745 fluoroscopic images (184 without hips, 561 with hips from 81 hips).
2 (people trained to use the software)
Femur region localization
Object detection AI/ML model
—
Head center X: +3.3%/-3.5%; Head center Y: +3.8%/-4.8%; Neck Angle: +13.63°/-15.35°
—
2 (people trained to use the software)
745 fluoroscopic images (184 without hips, 561 with hips from 81 hips).
2 (people trained to use the software)
Indications for Use
HipCheck assists the surgeon to determine quantitative measurements for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) procedures. HipCheck provides static localization information derived from image processing of intra-operatively acquired static fluoroscopic images, by superposition of virtual measurement tools onto those X-ray images for skeletally mature patients. HipMap FAI Analysis is a patient-specific report used to support surgeon or radiologist pre-operative clinical decision making. HipMap femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) Analysis provides a morphological analysis of a skeletally mature hip with potential FAI, including measurements and visualizations that describe hip impingement and stability.
Device Story
HipCheck is a software-based system for intra-operative measurement of alpha angle during hip arthroscopy and pre-operative morphological analysis (HipMap). Input: intra-operative static fluoroscopic X-ray images or pre-operative CT scans. Operation: software processes images to detect femoral head/neck, calculates alpha angle, and generates 3D surface reconstructions/reports. Output: virtual measurement tools superimposed on X-ray images; patient-specific 3D analysis reports. Used in surgical suites by surgeons and radiologists. The device assists in clinical decision-making for FAI procedures by providing quantitative morphological data, potentially improving surgical accuracy and patient outcomes. The system runs on a mobile touchscreen tablet or general-purpose computing platform.
Clinical Evidence
No human clinical testing conducted. Evidence consists of bench verification, design validation in simulated-use environments, and standalone performance testing of an AI/ML model. AI/ML model validated on 745 fluoroscopic images (561 hip images, 184 non-hip). Results: 90% lower bound of 97.5% for hip detection; high accuracy for femoral head center and neck angle localization. HipMap workflow validated via segmentation accuracy and reliability study comparing internal Stryker personnel against third-party personnel using cleared software.
Technological Characteristics
Software-based system; runs on Windows 10 touchscreen tablet or PC. Connectivity via Wireless/Ethernet. Image processing pipeline includes AI/ML model for femoral head detection. Complies with IEC 60601-1 (safety) and IEC 60601-1-2 (EMC). Non-patient contacting.
Indications for Use
Indicated for skeletally mature patients undergoing femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) procedures. Used by surgeons and radiologists for intra-operative alpha angle measurement and pre-operative morphological analysis of the hip.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, which is a blue square with the letters "FDA" in white. To the right of the blue square is the text "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue.
Stryker Corp. % Lucas Dan Staff Regulatory Affairs Specialist 5900 Optical Ct SAN JOSE CA 95138
Re: K230045
September 29, 2023
Trade/Device Name: HipCheck Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical image management and processing system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: QIH Dated: August 21, 2023 Received: August 21, 2023
Dear Lucas Dan:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
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Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30, Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90, Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
Jessica Lamb
Jessica Lamb, Ph.D. Assistant Director Imaging Software Team DHT8B: Division of Radiological Imaging Devices and Electronic Products OHT8: Office of Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
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## Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K230045
Device Name HipCheck
### Indications for Use (Describe)
HipCheck assists the surgeon to determine quantitative measurements for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) procedures. HipCheck provides static localization information derived from image processing of intra-operatively acquired static fluoroscopic images, by superposition of virtual measurement tools onto those X-ray images for skeletally mature patients.
HipMap FAI Analysis is a patient-specific report used to support surgeon or radiologist pre-operative clinical decision making. HipMap femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) Analysis provides a morphological analysis of a skeletally mature hip with potential FAI, including measurements and visualizations that describe hip impingement and stability.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) |
|-------------------------------------------------|
|-------------------------------------------------|
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the word "stryker" in a bold, sans-serif font. The word is all lowercase and black. The letters are closely spaced together, giving the word a solid, block-like appearance.
#### I. SUBMITTER
Stryker Endoscopy 5900 Optical Court San Jose, CA 95138
Phone: 303-931-2353 Email: lucas.dan@stryker.com
Contact Person: Lucas Dan Date Prepared: January 5th, 2023
#### II. DEVICE
Name of Device: HipCheck Common or Usual Name: HipCheck Classification Name: Picture Archiving and Communications System (21 CFR 892.2050) Regulatory Class: II Product Code: QIH
#### III. PREDICATE DEVICE
HipCheck, K182359 This predicate has not been subject to a design-related recall.
