TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Bearing Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Fixed Angle Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hook Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Pin Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Peg Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Shear Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireform plates and Washer); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireforms); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Cortical Screws); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Threaded Pegs);
K243569 · TriMed, Inc. · HRS · Jan 15, 2025 · Orthopedic
Device Facts
Record ID
K243569
Device Name
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Bearing Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Fixed Angle Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hook Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Pin Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Peg Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Shear Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireform plates and Washer); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireforms); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Cortical Screws); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Threaded Pegs);
Applicant
TriMed, Inc.
Product Code
HRS · Orthopedic
Decision Date
Jan 15, 2025
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 888.3030
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Therapeutic
Indications for Use
Specific indications for use of the subject devices in Wrist Fixation System are as follows: TriMed Volar Plates and Radial Peg Plates: Fractures, non-unions or osteotomies of the distal radius. TriMed Ulnar Peg Plates: Fractures, non-unions and osteotomies of the distal end of the ulna. TriMed Pin Plates: 1. Fractures of the radial column of the wrist. 2. Fractures of the dorsal ulnar cortex of the distal radius. TriMed Wire Forms, Shear Plates and Hook Plates: Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone. TriMed Radial Osteotomy System is indicated for osteotomies of the distal radius. TriMed Welded Wire Forms in Wrist Fixation System 3 is indicated for Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone.
Device Story
TriMed Wrist Fixation System and Radial Osteotomy System consist of metallic plates, screws, pegs, and wire forms used for orthopedic fixation. Devices provide structural support for fractures, non-unions, or osteotomies of the distal radius and ulna. Implants are anatomically shaped; some feature pre-defined peg-hole trajectories or distal bearings for peg angulation. Used by orthopedic surgeons in clinical settings to stabilize bone fragments. Output is mechanical fixation of bone segments, facilitating healing. Benefits include restoration of skeletal alignment and stability.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only. Performance assessed via static and endurance testing on worst-case representative devices per QR-2738 and TRL-69. Testing followed FDA guidance for Orthopedic Non-Spinal Metallic Bone Screws and Washers.
Technological Characteristics
Materials: 316L Stainless Steel (ASTM F138/139). Components: Anatomically shaped plates, screws (2.3mm, 2.7mm, 3.2mm), pegs, and wire forms. Principle: Mechanical bone fixation via locking/non-locking screws and pegs. Supplied non-sterile.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients with fractures, non-unions, or osteotomies of the distal radius or distal ulna, and fractures of the radial column or dorsal ulnar cortex of the distal radius, provided there is sufficient bone for intraosseous support.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
Single/multiple component metallic bone fixation appliances and accessories are devices intended to be implanted consisting of one or more metallic components and their metallic fasteners. The devices contain a plate, a nail/plate combination, or a blade/plate combination that are made of alloys, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, stainless steel, and titanium, that are intended to be held in position with fasteners, such as screws and nails, or bolts, nuts, and washers. These devices are used for fixation of fractures of the proximal or distal end of long bones, such as intracapsular, intertrochanteric, intercervical, supracondylar, or condylar fractures of the femur; for fusion of a joint; or for surgical procedures that involve cutting a bone. The devices may be implanted or attached through the skin so that a pulling force (traction) may be applied to the skeletal system.
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The logo consists of two parts: the Department of Health & Human Services logo on the left and the FDA logo on the right. The FDA logo is in blue and includes the letters "FDA" in a square and the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION".
January 15, 2025
TriMed, Inc. Divya Raghavi Nandakumar Regulatory Affairs Supervisor 27533 Avenue Hopkins Santa Clarita, California 91355
### Re: K243569
Trade/Device Name: TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Bearing Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Fixed Angle Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hook Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Pin Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Peg Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Shear Plates); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireform plates and Washer); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireforms); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Cortical Screws); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Threaded Pegs); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Unthreaded Pegs); TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hex Cortical Screw 3.2mm); TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Radial Osteotomy Plates); TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Torx Smooth Pegs 1.8mm); TriMed Wrist Fixation System 3 (Welded Wireforms) Regulation Number: 21 CFR 888.3030 Regulation Name: Single/Multiple Component Metallic Bone Fixation Appliances And Accessories Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: HRS, HWC, NDG, NDL Dated: November 1, 2024
Dear Divya Raghavi Nandakumar:
Received: November 18, 2024
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and
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adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30, Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90, Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review. the OS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rule"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advicecomprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
{2}------------------------------------------------
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
# CHRISTOPHER FERREIRA -S
Christopher Ferriera, MS Assistant Director DHT6C: Division of Restorative, Repair, and Trauma Devices OHT6: Office of Orthopedic Devices Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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## Indications for Use
Form Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120 Expiration Date: 07/31/2026 See PRA Statement below.
