The Portable Dental X-Ray (Model: NP-350E) is indicated for use only by a trained and qualified dentist or dental technician for both adult and pediatric subjects as an extraoral diagnostic dental X-ray source to produce X-ray images using intraoral image receptors.
Device Story
Portable, handheld dental X-ray source (Model: NP-350E) for use in dental offices or similar clinical environments. Device utilizes a DC generator powered by an internal rechargeable super capacitor. Operator selects exposure time via control panel; tube voltage (70kV) and current (3.5mA) are fixed. Device includes a beam-limiting cone and internal/external shielding for radiation protection. Operator aligns X-ray beam to intraoral receptor (film, digital sensor, or phosphor plate) placed in patient's mouth. Exposure initiated by pulling/holding trigger after unlocking device. System provides alarms/alerts to operator. Output is diagnostic quality X-ray images. Benefits include portability for clinical settings where stationary X-ray equipment is impractical.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Device performance validated against international standards including IEC 60601-1 (safety), IEC 60601-1-2 (EMC), IEC 60601-1-3 (radiation protection), IEC 60601-1-6 (usability), and IEC 60601-2-65 (dental X-ray performance). No clinical data presented.
Technological Characteristics
Handheld DC X-ray generator; 70kV/3.5mA fixed output; super capacitor energy source (14.5 VDC); beam-limiting cone; internal/external radiation shielding. Complies with IEC 60601-1, 60601-1-2, 60601-1-3, 60601-1-6, 60601-2-65, and IEC 62304/62366-1 standards.
Indications for Use
Indicated for adult and pediatric patients; used by trained dentists or dental technicians as an extraoral diagnostic dental X-ray source for producing images with intraoral receptors.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An extraoral source x-ray system is an AC-powered device that produces x-rays and is intended for dental radiographic examination and diagnosis of diseases of the teeth, jaw, and oral structures. The x-ray source (a tube) is located outside the mouth. This generic type of device may include patient and equipment supports and component parts.
Portable X-ray System (Model: MINIX-V / MINIX-S) (K152859)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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December 28, 2020
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NANORAY Co., Ltd. % Sanglok Lee Manager Wise Company Inc. #303, 142, Gasan digital 1-ro Geumcheon-gu. Seoul 08507 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Re: K201800
Trade/Device Name: Portable Dental X-ray (NR-F350, CS 2400P, CS 2300P, R2 Port-X) Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.1800 Regulation Name: Extraoral source x-ray system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: EHD Dated: November 20, 2020 Received: November 23, 2020
Dear Sanglok Lee:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part
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801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
For
Thalia T. Mills, Ph.D. Director Division of Radiological Health OHT7: Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K201800
Device Name Portable Dental X-Ray (NR-F350, CS 2400P, CS 2300P, R2 Port-X)
Indications for Use (Describe)
The Portable Dental X-Ray (Model: NP-350E) is indicated for use only by a trained and qualified dentist or dental technician for both adult and pediatric subjects as an extraoral diagnostic dental X-ray source to produce X-ray images using intraoral image receptors.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| <div> <span>☑</span> <span>Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)</span> </div> | <div> <span>☐</span> <span>Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)</span> </div> |
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "NANORAY" in large, bold, blue letters. The font is sans-serif and the letters are closely spaced together. The overall impression is one of strength and clarity due to the bold font and bright color.
## 510(k) Summary
## The assigned 510(k) Number: K201800
## 01. Date of Submission: December 24, 2020
#### 02. Applicant
Company name: NANORAY Co., Ltd. Address: #401,#402,#403,#408,#409, 76, Dongnae-ro, Dong-gu, Daequ, Republic of Korea TEL: +82-53-962-4900 FAX: +82-53-960-4902 Email: wonhyun.sung@nano-ray.com
## 03. Submission Correspondent
Sanglok, Lee Wise COMPANY Inc. #507, #508, 166 Gasan digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea TEL: +82 2 831 3615 FAX: +82 50 4031 3619 Email: info@wisecompany.org
#### 04. Subject Device
Proprietary Name: Portable Dental X-ray (NR-F350, CS 2400P, CS 2300P, R2 Port-X) Model Name: NP-350E Classification & Requlation Name: Extraoral source x-ray system Device Class: Class II Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.1800 Product Code: EHD
#### 05. Indication for Use
The Portable Dental X-Ray (Model: NP-350E) is indicated for use only by a trained and qualified dentist or dental technician for both adult and pediatric subjects as an extraoral diagnostic dental X-ray source to produce X-ray images using intraoral image receptors.