No reference devices were used in this submission.
#### IV. DEVICE DESCRIPTION
HipCheck enables the surgeon to intraoperatively measure alpha angle during hip arthroscopy procedures for femoroacetabular impingement. The software is provided to the user pre-installed on a mobile touchscreen tablet for which it has been tested for compatibility.
Alpha angle is a value used to indicate cam deformity of the femoral head, seen in patients presenting with femoroacetabular impingement. HipCheck provides a visualization tool for surgeons to determine the alpha angle intraoperatively, using virtual measurement tools superimposed on X-ray images collected during the procedure, which informs clinical decision making.
HipCheck is not patient contacting. The user is instructed to appropriately drape the tablet when used in the sterile field.
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Stryker HipMap FAI Analysis is a patient-specific report intended for use by surgeons or radiologists to support pre-operative clinical decision making by providing a morphological analysis of a skeletally mature hip with potential femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), including measurements and visualizations that describe hip impingement and stability. HipMap provides three-dimensional analyses, 3D surface reconstructions, and annotated images to support surgeons with pre-operative clinical decision-making.
#### V. INTENDED USE/INDICATIONS FOR USE STATEMENT
HipCheck assists the surgeon to determine quantitative measurements for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) procedures. HipCheck provides static localization information derived from image processing of intra-operatively acquired static fluoroscopic images, by superposition of virtual measurement tools onto those X-ray images for skeletally mature patients.
HipMap FAI Analysis is a patient-specific report used to support surgeon or radiologist preoperative clinical decision making. HipMap femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) Analysis provides a morphological analysis of a skeletally mature hip with potential FAI, including measurements and visualizations that describe hip impingement and stability.
| Characteristic | Subject Device<br>HipCheck<br>[K230045] | Predicate Device<br>HipCheck<br>[K182359] |
|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Intended<br>Use/Indications for Use<br>Statement | HipCheck assists the surgeon to<br>determine quantitative measurements<br>for femoroacetabular impingement<br>(FAI) procedures. HipCheck provides<br>static localization information derived<br>from image processing of intra-<br>operatively acquired static fluoroscopic<br>images, by superposition of virtual<br>measurement tools onto those X-ray<br>images for skeletally mature patients.<br><br>HipMap FAI Analysis is a patient-<br>specific report used to support surgeon<br>or radiologist pre-operative clinical<br>decision making. HipMap<br>femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)<br>Analysis provides a morphological<br>analysis of a skeletally mature hip with | HipCheck assists the surgeon to<br>determine quantitative measurements<br>during femoroacetabular impingement<br>procedures.<br><br>HipCheck provides static localization<br>information derived from image<br>processing of intra-operatively acquired<br>X-ray images, by superposition of virtual<br>measurement tools onto those X-ray<br>images. |
| | | |
| | potential FAI, including measurements and visualizations that describe hip impingement and stability. | |
| Product Code(s) | QIH | LLZ |
| Intended Patient<br>Population | Same as predicate. | Patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery. |
| Surgical Approach | Same as predicate. | Arthroscopic surgery, specifically<br>femoroacetabular impingement. |
| Intended Users | Same as predicate. | Surgeons and clinical staff. |
| Operational<br>Environment | Same as predicate. | Surgical suite. |
| Primary Device Function | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>Locate the femoral head and neck to determine the alpha angle using intra-operative X-ray images.<br><br><b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>Provide three-dimensional analyses, 3D surface reconstructions, and annotated images to support surgeons with pre-operative clinical decision-making. | Locate the femoral head and neck to determine the alpha angle using intra-operative X-ray images. |
| Main System<br>Components | Same as predicate. | Software |
| User Interface | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>Tablet<br><br><b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>General purpose computing platform and/or HipCheck tablet. | Tablet. |
| Body Contact and Use | Same as predicate. | N/A – Device does not have any patient contact. |
| Sterile, Single-use | Same as predicate. | N/A – Device is not provided sterile or as a single use product. |
| Design | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>- Workstation for viewing software<br>- Dedicated software for image processing and display of virtual measurement tools<br><br><b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>Interactive HTML report for viewing on general purpose computing platform and/or HipCheck tablet. | - Workstation for viewing software<br>- Dedicated software for image processing and display of virtual measurement tools |
| | | |
