Real-world clinical data (unspecified source, likely retrospective clinical performance data)
The AF Detect study utilized real-world clinical data to validate the performance of the AF detection algorithm in the BIOMONITOR IIIm compared to the predicate BIOMONITOR III, specifically evaluating the impact of an additional ectopy rejection parameter.
AF detection; ectopy rejection; algorithm validation
Clinical Evidence
Study Design
Population
Comparator
Key Endpoints
AF Detect study; Retrospective analysis of real-world clinical data
Patients monitored with BIOMONITOR devices
Predicate BIOMONITOR III
Reduction of false AF snapshots
Indications for Use
The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm is indicated to detect the following cardiac arrhythmias: - atrial fibrillation - bradycardia - sudden rate drop - high ventricular rate (HVR) - asystole The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm is indicated for use in: - Patients with clinical syndromes or situations at increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias - Patients who experience transient symptoms that may suggest a cardiac arrhythmia The device has not been tested for and it is not intended for pediatric use.
Device Story
BIOMONITOR III/IIIm are programmable, subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitors. Devices sense subcutaneous ECGs (sECGs) via two integrated electrodes. They automatically record arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, asystole, sudden rate drop, high ventricular rate) or are patient-activated via Remote Assistant III during symptomatic episodes. Data and statistics are transmitted wirelessly to the BIOTRONIK Home Monitoring Service Center. Physicians review transmitted data to manage patients. The BIOMONITOR IIIm includes an updated AF detection algorithm with an additional parameter to reject ectopy-related patterns, reducing false AF snapshots. Devices are MR conditional (1.5T and 3.0T).
Clinical Evidence
No clinical performance data was submitted or relied upon. An AF Detect study using real-world clinical data was conducted to validate the improved AF detection algorithm in the BIOMONITOR IIIm, demonstrating reduced false AF snapshots compared to the predicate.
Technological Characteristics
Subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor; dimensions 47.5 x 8.3 x 4.3 mm (can); volume 1.9 cc; weight 4.0 g. Sensing principle: subcutaneous ECG (sECG) via two integrated electrodes. Connectivity: wireless transmission to Home Monitoring Service Center. MR conditional (1.5T and 3.0T). Testing performed per ISO/TS 10974:2018.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients at increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias or experiencing transient symptoms suggesting arrhythmia. Not for pediatric use.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
The arrhythmia detector and alarm device monitors an electrocardiogram and is designed to produce a visible or audible signal or alarm when atrial or ventricular arrhythmia, such as premature contraction or ventricular fibrillation, occurs.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). The guidance document entitled “Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Arrhythmia Detector and Alarm” will serve as the special control. See § 870.1 for the availability of this guidance document.
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, which is a blue square with the letters "FDA" in white. To the right of the blue square is the text "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue.
April 23, 2020
BIOTRONIK, Inc. Jon Brumbaugh Vice President, Regulatory Affairs and Compliance 6024 Jean Road Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035
Re: K200444
Trade/Device Name: BIOMONITOR III, BIOMONITOR IIIm Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.1025 Regulation Name: Arrhythmia Detector And Alarm (Including ST-Segment Measurement And Alarm) Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: MXD Dated: February 21, 2020 Received: February 24, 2020
Dear Jon Brumbaugh:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for
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devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
for
Jennifer Shih Assistant Director DHT2A: Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Diagnostics and Monitoring Devices OHT2: Office of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K200444
### Device Name BIOMONITOR III BIOMONITOR IIIm
Indications for Use (Describe)
The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm is indicated to detect the following cardiac arrhythmias:
- · atrial fibrillation
- bradycardia
- · sudden rate drop
- · high ventricular rate (HVR)
- · asystole
The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm is indicated for use in:
- · Patients with clinical syndromes or situations at increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias
- · Patients who experience transient symptoms that may suggest a cardiac arrhythmia
The device has not been tested for and it is not intended for pediatric use.
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
| Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for BIOTRONIK. The logo consists of the word "BIOTRONIK" in large, bold, dark blue letters, with a smaller, light blue circle containing the letters "BIO" to the left. Below the word "BIOTRONIK" is the phrase "excellence for life" in a smaller, light blue font.
## 510(k) Summary
### BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm, Implantable Cardiac Monitors
Traditional 510(k) Premarket Notification
- Submission Information 1.
Date prepared February 19, 2020
- Contact Jon Brumbaugh VP, Requlatory Affairs and Compliance BIOTRONIK, Inc. 6024 Jean Road Lake Oswego, OR 97035 Phone (888) 345-0374 jon.brumbaugh@biotronik.com
- Manufacturer BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG Woermannkehre 1, 12359 Berlin, Germany Registration number 9610139
#### Subject Devices 2.
- Trade Name BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm
- Common Name Implantable Cardiac Monitor
- Classification Name Recorder, Event, Implantable Cardiac (With Arrhythmia Detection)
- Classification Class II (21 CFR 870.1025)
- Product Code MXD
#### 3. Predicate Device
BIOTRONIK BIOMONITOR III, K190548, cleared July 5, 2019
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for BIOTRONIK. The logo consists of the letters "BIO" inside of a circle that is divided into quadrants. To the right of the circle is the word "BIOTRONIK" in large, bold, blue letters. Below the word "BIOTRONIK" is the phrase "excellence for life" in a smaller font.
