducer to the body surface, such as acoustic gel, paste, or a flexible fluid container.
{0}------------------------------------------------
CardioVascular Dynamics, Inc. P.D. Access™ Vascular Access Device P.D. Access™ Dual Frequency Monitor
JAN 2 3 1998
510(k) Notification September 30, 1997
K9737/3
510(K) SUMMARY OF SAFETY & EFFECTIVENESS
Submitted By:
CardioVascular Dynamics, Inc. 13700 Alton Parkway Irvine, CA 92618 Contact Person: Pamela Misajon (714) 595-7333
P.D. Access™ Percutaneous Doppler
P.D. Access Dual Frequency Monitor
Diagnostic Ultrasound Transducer
September 30, 1997
Vascular Access Device
Summary Preparation:
· Device:
Classification Name:
Predicate Devices:
Introducer Catheter:
Doppler Needle:
CVD 18 gauge SmartNeedle® #K903625. SE Date: November 7, 1990
CVD 18 gauge SmartNeedle #K913746. SE Date: December 17, 1991
CVD 20 gauge SmartNeedle #K913941. SE Date: February 27, 1992
CVD 20 gauge SmartNeedle #K940804. SE Date: June 10, 1994
CVD 22 gauge P.D. Access/SmartNeedle #K963989. SE Date: April 24, 1997
CVD 22 gauge P.D. Access/SmartNeedle® #K963989. SE Date: April 24, 1997
TFX Medical Introducer Catheter #K851141
010
{1}------------------------------------------------
The P.D. Access™ device is intended to be used in conjunction with the P.D. Access Dual Frequency Monitor for general vascular use.
The P.D. Access device is intended for general vascular use for audibly indicating the Doppler response to blood flow within an artery or vein. The indications and intended use for the P.D. Access device is the same as the predicate devices manufactured by CardioVascular Dynamics (i.e., P.D. Access/SmartNeedle). Product technology, performance characteristics, specifications, components and materials of the P.D. Access device are similar to those of predicate devices.
Testing of the P.D. Access device included dimensional, strength, ultrasonic performance and biocompatibility testing. These tests demonstrated that all of the items tested were within specification tolerances. There were no failures during these tests. Overall performance was safe and effective.
Comparisons were made based on the size, construction, materials and use. Refer to the comparison chart enclosed.
There are many commercially available Doppler devices indicated for monitoring of blood flow within the general vasculature which were marketed prior to promulgation of the Medical Device Amendments (May 28, 1976) or have been found substantially equivalent to pre-enactment devices. The P.D. Access device is intended for use in the same manner. In particular, the P.D. Access device is equivalent in indications and intended use to devices manufactured by CardioVascular Dynamics, formerly manufactured by Advance Cardiovascular Systems (ACS).
The P.D. Access Monitor was originally listed by Advanced Cardiovascular Systems (ACS) under the name SmartNeedle® Monitor on document number A877515. The P.D. Access device was originally listed by ACS under the name SmartNeedle on document number A877516. These devices were delisted by ACS, July 19, 1996. The P.D. Access Monitor is registered under the name SmartNeedle by CVD under document A899719 and the P.D. Access device under the name SmartNeedle document number A999797.
{2}------------------------------------------------
CardioVasculat Dynamics, Inc.
P.D. Accessfor Vascular At vesss Device
P.D. Access™ Dual Prequency Monitor
## COMPARISON CHART
| | 24/26 Gauge<br>P.D. Access | 22 Gauge<br>P.D. Access<br>SmartNeedle | 20 Gauge<br>SmartNeedle | 18 Gauge<br>SmartNeedle |
|------------------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| 510(k) # | Not Applicable | #K963989 | #K913941<br>#K940804 | #K903625<br>#K913746 |
| Trade<br>Name | P.D. Access<br>Device | P.D. Access<br>or<br>SmartNeedle® | SmartNeedle | SmartNeedle |
| Model # | 78110<br>78120 | 78050<br>78060<br>78070 | 77010 | 75010 |
| Frequency | 30 MHz | 14.3 MHz | 14.3 MHz | 14.3 MHz |
| Mode | Continuous | Continuous | Continuous | Continuous |
| Monitor | P.D. Access<br>Dual Frequency<br>14.3 / 30 MHz | P.D. Access<br>or<br>SmartNeedle | P.D. Access<br>or<br>SmartNeedle | P.D. Access<br>or<br>SmartNeedle |
| Indication | Blood Flow | Blood Flow | Blood Flow | Blood Flow |
| Construction | Probe<br>Needle<br>ONC Introducer | Probe<br>Needle<br>ONC Introducer<br>Peel Away<br>Introducer | Probe<br>Needle | Probe<br>Needle |
| Output/Display | Audible | Audible | Audible | Audible |
| Probe Diameter | .010 inches | .016 inches | .016 inches | .035 inches |
| Needle<br>Diameter | 24/26 Gauge | 22 Gauge | 20 Gauge | 18 Gauge |
| Introducer<br>Diameter | 22/24 Gauge | 22 Gauge | Not<br>Applicable | Not<br>Applicable |
{3}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo features a stylized eagle with three human profiles incorporated into its design. The words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" are arranged in a circular pattern around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
JAN 2 3 1998
Pamela Misajon Manager, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance Cardio Vascular Dynamics, Inc. 13700 Alton Parkway Irvine, California 92618
K973713 Re: P.D. Access™ Vascular Access Device 24/26 Gauge and P.D. Access™ Dual Frequency Monitor Dated: December 9, 1997 December 10, 1997 Received: Regulatory Class: II 21 CFR 892.1570/Procode: 90 ITX
Dear Ms. Misajon:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Druq and Cosmetic Act. You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions Act (Act). The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practices, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
This determination of substantial equivalence applies to the following transducers intended for use with the P.D. Vascular Access Device, as described in your premarket notification:
## Transducer Model Numbers
78120, 78110
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval) it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. র্বা substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General (GMP) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic QS inspections, the FDA will verify such Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in assumptions. regulatory action: In addition, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification does not affect any obligation you may have under sections 531 and 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
{4}------------------------------------------------
Page 2 - Pamela Misajon
This determination of substantial equivalence is granted on the condition that prior to shipping the first device, you submit a postclearance special report.
