The Fisher & Paykel Healthcare RT016 Inspiratory Filter is intended for use between a ventilator and breathing circuit. Its function is to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases entering a breathing circuit. The RT016 is intended to the ventilator inspiratory port. It is not directional in terms of flow and is a single use device.
Device Story
The RT016 Inspiratory Filter is a single-use, non-sterile breathing circuit filter designed for placement at the ventilator inspiratory port. It utilizes depth-type, electrostatic, hydrophobic media housed within a 22 mm connector assembly to trap microbiological and particulate matter from dry inspiratory gases. The device functions as a passive barrier to protect the breathing circuit from contaminants. It is intended for use in clinical settings where mechanical ventilation is required. The healthcare provider installs the filter between the ventilator and the breathing circuit; the filter's presence ensures that gases delivered to the patient are filtered. The device does not require active operation or monitoring. By removing particulates and microbes, it reduces the risk of contamination within the breathing circuit, potentially benefiting the patient by preventing the delivery of pathogens or debris during mechanical ventilation.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical testing was performed. Substantial equivalence is supported by bench testing of filtration efficiency (bacterial >99.9997%, viral >99.99%, salt test 98.17%) and physical performance characteristics (flow resistance, compliance, internal volume, gas leakage) compared to the predicate device.
Technological Characteristics
Materials: Filter media (depth-type, electrostatic, hydrophobic), housing (22 mm connectors). Standards: ISO 5356-1:2004 (connectors), BS EN ISO 23328-1:2008 (salt test). Form factor: 22 mm female/male connectors. Sterility: Non-sterile. Connectivity: None (mechanical).
Indications for Use
Indicated for use between a ventilator and breathing circuit to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases entering the circuit via the ventilator inspiratory port. Single-use device for prescription use.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A breathing circuit bacterial filter is a device that is intended to remove microbiological and particulate matter from the gases in the breathing circuit.
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510(k) Notification 5-1
K733666
### 510(k) Summary 5
FEB - 5 2014
Image /page/0/Picture/5 description: The image shows the logo for Fisher & Paykel Healthcare. The words "Fisher & Paykel" are on the top line in a bold, sans-serif font. The word "HEALTHCARE" is on the second line, also in a bold, sans-serif font.
15 Maurice Paykel Place, East Tamaki P O Box 14 348, Panmure Auckland, New Zealand Telephone: +64 9 574 0100 Facsimile: +64 9 574 0158 Website: www.fphcare.com
| Contact person/submitter | Elizabeth Goldstein |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Date prepared | 27 November 2013 |
| Contact details | Address: 15 Maurice Paykel Place<br>Paykel Building<br>East Tamaki<br>Auckland 2013, New Zealand<br><br>Telephone: +64 9 574 0100<br>Fax: +64 9 574 0148 |
| Trade name | RT016 Inspiratory Filter |
| Common name | Breathing circuit bacterial filter |
| Classification name | Breathing circuit bacterial filter<br>Class II (21 CFR §868.5260)<br>Product code CAH (Filter, Bacterial, Breathing-Circuit) |
| Predicate device | RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927) |
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## 5.1 Device Description
The Fisher & Paykel Healthcare RT016 Inspiratory Filter is intended for use between a ventilator and breathing circuit. Its function is to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases entering a breathing circuit. The RT016 is intended to the ventilator inspiratory port. It is not directional in terms of flow and is a single use device.
The filter is comprised of a female (22 mm) filter housing, filter media and male (22 mm) filter housing. The filter media is a depth-type, electrostatic, hydrophobic media which traps microbiological and particulate matter. The filter media is held in place between the female and male filter housings. Both the female and male filter housings have standard 22 mm diameter connectors which have been designed to comply with ISO 5356-1.
## 5.2 Indications for Use
The Fisher & Paykel Healthcare RT016 Inspiratory Filter is intended for use between a ventilator and breathing circuit. Its function is to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases entering a breathing circuit. The RT016 is intended to the ventilator inspiratory port. It is not directional in terms of flow and is a single use device.
# 5.2.1 Indications for Use Comparison
The indications for Use Statements of the subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, and the predicate device. RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), are identical with the exception of the following:
- The placement of the filter with a ventilator system, where: :
- o The subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, is intended to be connected to the ventilator inspiratory port only.
- The predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), may be o connected to the ventilator inspiratory and/or the ventilator expiratory port.
This change in configuration does not raise any new questions of safety or effectiveness for the following reasons:
- . The placement of the RT016 Inspiratory Filter on the ventilator inspiratory port is also an approved configuration for the predicate device.
- The RT016 Inspiratory Filter labelling clearly identifies the device as an . inspiratory filter and shows the RT016 Inspiratory Filter connected to the ventilator inspiratory port.
Refer to Table 5.1 on the following page for a side-by-side comparison of the Indications for Statements of the subject and predicate devices.