#### 06. Predicate Devices
#### Predicate Device
- 510(k) Number: K173319
- Device Name: KaVo NOMAD Pro 2 Handheld X-ray System
- Manufacturer: Aribex
- Requlation Number: 21 CFR 872.1800
- Regulation Name: Extraoral source x-ray system
- Regulatory Class: II
- Product Code: EHD
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "NANORAY" in large, bold, blue letters. The font is sans-serif and the letters are closely spaced together. The word is the main focus of the image and is set against a white background.
## Reference Device
- 510(k) Number: K152859
- Device Name: Portable X-ray System (Model: MINIX-V / MINIX-S)
- Manufacturer: Digimed Co., Ltd.
- Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.1800
- Regulation Name: Extraoral source x-ray system
- Regulatory Class: II
- Product Code: EHD
## 07. Device Description
Portable Dental X-ray (Model: NP-350E) is a super capacitor-operated, portable dental X-ray source designed for handheld operation. It is designed to produce diagnostic quality X-rays images utilizing either film or digital imaging techniques. The Portable Dental X-ray Device is designed for use in a dental office. It can also be used in other similar environments (orthodontic office, general practitioner's office, hospital ward, etc.) where appropriate safeguards are implemented. The device uses a rechargeable super capacitor to allow for the use of the Portable Dental X-ray Device where transportation or use of other x-ray devices might be prohibitive due to the other device's size and/or lack of mobility.
The Portable Dental X-ray Device is an X-ray device with a DC generator. The handheld device features a main unit (tube head), charger AC/DC power supply. The power is supplied by a rechargeable super capacitor built into a device. This facilitates portability of the device. A beam-limiting cone is incorporated within the device. Internal and external shielding provide sufficient radiation protection to allow the clinician to remain in the operatory with the patient.
To make the system as simple as possible for the operator, Portable Dental X-ray Device uses a fixed tube voltage of 70kV and a fixed tube current of 3.5mA. The only operator-adjustable parameter is the exposure time. This adjustment can be quickly accomplished through the user-friendly control panel.
Control buttons, display, and a trigger provide the primary operator interface. Exposures settings can be selected and displayed. Voltage (70 kV) and current (3.5 mA) are fixed with the exposure time varying based on patient type, detector type, and anatomical feature. Exposures can be completed using the trigger. The device can be used with three detector types: film, digital imaging intraoral sensors, and phosphor plates.
## 08. Principle of Operation / Mechanism of Action:
The Portable Dental X-ray (Model: NP-350E) is used like any other extraoral dental Xray source for intraoral application.
An image receptor, such as film, is placed in the patient's oral cavity behind the teeth.
The device is powered on, and the appropriate exposure time is set by the operator.
The operator should follow appropriate instructions to ensure proper alignment of the X-ray beam to the receptor, and proper positioning of the receptor in the patient's mouth.
To prevent inadvertent exposure to X-rays, the operator must first press the lock/unlock button to enable and then ready the device.
X-rays are initiated by pulling and holding the trigger on the handle for the exposure.
The system has numerous alarms and alerts to communicate with the operator.
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## 09. Non-Clinical Test Data:
Testing was performed in accordance with the following international standards:
- IEC 60601-1: 2005/ A1:2012 "Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance"
- IEC 60601-1-2:2014 "Medical electrical equipment - Part 1-2: General requirements for safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements and tests" - IEC 60601-1-3:2008/A1:2013 "Medical electromagnetic equipment- Part 1-3: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral Standard: Radiation protection in diagnostic Xrav equipment"
- IEC 60601-1-6:2010/A1:2013 "Medical electrical equipment - Part 1-6: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Usability"
- IEC 60601-2-65:2012/ A1:2017 "Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-65: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of dental intra-oral X-ray equipment"
- IEC 62304:2006/A1:2015 "Medical device software Software life cycle processes"
- IEC 62366-1:2015 "Medical devices – Application of usability engineering to medical devices"
## 10. Technological Characteristics:
Portable Dental X-ray (NR-F350, CS 2400P, CS 2300P, R2 Port-X) is substantially equivalent in virtually all aspects to the commercially available predicate device (K173319) and reference device (K152859) with respect to technical characteristics, intended use and principle of operation.
