This device provides integrated dose and dose rate readout capabilities for radiation sensing diodes when used for patient dose verification or quality assurance in radiation therapy. The diodes produce a current directly proportional to the ionizing radiation to which they are exposed. The diodes are connected to this readout device. The purpose of the combination of the diodes and this product are to measure ionizing radiation independently at various points of interest. The VeriDose V is intended for use by persons responsible for the proper interpretation of its readings and observing the appropriate safety procedures in the presence of radiation.
Device Story
Five-channel diode dosimeter; measures real-time dose rate and integrated dose from user-supplied radiation sensing diodes. Inputs: current from diodes proportional to ionizing radiation (electrons, photons, Cobalt-60). Operation: device converts diode current to dose/dose rate values; stores up to 21 calibration sets; features user-settable alarms per channel. Output: real-time display, RS-232 data transmission to PC, and printer reports (treatment, calibration, energy constancy, flatness/symmetry). Used in radiation therapy clinics by medical physicists or technicians for independent quality assurance. Device performs power-up self-diagnostics to verify internal electronics. Benefits: provides independent verification of radiation delivery; helps ensure quality assurance in therapy settings. Not for absolute or internal dose measurements.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided. Device performance verified through electrical calibration of channels using a current source (2nC = 1 cGy) and comparison of functional specifications against the predicate device.
Technological Characteristics
Five-channel electrometer; BNC input connectors; RS-232 and parallel printer ports. Enclosure: 9” x 8.5” x 2.5” with EMI coating. Power: 12VDC via external converter. Sensing principle: diode-based current measurement. Connectivity: standalone with RS-232 data output. Software: embedded microprocessor for data processing, calibration storage, and self-diagnostics.
Indications for Use
Indicated for radiation therapy patient dose verification or quality assurance. Intended for use by qualified personnel responsible for interpreting radiation readings and maintaining safety protocols.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An x-ray radiation therapy system is a device intended to produce and control x-rays used for radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.
Predicate Devices
Patient Dose Monitor, Theta Model #526 (K912249/A)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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Exhibit "C"
K964952
# Premarket Notification [510(k)] Summary as required by section 807.92(c)
JUL 21 1997
**Date Summary was prepared:**
November 21, 1996
**Submitter’s Name:**
Victoreen, Inc.
6000 Cochran Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139-3395
**Contact Person:**
Linda S. Morin
Director of Regulatory Affairs
and Quality Assurance
Phone: 216-248-9300
Fax: 216-248-9301
**Device Name:**
Veridose V (five), Model number 37-705
**Classification Name:**
X-ray Radiation Therapy System
**Predicate Device:**
Patient Dose Monitor, Theta Model #526, 510(k) #K912249/A
**Intended Use:**
(Function): This device provides integrated dose and dose rate readout capabilities for radiation sensing diodes when used for patient dose verification or quality assurance in radiation therapy. The diodes produce a current directly proportional to the ionizing radiation to which they are exposed. The diodes are connected to this readout device. The purpose of the combination of the diodes and this product are to measure ionizing radiation independently at various points of interest. The VeriDose V is intended for use
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by persons responsible for the proper interpretation of its readings and observing the appropriate safety procedures in the presence of radiation.
## Product Description:
The product is a five channel diode dosimeter. The device will measure and display real time dose rate or integrated dose on up to 5 diodes simultaneously. The features include a keyboard, an ON / OFF switch, a power input connector (12VDC), 5 BNC connectors for diode inputs, a RS-232 connector, and a parallel printer port connector. Up to 21 sets of calibration data can be acquired, stored, and selected for use. Calibration and patient data is transmitted to a printer or the RS-232 port.
## Specifications:
| No. of input channels: | five (BNC) |
| --- | --- |
| Input polarity: | positive or negative |
| Rate range: | 1.0 cGy/min to 1000 cGy/min |
| Dose range: | 0.1 cGy to 1000 cGy. |
| Sensitivity adjustment: | 0.1 to 10 nC / cGy |
| Particle types: | Electrons, Photons, Cobalt 60 |
| Alarms: | one, user set / channel |
| Printer compatibility: | HP Inkjet, HP Laserjet, Seiko label printer |
| Reports: | TREATMENT REPORT
CALIBRATION REPORT
ENERGY CONSTANCY REPORT
FLATNESS/SYMMETRY REPORT |
| Enclosure: | 9” x 8.5” x 2.5” inches ( width x depth x height ) EMI coating |
| Weight: | 3 lbs. |
| Power: | 120VAC / 12VDC @ 1A power converter, UL, CSA
230VAC / 12VDC@ 1A power converter, CE |
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Comparison to predicate device: (Theta Systems PDM model 526)
| Feature | Veridose V | Model 526 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Channels: | 5 | 2 |
| Accuracy (%): | 1 | 1 |
| Reproduce(%): | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Polarity: | Positive and Negative | Negative |
| Min Rate(cGy/min): | 1 | 1 |
| Max Rate(cGy/min): | 1000 | 999 |
| Min Dose ( cGy ): | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Max Dose ( cGy ): | 1000 | 999.9 |
| Auto Zero: | yes | yes |
| Cal Adj (nC/cGy): | 0.1 -10 | 0.01-9.99 |
| Alarms: | yes | yes |
| Calibration Sets: | 21 | 20 |
| RS232 Port: | yes | no |
| Printer Port: | yes | yes |
| Weight(lb.): | 3 | 5.5 |
| Environmental: | | |
| Operating temperature: | 10° C to 40° C | 10° C to 40° C |
| Storage temperature: | 0° C to 70° | 0° C to 70° |
| Relative humidity: | 5 to 95% non-condensing | 5 to 95% non-condensing |
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4
## Similarities to predicate device (Theta Systems model 526):
The VeriDose V and the predicate device are technologically the same. Both are based on a multi-channel electrometer designed to measure the charge provided by a variety of diode detectors. Both devices convert this charge to a dose or dose rate value. The VeriDose V and the predicate device allow the results of a measurement to be transmitted to a printer. Both devices are similar in size. Each device allows the user to set an alarm value used to alert the user of a measurement exceeding this limit.
