rainbow™ LS Block can be used for manufacturing Crown, Veneer, Inlay and Onlay.
Device Story
rainbow™ LS Block is a lithium disilicate-based dental ceramic; supplied as preformed blocks (C-type or disk type). Device is milled into tooth cores using CAD/CAM systems; subsequently fired in a furnace to harden the material (Li2Si2O3). Finished cores are layered with porcelain to create final dental restorations. Used in dental clinics/laboratories by dental professionals. Output is a custom-fabricated dental restoration (crown, veneer, inlay, onlay). Benefits include restoration of tooth structure and function. Device is non-sterile.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided. Performance evaluated against ISO 6872:2008 standards, including visual inspection, dimensional accuracy, uniformity, radioactivity (<0.00628 Bq/g), chemical solubility (12 µg/cm²), flexural strength (370 MPa), linear thermal expansion, and glass transition temperature. Biocompatibility testing performed per ISO 10993 (cytotoxicity, sensitization, oral mucosa irritation, acute systemic toxicity, genotoxicity) confirmed non-toxic and non-sensitizing properties.
Technological Characteristics
Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (SiO2, Li2CO3, Ca3(PO4)2, P2O5, ZnO, Al2O3, La2O3, K2CO3, ZrO2). Form: Preformed blocks (C-type, disk). Type II, Class 2 dental ceramic. Flexural strength: 370 MPa. Linear thermal expansion: 10.3±0.5 x 10⁻⁶K⁻¹. Glass transition temperature: 579±20 °C. Non-sterile. Complies with ISO 6872:2008.
Indications for Use
Indicated for the manufacturing of dental crowns, veneers, inlays, and onlays in patients requiring restorative dental procedures.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
Porcelain powder for clinical use is a device consisting of a mixture of kaolin, felspar, quartz, or other substances intended for use in the production of artificial teeth in fixed or removable dentures, of jacket crowns, facings, and veneers. The device is used in prosthetic dentistry by heating the powder mixture to a high temperature in an oven to produce a hard prosthesis with a glass-like finish.
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Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
July 21, 2016
GENOSS Co., Ltd. % Kim Byungsun Assistant Manager ICT America, Inc. 180 Sylvan Avenue, 2nd Floor Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey 07632
Re: K160144
Trade/Device Name: rainbow™ LS Block Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.6660 Regulation Name: Porcelain Powder For Clinical Use Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: EIH Dated: June 13, 2016 Received: June 15, 2016
Dear Kim Byungsun:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration. listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical devicerelated adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in
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the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
# Michael J. Ryan -S
for Erin I. Keith, M.S. Director Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Respiratory, Infection Control. and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The letters "GENO" are in a dark green color, while the letters "SS" are in a lighter green color. The font is bold and sans-serif.
# Indication for use
510(k) Number:
Device Name: rainbow™ LS Block
Indication for use:
rainbow™ LS Block can be used for manufacturing Crown, Veneer, Inlay and Onlay.
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
## (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE OF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Indication for use
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image contains the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The first three letters, "GEN", are in a dark green color, while the last three letters, "OSS", are in a lighter green color. The letters "OSS" are connected by a green line that runs underneath them.
# 510(k) Summary
03/28/2016
## 1. Company
| | Submitter |
|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Name | GENOSS Co., Ltd. |
| Address | 1F, Gyeonggi R&DB Center / 226, 2F, GSBC, 105<br>Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea |
| Phone/Fax | +82-31-888-5100/ +82-31-888-5595 |
| Contact person | Han Yein / RA<br>yihan@genoss.com |
| Summary Date | 03/28/2016 |
#### 2. Device Name
| Proprietary name | : rainbow TM LS Block |
|---------------------|-------------------------------------|
| Regulation number | : 21 CFR 872.6660 |
| Classification name | : Porcelain powder for clinical use |
| Product code | : EIH |
| Device class | : Class II |
#### 3. Predicated Device
K051705 IPS e.max CAD
#### 4. Description
rainbow™ LS Block is a dental ceramic made out of Lithium disilicate. rainbow™ LS Block is milled into cores of teeth and then is fired in a furnace to harden the Li2Si2O3. Then, the core is layered with porcelain to make a finished tooth.