| Principles of Operation | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>Acquire intra-operative X-ray images,<br>process the images and display the<br>virtual measurement tools onto images. | Acquire intra-operative X-ray images,<br>process the images and display the<br>virtual measurement tools onto images. |
| | <b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>Process CT scan to create patient<br>specific report with three-dimensional<br>analyses, 3D surface reconstructions,<br>and annotated images. | |
| Function | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>Display on a tablet screen virtual<br>measurement tools in relationship to X-ray images. | Display on a tablet screen virtual<br>measurement tools in relationship to X-ray images. |
| | <b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>Display a patient-specific report on a<br>general purpose computing platform<br>and/or HipCheck tablet. | |
| Input Methods | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>- USB<br>- Stryker eRequest Platform (also<br>referred to as the HipMap Portal) | - USB |
| | <b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>- Stryker eRequest Platform (also<br>referred to as the HipMap Portal) | |
| Export Methods | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>- USB<br>- Stryker Health Cloud | - USB |
| | <b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>- Stryker eRequest Platform (also<br>referred to as the HipMap Portal) | |
| Image Processing | <b>HipCheck:</b><br>- Transfer X-ray images from C-arm to<br>computer platform<br>- Overlay virtual measurement tools<br>onto images | - Transfer X-ray images from C-arm to<br>computer platform<br>- Overlay virtual measurement tools<br>onto images |
| | <b>HipMap FAI Analysis:</b><br>- Generate three-dimensional analyses<br>and 3D surface reconstructions from<br>CT scan | |
| Femoral Head Detection<br>Workflow | Same as predicate. | - Extraction of the region of interest<br>- Extended Gabor filtering<br>- Binary edge detection and<br>classification<br>- Circular Hough transformation<br>- Feature point tracing<br>- RANSAC circle matching<br>- Target circle selection |
| Energy Source | Same as predicate. | No energy applied to the patient or<br>operating staff. |
| Software Level of<br>Concern | Same as predicate. | Moderate |
| Software Operating<br>Environment | HipCheck:<br>Programming language used is C/C++.<br>The operating system is Windows 10.<br>The hardware platform consists of a<br>microprocessor-controlled system,<br>based on a PC. | Programming language used is C/C++.<br>The operating system is Windows 8.1.<br>The hardware platform consists of a<br>microprocessor-controlled system,<br>based on a PC. |
| Compatible Hospital<br>Equipment | Same as predicate. | Compatible to 2D C-arms. |
#### VI. COMPARISON OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE PREDICATE DEVICE
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# stryker
## 510(k) Summary
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "stryker" in a bold, sans-serif font. The letters are all lowercase and connected, giving the word a modern and streamlined appearance. The color of the text is black, contrasting with the white background.
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## Discussion of Similarities and Differences
HipCheck version 1.5.6 contains three primary changes which are the subject of this 510(k). The first is a connectivity feature (Wireless and Ethernet) on the HipCheck tablet which allows for the secure importation and exportation of case data. The second is the change in operating system the HipCheck software runs on; HipCheck 1.5.6 utilizes the Windows 10 operating system whereas the predicate utilizes Windows 8. The third change is the inclusion of HipMap FAI Analysis.
Both the subject device and the predicate device share the core functionality to achieve visualization of the placement of virtual measurement tools for the determination of alpha angle. Updating to HipCheck version 1.5.6's Alpha Angle algorithm has been done to enhance capabilities of the algorithm on uncommon image types (i.e., corner cases) while maintaining consistent capabilities on other image types.
In addition to these changes, bug fixes, administrator tool updates, new troubleshooting features, and graphical user interface updates were implemented with the upgrade to HipCheck version 1.5.6. Differences between the subject device and predicate device's intended use, indications for use, and technological characteristics were evaluated through performance testing.
#### VII. PERFORMANCE DATA/NON-CLINICAL TESTING
Design yerification testing was performed on HipCheck due to the risk analysis and product requirements. Testing included software and bench verification testing, as well as design validation. Design validation testing was conducted in a simulated-use environment by surgeon and sales representative users. Users were successfully able to use the HipCheck as intended to determine the alpha angle and utilize the virtual measurement and visualization tools.
## Software testing
Software testing was conducted, and documentation provided, as recommended by FDA Guidance for Industry and Staff - Content of Premarket Submissions for Device Software Functions (June 2023). The software for this device was considered to be of Basic Documentation Level of concern since a failure or flaw of any device software function could not present a hazardous situation with a probable risk of death or serious injury either to a patient, user of the device, or others in the environment of use prior to the implementation of risk control measures.
