The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray Imaging System is intended for use in generating radiographic images of human anatomy by a qualified/trained doctor or technician. This device is not intended for mammographic applications.
Device Story
Mobile X-ray system; captures radiographic images of human anatomy. Components: high voltage generator, X-ray tube, collimator, detector, DAP, barcode scanner. X-rays pass through patient; detector converts to electrical signals; signal processing device performs amplification and digital conversion; operation software saves as DICOM files. Images transmitted to PACS server for radiologist review. Used in clinical settings by physicians or technicians. Benefits: provides diagnostic imaging capabilities in a mobile format.
Clinical Evidence
Clinical images provided to support system performance. Images evaluated by a board-certified radiologist and found equivalent to the predicate device. Non-clinical data included MTF and DQE measurements per IEC 62220-1, showing no difference from the predicate.
Technological Characteristics
Mobile X-ray system; High Frequency generator (32kW/40kW); 40-150kVp range; 10-500mA range. Detectors: CsI, indirect, 140um pixel pitch. Connectivity: Wired/Wireless. Standards: ES 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-2, IEC 60601-1-3, IEC 60601-2-28, IEC 60601-2-54, ISO 14971, 21 CFR 1020.30/31.
Indications for Use
Indicated for generating radiographic images of human anatomy. Intended for use by qualified/trained doctors or technicians. Not for mammographic applications.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A mobile x-ray system is a transportable device system intended to be used to generate and control x-ray for diagnostic procedures. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, component parts, and accessories.
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Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo features a stylized eagle with three heads facing to the right. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" is arranged in a circular pattern around the eagle.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
February 19, 2015
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. % Chulsin Kim Regulatory Affairs Manager 129, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-742 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Re: K150097
Trade/Device Name: GM60A-32S & GM60A-40S Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1720 Regulation Name: Mobile x-ray system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: IZL Dated: January 14, 2015 Received: January 20, 2015
Dear Chulsin Kim:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug. and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
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If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638 2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
Robert A Ochs
Robert Ochs, Ph.D. Acting Director Division of Radiological Health Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration
## Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known)
K150097
Device Name GM60A-32S & GM60A-40S
Indications for Use (Describe)
The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray Imaging System is intended for use in generating radiographic images of human anatomy by a qualified/trained doctor or technician. This device is not intended for mammographic applications.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | | | |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|
| X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) | | Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) | |
| | | CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED. | |
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"An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB number."
Form Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Samsung logo. The word "SAMSUNG" is written in white, bold letters. The word is placed on a blue, oval background that is tilted slightly.
510(k) Premarket Notification - Traditional
## Section 5: 510(k) Summary
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is being submitted accordance with requirements of 21 CFR 807.92
- 1. Date: January 14, 2015
- Submitter 2.
- A. Company Name: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co., Ltd.
- B. Address: 129, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 443-742, Republic of Korea
#### Primary Contact Person 3.
- A. Name: KIM, CHULSIN
- B. Title: Regulatory Affairs Manager
- C. Phone Number: +82-31-200-7661
- D. FAX Number: +82-31-200-1199 E-Mail: chulsin.kim@samsung.com
#### Secondary Contact Person 4.
- A. Name: Ninad Gujar
- B. Title: Regulatory Affairs Manager
- C. Phone Number: 978-564-8503
- D. FAX Number: 978-750-6677
E-Mail: ngujar@samsungneurologica.com
#### 5. Identification Device
- A. Trade Name: GM60A
- B. Device Name: GM60A-32S, GM60A-40S
- C. Common Name: Digital Diagnostic Mobile X-ray System
- D. Classification Name: Mobile X-ray System
- ட். Product Code: IZL
- F. Regulation: 21 CFR 892.1720
#### Predicate Device 6.
- A. Manufacturer: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co., Ltd.
- B. Trade Name: GM60A
- C. Device Name: GM60A-32S, GM60A-40S
- D. Classification Name: Mobile X-ray system
- E. Product Code: IZL
- F. 510(k) Number: K142492
- G. 510(k) Decision Date: December 17, 2014
#### Device Description 7.
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Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Samsung logo. The word "SAMSUNG" is written in white, bold letters against a blue background. The logo is simple and recognizable.
### 510(k) Premarket Notification - Traditional
The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray imaging system consists of High voltage generator (HVG), Xray tube, Collimator, Detector, DAP and Barcode scanner.
This system is used to capture images by transmitting X-ray to a patient's body.
The X-ray passing through a patient's body is sent to the detector and then converted into electrical signals. These signals go through the process of amplification and digital data conversion in the signal process device before being sent to the operation software and saved in DICOM file, a standard for medical imaging. The captured images are sent to the Picture Archiving & Communication System (PACS) server, and can be used for reading images.
- 8. Intended Use
The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray Imaging System is intended for use in generating radiographic images of human anatomy by a qualified/trained doctor or technician. This device is not intended for mammographic applications.