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The letters "GENO" are in a dark green color, while the letters "SS" are in a lighter green color. The font is bold and slightly rounded, giving the word a modern and professional look.
## 5. Indication for use
rainbow™ LS Block can be used for manufacturing Crown, Veneer, Inlay and Onlay.
# 6. Technological Characteristics
rainbow™ LS Block has the similar technological characteristics as the predicate device; main material, indication for use and design. Technological characteristics of rainbow™ LS Block, IPS e.max CAD is as following
| Device name | rainbow™ LS Block | IPS e.max CAD | Comparison | |
|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|
| Manufacturer | Genoss Co., Ltd. | ivoclar vivadent | N/A | |
| 510(k) Number | New Device | K051705 | N/A | |
| Materials | SiO2, Li2CO3, Ca3(PO4)2,<br>P2O5, ZnO, Al2O3, La2O3,<br>K2CO3, ZrO2 | SiO2, Li2O, K2O, MgO,<br>ZnO, Al2O3, P2O5, ZrO2 | Similar<br>The major materials of<br>lithium disilicate dental<br>ceramic(subject and<br>predicate device) are SiO2<br>and Li2O.<br>The each composition<br>of other materials is<br>less than 5%. | |
| Form | Preformed block | Preformed block | Same | |
| Type, class of<br>dental ceramic | Type II - Class 2 | Type II - Class 2 | Same | |
| Sterilization | Non-sterile | Non-sterile | Same | |
| Indication for use | rainbow™ LS Block can<br>be used for manufacturing<br>Crown, Veneer, Inlay and<br>Onlay. | IPS e.max CAD is a<br>CAD/CAM machinable<br>glass ceramic based on<br>lithium disilicate for the<br>preparation of full ceramic<br>crowns, inlays, onlays, and<br>full ceramic 3-unit anterior<br>bridges. | Similar<br>The subject has more<br>strong bending strength<br>than the predicate devices.<br>Subject not intended for<br>anterior bridges. | |
| Use | Prescription | Prescription | Same | |
| Technical characteristics | | | | |
| Bending Strength<br>(Flexural strength) | 370MPa | 360MPa | Similar<br>Bending strength is<br>little higher than predicate<br>device but there is no<br>difference in performance<br>and safety. | |
| Linear Thermal<br>expansion<br>( $10^{-6}K^{-1}$ ) | 10.3±0.5 | 10.45 | Same | |
| Radioactivity<br>(Bq/g) | 0.00628 | <0.03 | Radioactivity is lower than<br>predicate device | |
| Chemical Solubility<br>( $\mu g/cm^2$ ) | 12 | 40 | Chemical solubility<br>satisfies requirement by<br>ISO 6872:2008 for<br>Class 2 dental ceramics.<br>(< 100 $\mu g/cm^2$ ) | |
| Glass transition<br>temperature | (579±20) °C | approx. 549 °C | Similar<br>Glass transition<br>temperature of the subject<br>and predicate device are<br>similar. Each have<br>individual sintering<br>schedule by glass<br>transition temperature. | |
| Biocompatibility | None cytotoxicity<br>None sensitization<br>None systemic toxicity<br>None acute oral toxicity<br>None genotoxicity | None cytotoxicity<br>None sensitization<br>None systemic toxicity<br>None acute oral toxicity<br>None genotoxicity | same | |
| Shapes<br>& Sizes | C-type<br>Image: C-type | Width 8.0~15.5mm<br>Length 8.0~15.5mm<br>Height 15.0~40mm | Width 12.5~15.85mm<br>Length 10.4~17.85mm<br>Height 15.0~38.95mm | Similar |
| | Disk type<br>Image: Disk type | Width 15, 20mm<br>Length 22mm<br>Height 3, 5, 7, 9mm | Width 12.5~15.85mm<br>Length 10.4~17.85mm<br>Height 15.0~38.95mm | |
510(k) Summary
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Image /page/5/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The first three letters, "GEN", are in a dark green color. The last three letters, "OSS", are in a lighter green color and are connected by a line at the bottom.
