APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing

{0}------------------------------------------------ Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The logo consists of two parts: the Department of Health & Human Services logo on the left and the FDA text logo on the right. The text logo is in blue and reads "FDA U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION". February 24, 2025 Alembic, LLC Lisa Yen Vice President of Regulatory and Quality 627 National Avenue Mountain View. California 94043 Re: K243287 Trade/Device Name: APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1250 Regulation Name: Percutaneous Catheter Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: NRY Dated: January 27, 2025 Received: January 27, 2025 Dear Lisa Yen: We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading. If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. {1}------------------------------------------------ Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download). Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30. Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90. Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181). Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050. All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rule"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advicecomprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems. For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory {2}------------------------------------------------ assistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100). Sincerely, # Naira Muradyan -S Naira Muradyan, Ph.D. Assistant Director DHT5A: Division of Neurosurgical, Neurointerventional, and Neurodiagnostic Devices OHT5: Office of Neurological and Physical Medicine Devices Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health Enclosure {3}------------------------------------------------ ## Indications for Use 510(k) Number (if known) K243287 Device Name APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing #### Indications for Use (Describe) The APRO 70 Swift Catheter with an aspiration pump and the Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended for use in the revascularization of patients with acute secondary to intracranial large vessel occlusive disease (within the internal carotid, middle cerebral - M1 and M2 segments, basilar, and vertebral arteries) within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients who are ineligible for thrombolytic drug therapy or who failed thrombolytic drug therapy are candidates for treatment. The Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended to connect the APRO 70 Swift Catheter to the aspiration pump. Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | <span style="font-size:10pt;"> <input checked="true" type="checkbox"/> Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) </span> | |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | <span style="font-size:10pt;"> <input type="checkbox"/> Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) </span> | #### CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED. This section applies only to requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. #### *DO NOT SEND YOUR COMPLETED FORM TO THE PRA STAFF EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW.* The burden time for this collection of information is estimated to average 79 hours per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed and complete and review the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to: > Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Office of Chief Information Officer Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) Staff PRAStaff(@fda.hhs.gov "An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB number." {4}------------------------------------------------ ### 510(k) Summary #### 510(k) Number: K243287 This 510(k) Summary is provided in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR §807.92. #### 1) Submitter information | Submitter: | Alembic, LLC<br>627 National Ave.<br>Mountain View, CA 94043 | |----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Contact: | Lisa Yen<br>VP of Regulatory and Quality<br>Telephone Number: (650) 388-5087<br>Email: lyen@alembicllc.com | | Date Prepared: | February 21, 2025 | #### 2) Device Name and Classification | Trade/Proprietary Name: | APRO® 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing | |-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| | Common Name: | Catheter, Thrombus Retriever | | Classification Name: | Percutaneous Catheter, 21 CFR 870.1250 | | Regulatory Class: | Class II | | Product Code: | NRY | | Review Panel: | Neurology | #### 3) Legally Marketed Predicate Device and Reference Device | Predicate Device: | K232971 APRO 55 Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing | |-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| | Reference Device: | K223545 APRO 70 Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing | #### 4) Device Description The APRO 70 Swift Catheter is a single-lumen, braid and coil reinforced catheter. The APRO 70 Swift Catheter is designed to remove thrombus from the vasculature using aspiration. The APRO 70 Swift Catheter targets aspiration from a suction pump directly to the thrombus to remove thrombus from an occluded vessel. The APRO 70 Swift Catheter is introduced through a guide catheter or long femoral sheath and into the intracranial vasculature and