#### 4. Device Descriptions
BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm are programmable, subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitors able to record subcutaneous ECGs (sECGs) and other physiological parameters.
The BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm are designed to automatically record the occurrence of arrhythmias in a patient. Arrhythmia may be classified as atrial fibrillation (AF), bradyarrhythmia, asystole, sudden rate drop, or high ventricular rate. In addition, the BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm can be activated by the patient using the Remote Assistant III to record cardiac rhythm during symptomatic episodes. BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm may be used with the current legally marketed BIOTRONIK Home Monitoring® technology, which is an automatic, wireless, remote monitoring system for management of patients with implantable cardiac monitors.
#### 5. Indications for Use
The indications for use for the BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm are identical to the predicate device.
The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm are indicated to detect the following cardiac arrhythmias:
- . atrial fibrillation
- bradycardia
- sudden rate drop
- . high ventricular rate (HVR)
- . asystole
The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm is indicated for:
- Patients with clinical syndromes or situations at increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias .
- . Patients who experience transient symptoms that may suggest a cardiac arrhythmia
The device has not been tested for and it is not intended for pediatric use.
#### Technological Characteristics 6.
The substantial equivalence claim between the subject and the predicate device is supported by the information included in the premarket notification. This includes the following information:
- . Description of the subiect and predicate devices
- . Intended use of the subject and predicate devices
- . Performance of the subject and predicate devices
- Technological characteristics of the subject and predicate devices
- . Validation testing
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Image /page/5/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for BIOTRONIK. The logo consists of a circular emblem with the letters "BIO" inside, followed by the word "BIOTRONIK" in bold, dark blue letters. Below the word "BIOTRONIK" is the tagline "excellence for life" in a smaller, lighter blue font.
| Technical Data | Predicate BIOMONITOR III | Updated BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm |
|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|
| FDA Clearance | K190548, Predicate | Subjects of this 510(k) |
| Indications | Patients with clinical syndromes or situations at increased<br>risk of cardiac arrhythmias<br>Patients who experience transient symptoms that may<br>suggest a cardiac arrhythmia<br>The device has not been tested for and it is not intended for<br>pediatric use | |
| Principle of Operation | The BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm senses<br>subcutaneous electrocardiograms (SECG) using two<br>integrated electrodes and has the capability of detecting a<br>number of arrhythmias. Like the predicate device,<br>BIOMONITOR III/BIOMONITOR IIIm sends recorded SECG<br>and statistics to the Home Monitoring Service Center. | |
| Dimensions (mm) | 47.5 x 8.3 x 4.3 (can) | |
| Length x Width x Height | 77.5 x 8.6 x 4.6 w/ lead | |
| Volume | 1.9 cc | |
| Weight | 4.0 g | |
| AT/AF | 40 s/episode<br>30 s prior auto activation<br>10 s post auto activation | |
| MR Conditional | Yes | |
## Table 1. Comparison of Updated BIOMONITOR III, BIOMONITOR IIIm and Predicate, BIOMONITOR III
#### 7. Non-Clinical Performance Data
The following performance data are provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination:
#### 7.1 AF Detect Study:
The basic AF detection algorithm in BIOMONITOR IIIm remains unchanged compared to the predicate BIOMONITOR III. In the BIOMONITOR IIIm device, the AF detection algorithm has been extended with an additional parameter to identify and reject specific patterns associated with ectopy rhythms. An AF Detect study was conducted and the results of the study demonstrate the substantial equivalence of BIOMONITOR IIIm and BIOMONITOR III utilizing real-world clinical data while the additional ectopy rejection parameter resulted in further improvement of the performance in terms of reduction of false AF snapshots.
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for BIOTRONIK. The logo consists of the letters "BIO" stacked on top of each other inside of a circle that is divided into quadrants. To the right of the circle is the word "BIOTRONIK" in large, bold, dark blue letters, and below that is the phrase "excellence for life" in smaller, light blue letters.
#### 7.2 Validation and Verification Testing:
The BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm have undergone thorough validation and verification testing to ensure final device functionality. The following categories of tests were performed and passed:
- Software Testing
- Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing ●
- . Mechanical Testing
- . Electrical Testing
#### 7.3 1.5T and 3.0T MRI Testing:
BIOTRONIK conducted validation testing according to the Joint Working Group's International Technical Specification for ISO/TS 10974: 2018.
#### Clinical Performance Data 8.
No clinical performance data was submitted or relied upon in support of the substantial equivalence determination.
#### 9. Conclusion
BIOTRONIK concludes that the Updated BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm are substantially equivalent to BIOTRONIK's predicate BIOMONITOR III. The subject BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm devices and the predicate BIOMONITOR III device use the same principles of operation, have similar device features, and there are no new issues of safety or effectiveness. The BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm devices keep the core software features and functionality as the predicate BIOMONITOR III with only a minor update to the AF Detection Algorithm for BIOMONITOR IIIm. The hardware design is similarly adapted from the predicate with the only significant difference being that the updated BIOMONITOR III and BIOMONITOR IIIm have an updated electronic module. These aspects of equivalence are confirmed by testing provided within the application.
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.