Submission Number (if known)
K243569
Device Name
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Bearing Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Fixed Angle Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hook Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Pin Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Peg Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Shear Plates);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireform plates and Washer);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireforms);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Cortical Screws);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Threaded Pegs):
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Unthreaded Pegs);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hex Cortical Screw 3.2mm);
TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Radial Osteotomy Plates);
TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Torx Smooth Pegs 1.8mm);
TriMed Wrist Fixation System 3 (Welded Wireforms)
Indications for Use (Describe)
Specific indications for use of the subject devices in Wrist Fixation System are as follows: TriMed Volar Plates and Radial Peg Plates:
Fractures, non-unions or osteotomies of the distal radius.
TriMed Ulnar Peg Plates:
Fractures, non-unions and osteotomies of the distal end of the ulna.
TriMed Pin Plates:
1. Fractures of the radial column of the wrist.
2. Fractures of the dorsal ulnar cortex of the distal radius.
TriMed Wire Forms, Shear Plates and Hook Plates
Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone.
TriMed Radial Osteotomy System is indicated for osteotomies of the distal radius.
TriMed Welded Wire Forms in Wrist Fixation System 3 is indicated for Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
> Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
### CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
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This section applies only to requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
#### *DO NOT SEND YOUR COMPLETED FORM TO THE PRA STAFF EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW.*
The burden time for this collection of information is estimated to average 79 hours per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed and complete and review the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
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"An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB number."
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Image /page/5/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for TriMed. The logo consists of a blue symbol that looks like a stylized letter "T" with curved arms, followed by the word "TriMed" in blue, with a registered trademark symbol next to it. A horizontal blue line is placed under the word "TriMed".
27533 Avenue Hopkins
Valencia, CA 91355
800-633-7221 Phone 661-255-7406 Office
661-254-8485 Fax
# 510(k) Summary
This 510(k) Summary is submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR 807.92.
| Submitter Information | | 21 CFR 807.92(a)(1) |
|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|
| Submitter: | TriMed, Inc.<br>27533 Avenue Hopkins<br>Santa Clarita, CA 91355<br>USA Phone: 1-661-255-<br>7406<br>Establishment Registration Number: 2031009 | |
| Contact Person: | Divya Raghavi Nandakumar<br>Regulatory Affairs Supervisor<br>Phone: 1-661-255-7406<br>Email: divyarnandakumar@trimedortho.com | |
| Device Information | | 21 CFR 807.92(a)(2) |
| Trade Name: | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Bearing Plates); | |
|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------|--|
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Volar Fixed Angle Plates); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hook Plates); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Pin Plates); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Peg Plates); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Shear Plates); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireform plates and Washer); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Wireforms); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Cortical Screws); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Threaded Pegs); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Torx Unthreaded Pegs); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System (Hex Cortical Screw 3.2mm); | |
| | TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Radial Osteotomy Plates); | |
| | TriMed Radial Osteotomy System (Torx Smooth Pegs 1.8mm); | |
| | TriMed Wrist Fixation System 3 (Welded Wireforms) | |
| Name: | Plate, Fixation, Bone (primary) | |
| | Screw, Fixation, Bone | |
| | Pin, Fixation, Smooth | |
| | Washer, Bolt, Nut, Non-Spinal Metallic | |
| Number: | 21 CFR 888.3030 | |
{6}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for TriMed, a medical device company. The logo consists of a stylized blue symbol resembling an umbrella or interconnected arches, followed by the company name "TriMed" in a bold, sans-serif blue font. A thin blue line underlines the company name, and a registered trademark symbol appears next to the "d" in "TriMed".
27533 Avenue Hopkins Valencia, CA 91355
800-633-7221 Phone 661-255-7406 Office
| Regulation Name: | Single/multiple component metallic bone fixation appliances and accessories (primary)<br>Smooth or threaded metallic bone fixation fastener |
|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Classification: | Class II |
| Product Code: | HRS, HWC, NDG, NDL |
| Review Panel: | Orthopedic |
Legally Marketed Predicate Device(s)
21 CFR 807.92(a)(3)
Device Trade Name: TriMed Wrist Fixation System 3 K222637 510(k) Number: Product Code: HRS
#### Device Description
21 CFR 807.92(a)(4)
TriMed Volar Bearing Plates and Volar Fixed Angle Plates consist of anatomically shaped plates used for fractures, non-unions or osteotomies of the distal radius. Volar Bearing Plates utilize distal bearings to allow peg angulation. Volar Fixed Angle Plates have pre-defined peg-hole trajectories. TriMed Fixed Angle and Bearing Plates are compatible with 2.3mm locking pegs and 2.3mm nonlocking cortical bone screws distally and 3.2mm screws proximally.
TriMed Wrist Hook Plates are anatomically shaped plates used for fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone. TriMed Wrist Hook Plates are compatible with 2.3mm screws and locking pegs.