guided over a neurovascular guidewire under fluoroscopic visualization to the site of the primary occlusion. The distal shaft has a hydrophilic coating to aid navigation through the vasculature. A radiopaque marker is located at the distal end of the catheter for visualization under fluoroscopy. For the aspiration source, the APRO 70 Swift Catheter is used in conjunction with an aspiration pump with pre-specified performance parameters that is {5}------------------------------------------------ connected using the Alembic Aspiration Tubing, along with a legally marketed canister and accessories kit. The APRO 70 Swift Catheter is available in lengths of 125 cm. 132 cm, and 135 cm and is provided with an introducer sheath. The Alembic Aspiration Tubing connects the APRO 70 Swift Catheter to the aspiration pump. The flow control valve allows control of the aspiration flow using an ON/OFF switch. It is available in one size. ### 5) Indications for Use The APRO 70 Swift Catheter with an aspiration pump and the Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended for use in the revascularization of patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to intracranial large vessel occlusive disease (within the internal carotid, middle cerebral - M1 and M2 segments, basilar, and vertebral arteries) within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients who are ineligible for thrombolytic drug therapy or who failed thrombolytic drug therapy are candidates for treatment. The Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended to connect the APRO 70 Swift Catheter to the aspiration pump. ### 6) Technological Characteristics Comparison Alembic has demonstrated the APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing are substantially equivalent to the predicate APRO 55 Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing based on the similarity in materials, similarity in design concept, and the same fundamental operating principles. A comparison of the APRO 70 Swift Catheter with the predicate and reference devices is summarized in Table 1 below. There are no changes to the Alembic Aspiration Tubing compared to that included as part of the K232971 submission. | Category | Subject Device | Predicate Device | Reference Device | |--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 510(k) Number | APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing<br>K243287 | APRO 55 Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing<br>K232971 | APRO 70 Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing<br>K223545 | | Regulatory Class, Product Code | Identical to predicate | Class II, 21 CFR 870.1250, NRY | Class II, 21 CFR 870.1250, NRY | | Indications for Use | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter with an aspiration pump and the Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended for use in the revascularization of patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to intracranial large vessel occlusive disease (within the internal carotid, middle cerebral – M1 and M2 segments, basilar, and vertebral arteries) within 8 hours of symptom onset. | The APRO 55 Catheter with an aspiration pump and the Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended for use in the revascularization of patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to intracranial large vessel occlusive disease (within the internal carotid, middle cerebral – M1 and M2 segments, basilar, and vertebral arteries) within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients | The APRO 70 Catheter with an aspiration pump and the Alembic Aspiration Tubing is intended for use in the revascularization of patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to intracranial large vessel occlusive disease (within the internal carotid, middle cerebral – M1 and M2 segments, basilar, and vertebral arteries) within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients | | | Subject Device<br>APRO 70 Swift Catheter<br>and Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | Predicate Device<br>APRO 55 Catheter and<br>Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | Reference Device<br>APRO 70 Catheter and<br>Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | | Category | Patients who are ineligible for<br>thrombolytic drug therapy or<br>who failed thrombolytic drug<br>therapy are candidates for<br>treatment.<br>The Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing is intended to connect<br>the APRO 70 Swift Catheter<br>to the aspiration pump. | who are ineligible for<br>intravenous tissue<br>plasminogen activator (IV t-<br>PA) or who fail IV t-PA<br>therapy are candidates for<br>treatment.<br>The Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing is intended to<br>connect the APRO 55<br>Catheter to the aspiration<br>pump. | who are ineligible for<br>intravenous tissue<br>plasminogen activator (IV t-<br>PA) or who fail IV t-PA<br>therapy are candidates for<br>treatment.