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The letters "GEN" are in a dark green color, while the letters "OSS" are in a lighter green color. The letters are connected to each other, and the overall design is modern and eye-catching.
#### 7. Performance Data
Biocompatibility testing on the proposed rainbow™ LS Block has been completed. Requirements for biological evaluation of the proposed device were based on FDA recognized consensus standard of ISO10993, "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices, Part 1: Evaluation and Testing." The biocompatibility test results show that the materials used in the design and manufacture of the components of the proposed device are non-toxic and nonsensitizing to biological bone and tissues with its intended use. The following biocompatibility tests were completed:
| No. | Items | Criteria | Result | Standard |
|-----|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------|
| 1 | Cytotoxicity | None cytotoxicity | None cytotoxicity | ISO 10993-5 |
| 2 | Sensitization<br>(Local Lymph Node Assay) | None sensitization | None sensitization | ISO 10993-10 |
| 3 | Oral mucosa irritation | Less than stimulus<br>threshold | Minimal irritation | ISO 10993-10 |
| 4 | Acute systemic toxicity | None acute Systemic<br>toxicity | None acute Systemic<br>toxicity | ISO 10993-11 |
| 5 | Genotoxicity<br>Ames<br>Micronucleus | None genotoxicity | None genotoxicity | ISO 10993-3<br>ISO 10993-3 |
The proposed rainbow™ LS Block was evaluated using the following performance bench testing to confirm the performance characteristics:
| No. | Items | Criteria | Result | Standard |
|-----|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|
| 1 | Visual | No impurities<br>and No specific changes | No impurities<br>and No specific changes | ISO 6872 |
| 2 | Size | Size error of;<br>Standard Size < ±5% | (C-type) Size error of;<br>Standard Size < ±5%<br>W 0.03%, L 3.90%,<br>H 0.21% | ISO 6872 |
| | | | (Disk type) Size error of;<br>Standard Size < ±5%<br>W 3.42%, L2.36%<br>H 0.07% | |
| 3 | Package | No damage | No damage | ISO 6872 |
| 4 | Uniformity | Uniform | Uniform | ISO 6872 |
| 5 | Freedom from<br>extraneous materials | Not Freedom from<br>extraneous materials | Not Freedom from<br>extraneous materials | ISO 6872 |
| 6 | Radioactivity | 238U Less than 1.0 Bq/g | 238U: < 0.00628Bq/g | ISO 6872 |
| 7 | Chemical solubility | Less than 100 $ \mu $ g/cm² | Solubility: 12 $ \mu $ g/cm² | ISO 6872 |
| 8 | Flexural strength | More than 100MPa | Average: 370MPa | ISO 6872 |
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Image /page/7/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "GENOSS" in a stylized font. The letters "GENO" are in a dark green color, while the letters "SS" are in a lighter green color. The font is bold and slightly italicized, giving the word a dynamic appearance.
| | Linear thermal<br>expansion | $9.95(\pm0.5) X 10^{-6}K^{-1}$ | Average: $9.95 X 10^{-6}K^{-1}$ | ISO 6872 |
|----|---------------------------------|--------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------|
| 9 | | | | |
| 10 | Glass-transition<br>temperature | Less than $579\pm20$ °C | 579 °C | ISO 6872 |
All test results demonstrate that the materials chosen, the manufacturing process, and the design utilized for the rainbow™ LS Block met the established specifications necessary for consistent performance according to its intended use.
#### 7. Conclusion
Based on the information provided in this premarket notification of GENOSS Co., Ltd. Concludes that rainbow™ LS Block is acceptable and substantially equivalent to predicate devices
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Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
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Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
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Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
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Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
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The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.