Additionally, Energy Source, of the KaVo NOMAD Pro 2 Handheld X-ray System relative to the predicate device and Portable X-ray System (Model: MINIX-V) relative to the reference device are same or very similar and, in the estimation of the manufacturer, do not raise new questions of safety and effectiveness relative to the predicate device.
| | Subject device | Predicate device | Reference device |
|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Property name | Portable Dental X-ray<br>Device | KaVo NOMAD Pro 2<br>Handheld X-Ray System | Portable X-ray System<br>(Model: MINIX-V / MINIX-<br>S) |
| 510(k) Number | Not assigned | K173319 | K152859 |
| Product Code | EHD | EHD | EHD |
| Picture | Image: Portable Dental X-ray Device | Image: KaVo NOMAD Pro 2 Handheld X-Ray System | Image: Portable X-ray System |
| Indication for use | The Portable Dental X-Ray<br>(Model: NP-350E) is<br>indicated for use only by a<br>trained and qualified<br>dentist or dental technician<br>for both adult and pediatric<br>subjects as an extraoral<br>diagnostic dental X-ray<br>source to produce X-ray | The KaVo NOMAD Pro 2<br>Handheld Xray System is<br>indicated for use only by a<br>trained and qualified<br>dentist or dental technician<br>for both adult and pediatric<br>subjects as an extraoral<br>diagnostic dental X-ray<br>source to produce X-ray | The Device is a diagnostic<br>X-ray system, which is<br>intended to be used by<br>trained and dental<br>technicians as an extra-<br>oral X-ray source for<br>producing diagnostic X-ray<br>images using intra-oral<br>image receptors. Its use is |
#### Table. Characteristics Comparison of Subject and Predicate Device
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "NANORAY" in large, bold, blue letters. The letters are slightly blurred, giving the image a soft focus. The word is presented in a simple, sans-serif font, and the overall design is clean and straightforward.
| | | images using intraoral<br>image receptors. | images using intraoral<br>image receptors. | intended for both adults<br>and pediatric subjects. |
|---------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| Technical<br>character<br>istic | Size: Body | 10.2" (L) x 10.1" (H) x 5.4"<br>(W) | 11"L x 10.5"H x 5.5"W | 4.8" (W) x 8.7"(D) x 5.3"(H) |
| | Weight | 4.2 lbs | 6.0 lbs. | 4.3 lbs. |
| | Source to<br>skin<br>distance | 20 cm | 21 cm | 20cm |
| | Cone<br>diameter | 8 cm | 6 cm | 5.5 cm |
| | Energy<br>Source | 14.5 VDC (Super<br>capacitor), 10EA | Rechargeable 21.6 V DC<br>Li-ion<br>battery core pack | Rechargeable 22.2 V DC<br>Lithium Polymer battery<br>pack |
| | Exposure<br>Time range | 0.06 - 1.0 second | 0.02 - 1.0 seconds in 0.01<br>increments | 0.01~2.0 seconds in 0.01<br>increments |
| | mA | 3.5mA | 2.5 mA fixed | 2 mA fixed |
| | kVp | 70kV | 60 kVp fixed | 70 kV fixed (MINIX V) |
| | Electrical Safety<br>Standards | IEC 60601-<br>1:2005/AMD1:2012 | AAMI ES60601-<br>1:2005/(R)2012 And<br>A1:2012 | IEC 60601-1 |
| | EMI Standards | IEC 60601-1-2:2014 | IEC60601-1-2 Ed. 4 | IEC60601-1-2 |
| | Performance<br>Standard | IEC60601- 1-<br>3:2008/AMD1:32013<br>IEC60601-2-<br>65:2012/AMD1:2017 | 21 CFR 1020.30, 1020.31;<br>IEC60601- 1-3; IEC60601-<br>2-65 | IEC 60601-1<br>IEC 60601-1-3<br>IEC 60601-2-65 |
## 11. Conclusion
Based on a comparison of indications for use, technological characteristics and performance data, the subject device, Portable Dental X-Ray (NR-F350, CS 2400P, CS 2300P, R2 Port-X) is deemed to be substantially equivalent to the predicate device.
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
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Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
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Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
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The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.