TriMed Pin Plates are anatomically shaped plates used for the treatment of the radial column of the wrist and fractures of the dorsal ulnar cortex of the distal radius. TriMed Pin Plates are compatible with 1.1mm k-wires and 2.3mm screws.
TriMed Radial Peg Plates are anatomically shaped for the radial column used for fractures, nonunions or osteotomies of the distal radius. TriMed Radial Peg Plates are compatible with 2.3mm screws and locking pegs. TriMed Ulnar Peg Plates are semi-tubular straight plates used for fractures, non-unions and osteotomies of the distal end of the ulna. TriMed Unar Peg Plates are compatible with 2.3mm screws and locking pegs.
TriMed Shear Plates are anatomically shaped plates used for fragments of the distal radius. TriMed Shear Plates are compatible with 2.3mm screws.
TriMed Wire Forms are contoured to be used for fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone. TriMed Wire Forms are used with washers or wireform plates and 2.3mm threaded pegs and 2.3mm screws. TriMed Welded Wireforms have a welded washer that accept 2.3mm screws.
TriMed Radial Osteotomy Plates are used to perform osteotomies of the distal radius. TriMed Radial Osteotomy Plates have pre-defined peg-hole trajectories. TriMed Radial Osteotomy Plates are compatible with 2.3mm locking pegs and 2.3mm non-locking cortical bone screws distally and 3.2mm screws proximally.
All implants are made from 316L Stainless Steel per ASTM F138/139 and are supplied non-sterile.
{7}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/7/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for TriMed. The logo consists of a blue umbrella-like symbol on the left, followed by the word "TriMed" in blue sans-serif font. A horizontal line runs beneath the symbol and the word. The logo is simple and clean, with a focus on the company name and a memorable symbol.
27533 Avenue Hopkins
Valencia, CA 91355
800-633-7221 Phone
661-255-7406 Office
661-254-8485 Fax
21 CFR 807.92(a)(5)
21 CFR 807.92(b)
#### Intended Use / Indications for Use
Specific indications for use of the subject devices in Wrist Fixation System are as follows: TriMed Volar Plates and Radial Peg Plates:
Fractures, non-unions or osteotomies of the distal radius.
TriMed Ulnar Peg Plates:
Fractures, non-unions and osteotomies of the distal end of the ulna. TriMed Pin Plates:
1. Fractures of the radial column of the wrist.
2. Fractures of the dorsal ulnar cortex of the distal radius.
TriMed Wire Forms, Shear Plates and Hook Plates
Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone.
TriMed Radial Osteotomy System is indicated for osteotomies of the distal radius.
TriMed Welded Wire Forms in Wrist Fixation System 3 is indicated for Fragments of the distal radius large enough to allow intraosseous support from the device with an adjacent stable cortex of cortical bone.
| Indications for Use Comparison | 21 CFR 807.92(a)(5) |
|--------------------------------|---------------------|
|--------------------------------|---------------------|
Devices included in this 510(k) premarket notification have identical indications for a subset of devices in the predicate 510(k) - K222637.
| Comparison of Technological Characteristics | 21 CFR 807.92(a)(6) |
|---------------------------------------------|---------------------|
|---------------------------------------------|---------------------|
TriMed devices included in this 510(k) premarket notification are substantially equivalent to the predicate - TriMed Wrist Fixation System 3, in terms of material, design features, principles of operation, manufacturing, packaging, and labeling. Any differences between the proposed device and the predicate device are considered minor and do not raise different questions concerning safety or effectiveness.
Performance Data
TriMed devices included in this 510(k) premarket notification and Predicate devices (Wrist Fixation System 3 cleared under K222637) assessed to identify worst-case representative devices. Worst-case representative devices were subjected to performance testing. This assessment is documented in QR-2738 Design Verification for WS3, WFS, and ROS. In some cases, the worst-case representative devices identified were in fact the predicate devices previously cleared under K222637. The performance test reports for these devices are provided once again for FDA review.
TriMed Welded Buttress Pins exhibited superior performance when compared to a predicate device
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Image /page/8/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for TriMed. The logo is blue and consists of a stylized symbol on the left and the word "TriMed" on the right. A horizontal line runs beneath the symbol and the word. The symbol appears to be a stylized representation of a medical device or tool.
27533 Avenue Hopkins Valencia. CA 91355
800-633-7221 Phone 661-255-7406 Office 661-254-8485 Fax
(buttress pins in Wrist Fixation System 3 cleared under K222637) during static and endurance testing when compared to a predicate device.
TriMed screws included in this premarket notification were tested per the recommendations cited in the FDA Guidance Document, Orthopedic Non-Spinal Metallic Bone Screws and Washers – Performance Criteria for Safety and Performance Based Pathway. Refer to TRL-69, Test Report for Static Testing of TriMed Bone Screws - 2.3mm, 2.7mm, 3.2mm.
Clinical studies were not conducted for the subject devices.
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Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.