## Differences predicate device:
The VeriDose V is a 5 channel device while the PDM (model 526) is a 2 channel device. The VeriDose V provides a RS232 interface allowing the results of a measurement to be transferred to a PC. These differences, while providing additional capability, do not degrade performance of the device.
## Possible Customer Use and Misuse:
The customer may use this product as a quality assurance device only. Misuse is when the customer uses this as a calibration device to measure absolute dose or internal dose. This product is not recommended to be used for any absolute or internal dose measurements. The user could select the incorrect detector group, and cause the incorrect calibration factors to be applied. The VeriDose 5 is intended as a readout for detector diodes (user supplied) used for the detection of ionizing radiation, it should only be used by responsible persons who have the proper interpretation of its readings and the appropriate safety procedures to be followed in the presence of radiation.
## Fail Safe / Safety:
The failure mode(s) are anticipated to be: cable(s) not connected or power supply not plugged in. This would be immediately observable in the output. There is only low voltage DC present inside the product (12 VDC). The product will perform a self diagnostic on power-up to test internal electronics integrity and notify the user if there are any problems.
## Hazard Analysis:
Possible hazards are:
1. The user could plug the wrong diodes into the inputs and thereby use the wrong correction constants yielding incorrect information. The result would be an incorrect reading.
2. The user could select the incorrect diode group and thereby use the wrong correction constants. The result would be an incorrect reading.
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To help prevent mis-use the diodes are color coded and clearly marked. The VeriDose V gives indication of each diode type per channel and provides a print out of the set up for record keeping. It is the user’s responsibility to clearly mark the diode and its’ connector to prevent connection to the wrong input channel. If the incorrect diode group set was selected it would be noticeable on the printout thus providing a check. The VeriDose V is intended as a readout device for detector diodes (user supplied) used for the detection of inonizing radiation, it should only be used by responsible persons who have proper interpretation of its readings and the appropriate safety procedures to be followed in the presence of radiation.
## Risk Assessment:
This product is not a primary delivered dose measurement device, therefore, poses no user or patient risk. Since this product is an independent quality assurance device used for monitoring delivered dose, it plays no role whatsoever in the administration of radiation to the patient and in no way affects the performance of the radiation therapy system.
## Failure Modes:
The diodes or the electrometer inputs may fail electrically. The memory, electronics or microprocessor may fail. Any connectors or the power supply may not be plugged in. These failures would be evident to the user by the either a message on the display indicating the source of the failure, or lack of display, as in the case of a power supply failure.
## Labeling, Warnings, Standard Identification:
Product markings will include:
- Nuclear Associates, Product Name, Model Number, Serial Number, Indication of Channel number.
## Calibration:
Factory calibration of the product is limited to calibration of each of the five channels with a current source to a nominal $2\mathrm{nC} = 1$ cGy.
User calibration includes placing the user supplied diodes in a (star) phantom. In the calibration mode, the serial numbers, associated channels, detector group number, machine ID, and Energy ID are entered, by the user, via the keyboard or via the RS-232 interface. The diodes are exposed to a known quantity of radiation and the charge acquired. The actual radiation exposure will be entered by the user. The device will calculate the calibration factor in units of cGy / nC. This data is stored in the devices’ memory. The calibration requires user entry of a predetermined password preventing
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unauthorized users from altering calibration factors. The calibration data can be printed or transmitted through the RS-232 port. A calibration ( star ) phantom is included with this product.
## Storage Needs / Shelf Life / Disposability:
Shelf life is indefinite. The storage temperature is 0 degrees C to 70 degrees C. The relative humidity is 5 to 95% non-condensing. There are no disposability restrictions.
6
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration
9200 Corporate Boulevard
Rockville MD 20850
Ms. Linda S. Nash
Director, Regulatory Affairs & Q.A.
Victoreen, Inc.
6000 Cochran Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139-3395
Re: K964952
Varidose V (Patient Dose Monitor)
Dated: April 18, 1997
Received: April 21, 1997
Regulatory Class: II
21 CFR 892.5900/Procode: 90 JAD
21 CFR 892.5050/Procode: 90 LHN
JUL 21 1997
Dear Ms. Nash:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (QS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic QS inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4613. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,

Enclosure
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EXHIBIT A
Page 1 of 1
510(k) Number: K964952
Device Name: Veridose V (Five) - Model Number 37-705
Indications for Use:
The Veridose V (Five) - Model Number 37-705 is used to provide integrated dose and dose rate readout capabilities for radiation sensing diodes when used for patient dose verification or quality assurance in radiation therapy.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, ENT, and Radiological Devices
510(k) Number K964952
Prescription Use ☑ or Over-The-Counter Use ☐
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
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Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
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Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
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Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
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Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
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The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.