The Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls are used to monitor accuracy and precision.
Device Story
Precinorm® TDM Controls are lyophilized, human serum-based control materials containing therapeutic drugs, stabilizers, and preservatives. Used in clinical laboratories to monitor the accuracy and precision of TDM assays. The device is prepared by reconstituting with distilled water. Value assignment is performed by comparing the control to analyte-specific and chemistry-specific calibrators. The controls provide a tri-level range for monitoring performance across various therapeutic drug assays, including T4, T3, amikacin, carbamazepine, cortisol, digoxin, and others. Healthcare providers use the output (measured control values) to verify the performance of their analytical systems, ensuring reliable patient test results.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Performance characteristics, including dose assignment and stability, were established through bench testing and comparison to the predicate device.
Technological Characteristics
Lyophilized human serum-based control material. Contains therapeutic drugs, stabilizers, and preservatives. Tri-level formulation. Reconstituted with 3 mL distilled water. Analyte-specific value assignment via comparison to chemistry-specific calibrators.
Indications for Use
Indicated for use as a tri-level, human serum-based control material to monitor the accuracy and precision of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays in clinical laboratory settings.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A clinical toxicology control material is a device intended to provide an estimation of the precision of a device test system and to detect and monitor systematic deviations from accuracy resulting from reagent or instrument defects. This generic type of device includes various single, and multi-analyte control materials.
Predicate Devices
Baxter Dade® IAC-X Comprehensive Immunoassay Control (K912455)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
{0}
K971060
JUL - 7 1997
# BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM CORPORATION
## Summary
### Introduction
According to the requirements of 21 CFR 807.92, the following information provides sufficient detail to understand the basis for a determination of substantial equivalence.
### 1. Submitter name, address, contact
Boehringer Mannheim Corporation
2400 Bisso Lane
Concord, CA 94524-4117
(510) 674-0690 extension 8413
Fax number: (510) 687-1850
Contact Person: Yvette Lloyd
Date Prepared: March 20, 1997
### 2. Device Name
Proprietary name: Precinorm® TDM Controls
Common name: Controls
Classification name: Single (specified) analyte controls (assayed + unassayed)
### 3. Predicate device
The Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls are substantially equivalent to other products in commercial distribution intended for similar use. Most notably it is substantially equivalent to the Baxter Dade® IAC-X Comprehensive Immunoassay Control (K912455).
### 4. Device Description
The Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls are manufactured using human serum albumin, therapeutic drugs, stabilizers, and preservatives. The analytes are appropriately spiked into the control matrix to the correct control concentration levels. The controls are in process checked, and a value assignment process is done via a comparison to an analyte specific (and chemistry specific) calibrator.
Continued on next page
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BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM CORPORATION
Summary, Continued

5. Intended use
The Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls are used to monitor accuracy and precision.
6. Comparison to predicate device
The Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls are substantially equivalent to other products in commercial distribution intended for similar use. Most notably it is substantially equivalent to the Baxter Dade® IAC-X Comprehensive Immunoassay Control (K912455).
The following table compares the Boehringer Mannheim Precinorm® TDM Controls with the predicate device, the Baxter Dade® IAC-X Comprehensive Immunoassay Controls. Specific data on the performance of the controls have been incorporated into the draft labeling in attachment 5. Labeling for the predicate devices are provided in attachment 6.
Similarities:
- Similar intended use
- Similar matrix
- Similar stability claims
- Both are tri-level
Continued on next page
page 26
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510(k) Summary, Continued
Differences:
| Feature | Precinorm® TDM Control | Baxter-Dade® Immunoassay Control |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Analytes | T4, T-Uptake, T3, Amikacin, Carbamazepine, Hydrocortisone (Cortisol), Quinidine, Digoxin, Digitoxin, Disopyramide, Ethosuximide, Gentamicin, Lidocaine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Primidone, Procainamide, N-acetylprocainamide, Theophylline, Tobramycin, Valproic Acid, Methotrexate, Chloramphenicol, Salicylic Acid, Lithium, Acetaminophen, Propanolol, Vancomycin, and Streptomycin. | Acetaminophen, Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP), Aldosterone, Amikacin, Carbamazepine, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Cortisol, Cyclosporine, Digoxin, Disopyramide, Estradiol, Ethosuximide, Ferritin, Folate, Free T3, Free T4, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Gentamicin, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, (hCG), Human Growth Hormone (hGH), Human Luteinizing Hormone (hLH), Immunoglobulin E (IgE), Insulin, Iron Binding Capacity, Lidocaine, Lithium, N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA), Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP), Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Primidone, Procainamide, Progesterone, Prolactin, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), Quinidine, Salicylate, Serum Iron, Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA), Testosterone, Theophylline, Thyroid Uptake/T3 Uptake, Tobramycin, Total T3, Total T4, TSH, Valproic Acid, Vancomycin, Vitamin B12 |
| Reconstitution Instructions | Add 3 mL of distilled water, then let sit for 30 minutes, with occasional swirling. | Add 5 mL of distilled or deionized water, then let stand at room temperature for 10 minutes. |
Continued on next page
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BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM CORPORATION Summary, Continued
6. Comparison to predicate device, (cont.)
Performance Characteristics:
- Dose assignment and stability: equivalent performance to the predicate device.
page 28
{4}
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration
2098 Gaither Road
Rockville MD 20850
Yvette R. Lloyd
- Regulatory Affairs Specialist
Boehringer Mannheim Corporation
2400 Bisso Lane
P.O. Box 4117
Concord, California 94524-4117
Re: K971060
Precinorm™ TDM Controls
Regulatory Class: I
Product Code: DIF
Dated: June 20, 1997
Received: June 23, 1997
JUL - 7 1997
Dear Ms. Lloyd:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic (QS) inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal Laws or Regulations.
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Page 2
Under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA-88), this device may require a CLIA complexity categorization. To determine if it does, you should contact the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at (770) 488-7655.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4588. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
Steven I. Gutman, M.D., M.B.A.
Director
Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices
Office of Device Evaluation
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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page 24
Office Name: Precinorm® TDM Control.
Locations For Use:
Precinorm® TDM is a triple range lyophilised control material based on human serum.
Precinorm® TDM is used for monitoring accuracy or precision.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)

Description Use: ☑ 21 CFR 801.109)
OR
Over-The-Counter Use ☐
(Optional Format 1-2-96)
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Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
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Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.