This report should contain complete information, including acoustic output measurements based on production line devices, requested in Appendix G of the Center's September 30, 1997 "Information for Manufacturers Seeking Marketing Clearance of Diagnostic Ultrasound Systems and Transducers." If the special report is incomplete or contains unacceptable values (e.q., acoustic output greater than approved levels), then the 510(k) clearance may not apply to the production units which as a result may be considered adulterated or misbranded.
The special report should reference the manufacturer's 510(k) number. T+ should be clearly and prominently marked "ADD-TO-FILE" and should be submitted in duplicate to:
> Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health Document Mail Center (HFZ-401) 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville, Maryland 20850
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus permits your device to proceed to market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling (21
CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4591. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may 807.97). be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its tollfree number (800) 638-2041 or at (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
If you have any questions regarding the content of this letter, please contact Rodrigo C. Perez at (301) 594-1212.
Sincerely yours,
David G. Bryson
illian Yin, Ph.D. Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, Ear, Nose and Throat, .... ..... and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
{5}------------------------------------------------
CardioVascular Dynamics, Inc. P.D. Access™ Vascular Access Device P.D. Access™ Dual Frequency Monitor
510(k) Notification September 30, 1997
Page of 1
510(k) Number (if known):
K973713
Device Name:
:
P.D. Access Vascular Access Device P.D. Access Dual Frequency Monitor
Indications For Use:
P.D. Access Device: Is intended for use when blood flow must be detected for percutaneous vessel cannulation. The vessel must be of a caliber which would normally be punctured with a needle and introducer of this size or larger
These additional probe/needle models are being incorporated to broaden the product line in order to accommodate both user preference and patient anatomies for all age aroups.
P.D. Access Monitor: Is intended for use to audibly indicate the doppler response of blood flow within an artery or vein. It is intended for use only in conjunction with the P.D. Access Vascular Access Device.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
| Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE) | | |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| Prescription Use_ <span style="text-decoration: overline;">✓</span> | OR | Over-The-Counter Use_ |
| (Per 21 CFR 801.109) | | (Optional Format 1-2-96) |
| | (Division Sign-Off)<br>Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, ENT,<br>and Radiological Devices | |
| 510(k) Number | K973713 | |
{6}------------------------------------------------
## Indications for Use Form Fill out one form for each ultrasound system and each transducer.
Intended Use:
Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the human body as follows:
| Mode of Operation | |
|-------------------|--|
|-------------------|--|
| Clinical<br>Application | A | B | M | PWD | CWD | Color<br>Doppler | Power<br>(Amplitude)<br>Doppler | Color<br>Velocity<br>Imaging | Combined<br>(Specify) | Other<br>(Specify) |
|----------------------------------|---|---|---|-----|-----|------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------|--------------------|
| Ophthalmic | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fetal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Abdominal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Intra-operative<br>(Specify) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Intra-operative<br>Neurological | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pediatric | | | | | | | | | | |
| Small Organ<br>(Specify) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Neonatal Cephalic | | | | | | | | | | |
| Adult Cephalic | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cardiac | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trans-esophageal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trans-Rectal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trans-Vaginal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trans-Urethral | | | | | | | | | | |
| Intra-Luminal | | | | | | | | | | |
| Peripheral<br>Vascular | | | | | X | | | | | |
| Laparoscopic | | | | | | | | | | |
| Musculo-Skeletal<br>Conventional | | | | | | | | | | |
| Musculo-Skeletal<br>Superficial | | | | | | | | | | |
| Other (Specify) | | | | | | | | | | |
Additional Comments:_
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CORCurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
David A. Jeger
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, ENT, and Radiological Devices
510(k) Number K973713
Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109)
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.