The Astroid Planning App is an interactive end user application that leverages the existing .decimal Astroid Dosimetry App library [FDA 510(k) K150547] of functions (accessed through the Thinknode® cloud services framework) for device creation, dose calculation, optimization, and many other purposes, for the intended use and primary purpose of enabling radiotherapy professionals to efficiently design and analyze proton radiotherapy treatment plans.
Device Story
Astroid Planning App is an interactive user interface for proton radiotherapy treatment planning. It functions as a front-end for the .decimal Astroid Dosimetry App (K150547), which resides on the Thinknode cloud services framework. Users import patient imaging/contouring data, manage prescriptions, and design treatment plans. The app sends calculation requests to the cloud-based Dosimetry App, which performs dose calculations, optimization, and processing. The Planning App provides visualization tools and record-keeping services for the resulting data. It is intended for use by radiotherapy professionals in clinical settings. The output allows clinicians to evaluate treatment plan quality against physician goals. By facilitating efficient plan design and analysis, the device supports the delivery of proton radiation therapy for cancer patients.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only. Validation included clinically oriented test cases, comparison of proton dose calculations against experimental and analytical datasets, usability testing of system displays, and end-to-end planning process testing compared to predicate devices.
Technological Characteristics
Interactive software application; cloud-based architecture utilizing Thinknode framework; interfaces with external dosimetry calculation library (Astroid Dosimetry App, K150547). Provides visualization, data management, and user interface controls for proton radiotherapy planning.
Indications for Use
Indicated for the treatment of persons with cancer, over a wide range of potential disease locations. Used by radiotherapy professionals to import patient data, manage physician prescriptions, develop proton treatment plans, and analyze plan quality.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.
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.decimal, LLC. % Kevin Erhart, Ph.D. Chief Technology Officer 121 Central Park Place SANFORD FL 32771
May 15, 2018
Re: K173940
Trade/Device Name: Astroid Planning App Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.5050 Regulation Name: Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: MUJ Dated: April 18, 2018 Received: April 19, 2018
Dear Dr. Erhart:
We have reviewed vour Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
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Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website
(http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
Michael D. O'Hara
Robert Ochs, Ph.D. Director Division of Radiological Health Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K173940
Device Name Astroid Planning App
#### Indications for Use (Describe)
The Astroid Planning App is an interactive end user application for proton treatment planning for the intended use and primary purpose of enabling radiotherapy professionals to efficiently design and analyze proton radiotherapy treatment plans. This Astroid Planning App leverages the existing .decimal Astroid Dosimetry App [FDA 510(k) K150547), which is a library of treatment planning functions accessed through the Thinknode® cloud services framework, for device creation, dose calculation, optimization, and all other dosimetry and processing calculations. Since the Astroid Dosimetry App is responsible for performing the calculations, the scope of this Astroid Planning App is to be the user interface for end users to input treatment planning data and review the results. Typical indications for the treatment of persons with cancer, over a wide range of potential disease locations. In the most common use case of the software, users will import patient data from existing imaging software programs, manage physician prescription and intent information, develop a proton treatment plan, and analyze the plan to determine how well it meets the physician's goals. Since the critical treatment planning functions are handled outside this software application, by a software of known quality and pedigree, the primary and most frequently used functions of this software are the record keeping service (for patient data storage), user interface controls, and visualization tools.
Furthermore, since the accuracy of information computed and displayed by an application such as this is very important to the proper treatment of patients, it is critical that users have the appropriate educational and clinical experience backgrounds to adequately understand and use the product. Additionally, since each radiotherapy treatment machine produces a unique beam of radiation, there is much responsibility on the end users to adequately commission and test this software over the full range of expected treatment conditions before the system is utilized for patient treatment.