{9}------------------------------------------------
## Mechanical testing
Mechanical functionality testing was leveraged from the predicate device, HipCheck (K182359), including the following to ensure the device design meets user needs in the environment of use:
- Battery life -
- Tablet weight -
- -Tablet securement and attachment force to evaluate the connection between the tablet and its docking interface on the compatible operating table mounting arm
- -User interface temperature and functionality at operating temperatures
- RF ablation interference -
- Mounting arm staying force -
- -Simulated-use testing
## Electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Electrical safety and EMC testing was conducted on the compatible touchscreen tablet that the HipCheck software is provided pre-installed on. The tablet complies with the IEC 60601-1 standard for safety and the IEC 60601-1-2 standard for EMC.
## Animal Study
No animal testing was conducted to determine the safety and effectiveness of HipCheck.
## Clinical Studies
No human clinical testing was conducted to determine the safety and effectiveness of HipCheck.
## HipCheck Design Testing
Design verification testing was performed on HipCheck due to the risk analysis and product requirements. Testing included bench verification and design validation testing. Design validation testing was conducted in a simulated-use environment by surgeon and sales representative users. Testing from the previously cleared HipCheck (K182359) was leveraged as appropriate. Users were successfully able to use the HipCheck as intended to determine the alpha angle and utilize the virtual measurement and visualization tools.
## Standalone Performance Testing
Stryker conducted standalone performance testing on an object detection AI/ML model that is a part of the image processing pipeline. The test dataset consists of 745 fluoroscopic images. 184 images did not contain images of hips and were used to test false positive
{10}------------------------------------------------
detection. 561 images were taken of 81 hips. Geographically, the images come from 6 clinical sites in the United States, Netherlands, and Germany representative of the intended use population. Numerous subgroups were evaluated to demonstrate the generalizability of the device across the dataset. Images were collected during product development cadaver labs or from anonymized log files from patients undergoing surgery with the use of HipCheck. The images were labeled using software for labeling the femur with the precise location of femoral head and neck. All images were tagged by two people trained to use the software. Testing was done against the average value of the two taggers. The test dataset was independent of the data used during model training and stored in a different accesscontrolled location.
The results of the standalone performance testing demonstrate the AI/ML model:
- Automatically detects the presence or absence of a hip (90% Lower Bound of -97.5%)
- -Finds the region of the image that contains the femur with high accuracy:
- Head center X coordinate is within +3.3%/-3.5 o
- Head center Y coordinate is within +3.8%/-4.8% o
- Neck Angle relative to vertical is within +13.63°/-15.35° O
Additionally, the performance was also validated for the following subgroups:
- Image Quality
- o Average
- o Good
- Alpha Angle
- o Low (<47.7°)
- Medium (47.7°-65.5°) o
- o High (>65.5°)
- Neck Width (as a ratio to Head Diameter) -
- Low (<0.63) O
- o Medium (0.63-0.73)
- High (>0.73) O
- Neck Length (as a ratio to Head Diameter)
- o Low (<0.386)
- Medium (0.386-0.465) o
- o High (>0.465)
- Hip Position
- 30° Internal Rotation, 0° Flexion o
- 0° Rotation, 0° Flexion O
- 30° External Rotation, 0° Flexion O
- 0° Rotation, 50° Flexion O
- 40° External Rotation, 50° Flexion O
- 60° External Rotation, 50° Flexion O
- Femoral Head Size (as a ratio to Image Size)
- O Low (<0.301)
{11}------------------------------------------------
- Medium (0.301-0.343) o
- O High (>0.343)
### HipMap Performance Testing
Stryker conducted a segmentation accuracy and reliability study using HipMap workflow software. It reviews the performance of Stryker personnel segmenting pelvic CT scans using HipMap workflow software against trained third-party personnel performing image segmentation of the same scans using 510(k) cleared software. It also reviews the reliability of segmentation between Stryker personnel, and the reliability of the HipMap FAI Analysis by comparing clinical measurement outputs generated from the third-party segmentation (external rater vs internal rater), Stryker employee segmentations (inter-rater reliability), and iterations of segmentations performed by the same Stryker employee (intra-rater reliability).
#### VIII. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the shared technological characteristics and intended use, HipCheck version 1.5.6 is substantially equivalent to the predicate, HipCheck (K182359). Differences between the subject and predicate devices' technological characteristics do not raise different questions of safety and effectiveness of HipCheck. The results of the non-clinical testing conducted supports the safety of the device and demonstrates that HipCheck performs as intended in the specified use conditions.
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Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.