<br>The Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing is intended to<br>connect the APRO 70<br>Catheter to the aspiration<br>pump. | | Principles of<br>Operation | Same as predicate, reference | Using conventional<br>catheterization techniques<br>under fluoroscopic guidance,<br>the catheter is advanced into<br>the target vessel over an<br>appropriate neurovascular<br>guidewire. The catheter is<br>positioned proximal to the<br>thrombus to aspirate. | Using conventional<br>catheterization techniques<br>under fluoroscopic guidance,<br>the catheter is advanced into<br>the target vessel over an<br>appropriate neurovascular<br>guidewire. The catheter is<br>positioned proximal to the<br>thrombus to aspirate. | | Materials | | | | | Hub | Same as predicate | Nylon | Polycarbonate | | Adhesive | Same as predicate, reference | Cyanoacrylate | Cyanoacrylate | | Strain Relief | Same as predicate, reference | Santoprene (thermoplastic<br>elastomer) | Santoprene (thermoplastic<br>elastomer) | | Liner | Same as predicate, reference | PTFE/Tecoflex composite | PTFE/Tecoflex composite | | Shaft Coil or Braid | Same as predicate, reference | 304V stainless steel braid<br>304V stainless steel coil | 304V stainless steel braid<br>304V stainless steel coil | | Extrusions | Same as predicate, reference | Thermoplastic<br>polyurethanes, thermoplastic<br>elastomer | Thermoplastic<br>polyurethanes, thermoplastic<br>elastomer | | Marker Band | Same as predicate, reference | Platinum/ iridium | Platinum/ iridium | | Coating | Same as predicate, reference | Hydrophilic coating | Hydrophilic coating | | Dimensions | | | | | Proximal Outer<br>Diameter | Same as reference | 0.066 inch | 0.083 inch | | Distal Outer<br>Diameter | Same as reference | 0.066 inch | 0.083 inch | | Inner Diameter (ID) | Same as reference | 0.055 inch | 0.070 inch | | Effective Length | Same as reference | 125, 137 cm | 125, 132, 135 cm | | Coated Length | Same as reference | 90, 102 cm | 90, 97, 100 cm | | Tip Shape | Same as reference | Straight | Straight | | Accessories | | | | | Introducer Sheath | Same as predicate, reference | Yes | Yes | | Packaging Materials | | | | | Pouch | Same as predicate, reference | Nylon/polyethylene/Tyvek | Nylon/polyethylene/Tyvek | | Packaging Tube | Same as predicate, reference | Polyethylene | Polyethylene | | Packaging Card | Same as predicate, reference | Polyethylene | Polyethylene | | Category | Subject Device<br>APRO 70 Swift Catheter<br>and Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | Predicate Device<br>APRO 55 Catheter and<br>Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | Reference Device<br>APRO 70 Catheter and<br>Alembic Aspiration<br>Tubing | | Shelf Carton | Same as predicate, reference | Solid bleached sulfate<br>paperboard | Solid bleached sulfate<br>paperboard | | Other | Same as predicate, reference | Ethylene oxide | Ethylene oxide | | Shelf Life | 1 year | 6 months | 6 months | | Use | Same as predicate, reference | Sterile, single use,<br>disposable | Sterile, single use,<br>disposable | | Alembic Aspiration Tubing | Same as predicate, reference | 110 inch length<br>Tubing ID = 0.110 inch | 110 inch length<br>Tubing ID = 0.110 inch | #### Table 1 - APRO 70 Swift Catheter Comparison with the Predicate Device and Reference Device {6}------------------------------------------------ {7}------------------------------------------------ #### 7) Performance Data Alembic performed non-clinical bench, sterility, shelf-life, and biocompatibility testing. The results demonstrate substantial equivalence of the subject APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing to the legally marketed predicate device. #### A. Design Verification Testing – Non-Clinical Bench Performance testing was conducted to support the APRO 70 Swift Catheter submission. The results of the design verification and validation testing confirm that the APRO 70 Swift Catheter conforms to the predefined specifications and performs as intended. Included in Table 2 is the description of bench performance tests that were conducted to support substantial equivalence determination. | Test | Acceptance Criteria | Conclusion | |-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Visual and Dimensional<br>Characteristics | Catheter meets the visual and dimensional<br>specifications.<br>Introducer Sheath meets the visual and<br>dimensional specifications. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met<br>the acceptance criteria.<br>The Introducer Sheath met the<br>acceptance criteria. | | Particulate | Catheter meets the acceptance criteria.<br>Subject device was evaluated with a<br>predicate device under the same test<br>conditions. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter<br>particulates were comparable to<br>the predicate device. | | Vacuum Integrity | Catheter is free from collapse and loss of<br>vacuum between aspiration source and<br>catheter tip. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter<br>met the acceptance criteria. | | Kink Resistance | Catheter shaft shall not kink at clinically<br>relevant radii. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met<br>the acceptance criteria. | | Catheter Hub Leakage | Catheter does not leak into hub assembly<br>during aspiration, with methods specified<br>in ISO 10555-1, Annex D. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met<br>the acceptance criteria. | | Hub Compatibility | Hub meets the requirements per EN ISO<br>80369-7. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met<br>the acceptance criteria. | | Catheter Torque Strength | Catheter must withstand the minimum<br>required number of rotations without<br>breakage and without kinking compared to<br>legally marketed devices. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met<br>the acceptance criteria. | #### Table 2 – Summary of Non-Clinical Bench Test Results {8}------------------------------------------------ | Test | Acceptance Criteria | Conclusion | |-----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Dynamic Burst Pressure | No damage to catheter with dynamic pressure. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Fluid Leakage | Catheter must withstand pressure with methods per ISO 10555-1 Annex C. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Static Burst | Catheter must withstand pressures anticipated for clinical use. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Tensile Strength of<br>Catheter Hub and Shaft | Catheter hub and shaft must meet tensile strength specification. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Tensile Strength of<br>Catheter Tip | Catheter tip must meet tip tensile strength specification. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Delivery and Retrieval<br>Force | Catheter delivery and retrieval force must be acceptable. Forces were compared to a predicate. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Tip Buckling Force | Catheter tip buckling force must be acceptable. Forces were compared to a predicate. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter met the acceptance criteria. | | Simulated Use including<br>Clot Retrieval | When used per the Instructions for Use with accessory devices in an anatomical neurovascular model, the Catheter and Aspiration Tubing must meet functionality specifications. Clot retrieval from various locations of the anatomical model was performed using the subject device system. | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing met the acceptance criteria. | ### B. Design Verification Testing - Animal Substantial equivalence was established based on non-clinical performance data. Animal data was not deemed necessary. #### C. Sterilization and Shelf-Life The APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing are sterilized using an ethylene oxide sterilization cycle that was verified to a sterility assurance level of 1 x 10° in accordance with ISO 11135. Aging studies for the APRO 70 Swift Catheter and Alembic Aspiration Tubing have established that the subject device and packaging remain functional for the labeled expiration date. Aging studies for packaging integrity, seal strength, and device functionality were performed and met the acceptance criteria. #### D. Biocompatibility Biocompatibility testing has been completed for the APRO 70 Swift Catheter as an externally communicating device with circulating blood contact for a limited (≤24 hours) duration in accordance with ISO 10993-1 and the FDA guidance, "Use of International Standard ISO 10993-1, "Biological evaluation of medical devices—Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process"." {9}------------------------------------------------ | Test | Results | Conclusions | |---------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------| | Sensitization<br>(Guinea Pig<br>Maximization) | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter did not elicit a<br>sensitization response. | Non-sensitizing | | Irritation/Intracutaneous<br>Reactivity | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter demonstrated no<br>evidence of irritation. | Non-irritant | | Cytotoxicity (MEM<br>Elution, L929 cells) | The APRO 70 Swift Catheter did not elicit a cytotoxic<br>response at 24 hours and 48 hours. | Non-cytotoxic | | Hemolysis – Indirect | There were no significant differences between the test<br>article extract and negative control article results. | Non-hemolytic | | Hemolysis - Direct | There were no differences between the hemolytic<br>index of the test article and the negative control. | Non-hemolytic | | Thrombogenicity - Partial<br>Thromboplastin<br>Time (PTT) | The average clotting time of the test article was<br>greater than vehicle control and negative control. | Acceptable clotting<br>times | | Thrombogenicity -<br>Platelet Leukocyte Count | The test article performed similar to comparator and<br>negative controls. | Non-thrombogenic | | Thrombogenicity -<br>Comparative Surface and<br>Geometry Assessment | Comparative surface assessment using 40X optical<br>microscopy at representative locations of the subject<br>device and the reference device APRO 70 Catheter did<br>not find any differences in roughness or presence of<br>any defects. The subject device has the same geometry<br>as the reference device APRO 70 Catheter. | Acceptable results | | SC5b9 Complement<br>Activation | The Sc5b9 concentration of the test article was<br>statistically less than the positive control and was not<br>statistically higher than the negative control. | Acceptable | | Acute Systemic Toxicity | No weight loss, mortality, or evidence of systemic<br>toxicity from the extract exposure to the mice. | Non-toxic | | Material-Mediated<br>Pyrogenicity | All individual rabbits for both the test article and<br>negative control showed a total rise in temperature of<br>< 0.5 ℃ and were determined to be nonpyrogenic. | Non-pyrogenic | #### Table 3 - Biocompatibility Test Results #### E. Clinical Testing Substantial equivalence was established based on non-clinical performance data. Human clinical data were not deemed necessary. #### 8) Conclusion Based on the comparison of the technological characteristics and the non-clinical testing, the subject device is found to be substantially equivalent to the predicate device. The differences in technological characteristics do not raise new questions of safety and effectiveness. Testing was conducted to demonstrate that the subject device meets the specifications and performs as intended.