Type of Use (*Select one or both, as applicable*)
| <span> <span style="font-size: 16px;">☑</span> Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) </span> | <span> <span style="font-size: 16px;">☐</span> Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) </span> |
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Section 5 510(k) Summary
Section 807.87 (h) A 510(k) Summary as described in Section 807.92
# Premarket Notification [510(k)] Summary as required by 21 CFR 807.92
# Date summary was prepared:
November 2, 2017
# Submitter's Name:
.decimal, LLC. 121 Central Park PL Sanford, Florida 32771
## Contact Person:
Kevin Erhart Chief Technology Officer Phone: 407-330-3300 407-322-7546 Fax: Email:kerhart@dotdecimal.com
## Device Name:
Astroid Planning App
# Classification Name:
MUJ 21 CFR 892.5050 Medical charged-particle radiation therapy systems Class II
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# Device Description:
The primary purpose of the Astroid Planning App device is for facilitating the planning and analysis of proton radiation therapy treatments. The Astroid Planning App device is an interactive end user application in which the user interacts with the interface to perform proton treatment planning tasks. The data constructed in the Astroid Planning App device will be used as inputs to the Astroid Dosimetry App device [FDA 510(k) K150547], which is the foundational proton dosimetry calculation library that contains all algorithms and calculation processing for the proton treatment planning. The Astroid Planning App device composes and otherwise constructs the calculation requests required for the development of the proton treatment plan, leveraging the functions externally located in the Astroid Dosimetry App to then perform the requested calculations.
## Predicate Device(s):
Eclipse Treatment Planning System K172163 RayStation 4.0.2 K140187
#### Intended Use:
The Astroid Planning App is an interactive end user application that leverages the existing .decimal Astroid Dosimetry App library [FDA 510(k) K150547] of functions (accessed through the Thinknode® cloud services framework) for device creation, dose calculation, optimization, and many other purposes, for the intended use and primary purpose of enabling radiotherapy professionals to efficiently design and analyze proton radiotherapy treatment plans.
## Indications for Use:
Typical indications for use are for the treatment of persons with cancer, over a wide range of potential disease locations. In the most common use case of the software, users will import patient data from existing imaging and contouring software programs, manage physician prescription and intent information, develop a proton treatment plan, and analyze the plan to determine how well it meets the physician's goals. Since the critical treatment planning functions and calculations are handled outside this software application, by a software of known quality and pedigree, the primary and most frequently used functions of this software are the record keeping service (for patient data storage via Thinknode), user interface controls, and visualization tools.
Furthermore, since the accuracy of information computed and displayed by an application such as this is very important to the proper treatment of patients, it is critical that users have the appropriate educational and clinical experience backgrounds to adequately understand and use the product. Additionally, since each radiotherapy treatment machine produces a unique beam of radiation, there is much responsibility on the end users to adequately commission and test this software over the full range of expected treatment conditions, as per industry standards and regulatory requirements, before the system is utilized for patient treatment.
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# Summary of Technological Characteristics:
The Astroid Planning App technology is substantially equivalent to both the listed predicate devices. The Astroid Planning App. Eclipse TPS, and RayStation 4.0.2 all provide users with tools to calculate, analyze, and otherwise compare potential treatment plans for proton radiation therapy courses. All three systems include display windows for visualizing patient images, contoured structures, dose calculation results, and dose summary statistics. Unlike the other two predicate systems, the Astroid Planning App leverages a separate library for dose calculation and other radiotherapy calculations [Astroid Dosimetry App, FDA 510(k) K150547], however, this does not detract from the point that the proton treatment planning features contained within all three systems are substantially equivalent in terms of technology, intended uses, and end user profiles.
# Summary of Non-Clinical Testing:
Clinical testing was not performed as part of the development of this product. Clinical testing is not advantageous in demonstrating substantial equivalence or safety and effectiveness of the device since testing can be performed such that no human subjects are exposed to risk. Clinically oriented validation test cases were written and executed by .decimal personnel and hospital-based testing partners. Validation tests comparing results of proton dose calculations, with the inclusion of all applicable treatment delivery devices, to experimental and analytical datasets were performed. Additional verification and validation tests were also performed for all other functions available for external use through the system. Usability testing, including analysis of all system displays and user options were also completed. Plan quality studies and full end-to-end testing of the entire planning process as compared to the predicate devices was also completed. These tests show that the Astroid Planning App performed as well as the predicate devices and that the Astroid Planning App is deemed safe and effective for clinical use when properly commissioned for a proton treatment machine.
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
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Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.