XPlan-1 is a stereotactic radiation treatment planning system for LINAC-based radiotherapy. It processes input data from CT scans, MR scans, and digitized angiographic film to localize lesions. The system performs image acquisition, localization, contouring, and beam planning. It supports conformal collimation, including LINAC jaws, MLCs, and wedges to modify beam shape and attenuation. The system generates DRRs (Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs), 3D Beam's Eye Views, 2D beam visualizations, and dose-volume histograms. It includes QA verification tools like the Laser Angio Target Localizer (LATL) to confirm system alignment at isocenter and patient positioning. Used in clinical settings by trained professionals, the system assists clinicians in planning radiation delivery to tumors in the head and skull. The output allows clinicians to visualize dose distribution and target volumes, facilitating precise treatment planning to benefit patients requiring stereotactic radiotherapy.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Testing verified beam shaping function, aperture generation, dose display accuracy in Geometry Viewer and Dose Summary, PTV generation, Block and MLC generation, and DRR display accuracy.
Technological Characteristics
Stereotactic radiation treatment planning software. Features include image acquisition, localization, contouring, and beam planning modules. Supports conformal collimation (LINAC jaws, MLCs, wedges). Includes QA verification tools (LATL). Connectivity supports integration with imaging modalities (CT, MR, angiography).
Indications for Use
Indicated for stereotactic LINAC-based radiation treatment planning for tumors < 7 cm in the skull and head. Localizes lesions using CT, MR, and digitized angiographic film. Supports conformal stereotactic radiotherapy delivered over multiple fractions.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.
Predicate Devices
RSA XKnife-3 System
CMS Focus System
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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## Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
K972905
# OCT 28 1997
| OCT 28 1997 | |
|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| General Information | |
| Classification: | Class II |
| Common Name: | Stereotactic Radiation Treatment Planning System |
| Device Trade Name: | XPlan-1 |
| Intended Uses: | Computer planned LINAC-based stereotactic<br>radiotherapy procedures |
| Predicate Device: | RSA XKnife-3 System and CMS Focus System |
| Establishment Name and Address: | Radionics Software Applications, Inc.<br>22 Terry Avenue<br>Burlington, MA 01803 |
| Contact Name and Phone: | Renee J. Thibeault or Linda Jalbert, (617) 272-1233 |
| Establishment Registration Number: | 1222895 |
| Performance Standard: | None established under Section 514 |
#### Substantial Equivalence Determination
A summary of the information contained in this premarket notification that addresses safety and effectiveness follows.
#### Safety Summary
RSA XPlan-1 system testing verifies that the beam shaping function generated the correct aperture and that the dose displays in the Geometry Viewer and Dose Summary are correct. Further, it verifies that the PTV generation, Block and MLC generation, DRR display and other new features are accurate.
#### General Safety and Effectiveness
The device labeling contains instructions for use. It includes indications for use, cautions, warnings and user quality assurance procedures. The training and installation sessions provide assurance that the user understands all aspects of the XPlan-1 System; mechanical, computer and software, plus its intended functionality. This information promotes safe and effective use of the device.
#### Description of the Device and the Basis for Substantial Equivalence
The XPlan-1 system has the same intended use and similar technological characteristics as the commercially available XKnife-3 Stereotactic Radiation Treatment Planning System. Like XKnife-3, the XPlan-1 system includes the same image acquisition, localizing, contouring and beam planning techniques. In addition, XPlan-1 and XKnife-3 both contain methods of QA verification for targeting setup and delivery. XPlan-1 includes modifications of the XKnife-3 system, such as the ability to use conformal collimation devices and a modification to the dose algorithm to account for the use of conformal collimation devices. XPlan-1 also supports the use of the Laser Angio Target Localizer (LATL) as an additional QA check to verify the orientation and position of the LINAC jaws and gantry, the collimator and couch rotation. Like the XKnife-3 use of the Rectilinear Phantom Pointer (RLPP) and Laser Target Localizer Frame (LTLF), XPlan-1 supports the use of the LATL to confirm system alignment at isocenter and to position the patient at isocenter.
XPlan-1 is also substantially equivalent to the commercially available Conformal Radiation Treatment Planning System, FOCUS. Like FOCUS, XPlan-1 supports the use of LINAC jaws, MLCs and wedges to modify the shape and attenuation of the beam. Both
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XPlan-1 and FOCUS also have the ability to model the total on the taget.
volume and surrounding tissue via a 3D Beam's Eye View and 2D beam visualization.
Both systems, also addition to the dose-volume histogram.
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Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo is circular and contains the department's name around the perimeter. In the center of the circle is an abstract symbol that resembles a stylized caduceus or a representation of human figures.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
Renee J. Thibeault Radionics Software Applicants, Inc. 22 Terry Avenue Burlington, MA 01803-2516
Re:
K972905 Xplan-1 Stereotactic Radiation Treatment Planning System Dated: August 5, 1997 Received: August 6, 1997 Regulatory class: II OCT 28 1997 21 CFR 892.5050/Procode: 90 IYE
Dear Ms. Thibeault:
We have reviewed your Section 510K) notification of intent to market the device and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic OS inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4613. Additionally, for question and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours.
H. William Yu
Lillian Yin, Ph.D. Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, Ear, Nose and Throat, and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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### Indications for Use
The following are the indications for use of the XPlan-1 system:
XPlan-1 is a stereotactic LINAC-based radiation treatment planning system. XPlan-1 A Flail-T IS a steleolacite Ell Tre Oase Tacianon Cleiting and digitized angiographic film.
Iocalizes lesions to be treated using CT scans, MR scans and digitized angiographi XPlan-1 provides a stereotactic planning system, for treatment of turnors < 7 cm in
XPlan-1 provides a stereotactic planning system, for treatment of turns of creation AF lan-1 provides a sices of skull and head. The conformal stereotactic chameler at sites Juen as on are delivered over multiple fractions.
Givind A. Slegyson
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, ENT, and Radiological Devices 510(k) Number .
Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109)
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.