### 9. Summary of Substantial Equivalence Discussion
The proposed GM60A adds a new detector (S3025-W) to the predicate device GM60A (K142492), and it has same materials, energy source or technological characteristics compare to the predicate device. The S3025-W detector has same pixel pitch and resolution from those detectors (S4343-W & S4335-W) used for the predicate device, and has just in differences of size. Comparisons of the following technological characteristics were assessed and the results demonstrate the substantial equivalence to the predicates.
| Specification | Proposed Device | Predicate Device | Discussion |
|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
| Device Name | GM60A | GM60A | |
| Manufacturer | SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS | SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS | |
| 510(k) Number | N/A | K142492 | |
| Appearances | Image: Proposed Device Appearance | Image: Predicate Device Appearance | Same |
| Intended Use | The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray Imaging<br>System is intended for use in generating<br>radiographic images of human anatomy by<br>a qualified/trained doctor or technician.<br>This device is not intended for<br>mammographic applications. | The GM60A Digital Mobile X-ray Imaging<br>System is intended for use in generating<br>radiographic images of human anatomy by<br>a qualified/trained doctor or technician.<br>This device is not intended for<br>mammographic applications. | Same |
| Manufacturer Contents | GM60A | GM60A(K142492) | Discussion | |
|-----------------------|-------------------|----------------|--------------|------|
| (1)High | Voltage Generator | | | |
| Type | High Frequency | High Frequency | Same | |
| Max. Power | 32kW / 40kW | 32kW / 40kW | Same | |
| Output<br>RANGE | kVp Range | 40 to 150kVp | 40 to 150kVp | Same |
| | mA Range | 10 to 500mA | 10 to 500mA | Same |
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Image /page/5/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Samsung logo. The word "SAMSUNG" is written in white, bold letters. The background is a blue, rounded rectangle.
510(k) Premarket Notification - Traditional
| Manufacturer | Contents | GM60A | GM60A(K142492) | Discussion |
|--------------|---------------|-------------|----------------|------------|
| | Exposure Time | 1msec-10sec | 1msec-10sec | Same |
| Manufacturer Contents | GM60A | GM60A(K142492) | Discussion | |
|-----------------------|-----------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|------|
| (2)Tube assembly | | | | |
| Moving<br>Range | Horizontal | 700~1250 | 700~1250 | Same |
| | Vertical | 550~2020 / 550~1890(Option) | 550~2020 / 550~1890(Option) | Same |
| Rotation<br>Range | Column | $\pm$ 315° | $\pm$ 315° | Same |
| | Tube(Arm axis) | $\pm$ 180° | $\pm$ 180° | Same |
| | Tube(Tube axis) | -30°~90° | -30°~90° | Same |
| Collimator | | RALCO R221 DHHS | RALCO R221 DHHS | Same |
| Manufacturer<br>Contents | GM60A | GM60A(K142492) | | Discussion |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------|
| (3) Detectors<br>*NOTE: S3025-W detector as an option is added in the list of detectors that are S4335-W, S4343-W (cleared with K142492). | | | | |
| Name | S4335-W | S4343-W | S3025-W | Different(1) |
| Detector Type | Csl | Csl | Csl | Same |
| | Indirect | Indirect | Indirect | Same |
| Detector Area | 14"X17"<br>(345mmX425mm) | 17"X17"<br>(425mmX425mm) | 10"X12"<br>(245mmX295mm) | Different(2) |
| Number of pixels | 2466X3040 | 3036X3040 | 1750X2108 | |
| Pixel Pitch(um) | 140 | 140 | 140 | Same |
| High Contrast<br>Limiting Resolution<br>(LP/mm) | 3.57 | 3.57 | 3.57 | Same |
| Communication | Wired /<br>Wireless | Wired /<br>Wireless | Wired /<br>Wireless | Same |
| (4) Grid | | | | |
| Lines/cm | 84.6 | | | Same |
| Grid mechanism | Stationary | | | Same |
| Removability | Removable | | | Same |
| Note | Differences | Explanation |
|------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| (1) | New detector,S3025-W, is<br>included | Small size of new detector, S3025-W is included as an option. |
| (2) | Detector area is different from<br>those of predicate device also<br>number of pixels. | Detector area and number of pixels are different from those of<br>predicate device but new detector has same technical<br>characteristics, pixel pitch and resolution of detectors of<br>predicate device. The new detector has just differences in size<br>from predicate device and these differences do not contribute<br>any adverse impacts to the predicate device's safety and<br>performance. |
In non-clinical data, the proposed detector shows curves and measurements of MTF and DQE
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Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image shows the Samsung logo. The word "SAMSUNG" is written in white, bold letters. The background is a solid, dark blue color.
#### 510(k) Premarket Notification - Traditional
that do not differ from the predicate device. In clinical data, the proposed GM60A has been shown a substantially equivalent to the predicate device.
### 10. Safety, EMC and Performance Data
Electrical, mechanical, environmental safety and performance testing according to standard ES 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-2, IEC 60601-1-3, IEC 60601-2-28, IEC 60601-2-54, ISO14971, 21CFR1020.30 and 21CFR1020.31 were performed, and EMC testing was conducted in accordance with standard IEC 60601-1-2:2007. Wireless function was tested and verified followed by guidance, Radio frequency Wireless Technology in Medical Devices. All test results were satisfied as the standard.
### 11. Non-clinical data
Non-clinical testing data was provided in conformance to the FDA "Guidance for the Submission of 510(k)'s for Solid-State X-ray Imaging Devices", which includes MTF and DQE measurements as tested by IEC 62220-1. The proposed device shows no difference in nonclinical testing data such as MTF and DQE measurements from the predicate device.
### 12. Clinical data
Clinical images were provided; these images were not necessary to establish substantial equivalence based on the modifications to the device but they provide further evidence in addition to the laboratory performance data to show that the complete system works as intended. These images were evaluated by a radiologist with equivalent U.S. board certification and found to be equivalent to the predicate device.
### 13. Conclusions
The non-clinical and clinical data demonstrate that the device is as safe, as effective, and performs as well as the legally marketed device identified in paragraph 6.
- 14. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. will update and include in this summary any other information deemed seasonably necessary by the FDA
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Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
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Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.