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| Design/technological<br>characteristic for<br>comparison | Subject device<br>(RT016 Inspiratory Filter) | Predicate device<br>(RT019<br>Inspiratory/Expiratory<br>Filter, K050927) | Comments |
|----------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Indications for use | • The Fisher & Paykel<br>Healthcare RT016<br>Inspiratory Filter is<br>intended for use between<br>a ventilator and breathing<br>circuit. | • The Fisher & Paykel<br>Healthcare RT019<br>Inspiratory/Expiratory<br>Filter is intended for use<br>between a ventilator and<br>breathing circuit. | Identical |
| | • Its function is to remove<br>microbiological and<br>particulate matter from<br>gases entering a breathing<br>circuit. The RT016 is<br>intended to be connected<br>to the ventilator<br>inspiratory port. | • Its function is to remove<br>microbiological and<br>particulate matter from<br>gases entering and/or<br>exiting a breathing circuit.<br>The RT019 is intended to<br>be connected to the<br>ventilator inspiratory<br>and/or expiratory ports. | Identical<br>The function of the<br>subject device and<br>predicate device is<br>identical.<br>However the subject<br>device is intended to<br>be connected to the<br>ventilator inspiratory<br>port only, whereas<br>the predicate device<br>may be connected to<br>the ventilator<br>inspiratory and/or<br>expiratory ports. |
| | • It is not directional in<br>terms of flow and is a<br>single use device. | • It is not directional in<br>terms of flow and is a<br>single use device. | Identical |
| | • Availability: prescription<br>use (Part 21 CFR 801<br>Subpart D) | • Availability: prescription<br>use (Part 21 CFR 801<br>Subpart D) | Identical |
Table 5.1 A comparison of the Indications for Use of the subject and predicate devices
# 5.3 Technological Characteristics Comparison
The subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, is identical to the predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), with respect to the following technological characteristics:
- Function, i.e. to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases, as per the . Indications for Use.
- Reusability (i.e. single use) and sterility (i.e. non-sterile). .
- . Design:
- o All components of the RT016 Inspiratory Filter are identical to the corresponding components of the RT019 Inspiratory Expiratory Filter, including materials and processing;
- Performance (i.e. filtration efficiency). .
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The subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, differs from the predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), in that:
- The predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), has insulation . housing to reduce condensation when used on the ventilator expiratory port (i.e. used with gases which are warm and humid), whereas the RT016 Inspiratory Filter does not have an insulation case as it is used on the ventilator inspiratory port only (i.e. on gases which are dry).
Refer to Table 5.2 for a side-by-side comparison of the key technological characteristics of the subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, and the predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927).
| Design/technological<br>characteristic for<br>comparison | Subject device<br>(RT016 Inspiratory Filter) | Predicate device<br>(RT019<br>Inspiratory/Expiratory<br>Filter, K050927) | Comments |
|----------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Configuration | Connected to the<br>ventilator inspiratory<br>port | Connected to the<br>ventilator inspiratory<br>port Connected to the<br>ventilator expiratory<br>port | Identical<br>As per the Indications<br>for use, the subject<br>device is intended to<br>be connected to the<br>ventilator inspiratory<br>port only. |
| Reusability | Single use only | Single use only | Identical |
| Components | Female (22 mm) filter<br>housing; Filter media; Male (22 mm) filter<br>housing | Female (22 mm) filter<br>housing; Filter media; Male (22 mm) filter<br>housing; Male insulation casing; Female insulation<br>casing | Identical<br>All components used<br>in subject device are<br>identical to the<br>corresponding<br>components used in<br>the predicate device,<br>including identical<br>materials and<br>processing.<br>The subject device<br>does not include the<br>male or female<br>insulation casing<br>components. |
| Connectors | Standard 22 mm<br>connectors Designed to comply<br>with<br>ISO 5356-1:2004 | Standard 22 mm<br>connectors Designed to comply<br>with<br>ISO 5356-1:2004 | Identical |
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| Design/technological<br>characteristic for<br>comparison | Subject device<br>(RT016 Inspiratory Filter) | Predicate device<br>(RT019<br>Inspiratory/Expiratory<br>Filter, K050927) | Comments |
|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|
| Sterility | Supplied in a non-sterile state Non-sterile when used | Supplied in a non-sterile state Non-sterile when used | Identical |
| Filtration efficiency | Bacterial: >99.9997% Viral: >99.99% Salt test: 98.17% | Bacterial: >99.9997% Viral: >99.99% Salt test: 98.17% | Identical |
| Technical<br>specifications | Resistance to flow:<br>$0.35 \pm .06$ cmH2O at 15 L/min $0.71 \pm 0.12$ cmH2O at 30 L/min Internal volume (i.e. compressible volume): 38 mL Compliance: 0.13 mL/cmH2O Gas leakage: <5 mL/min at $70 \pm 3.5$ cmH2O | Resistance to flow:<br>$0.35 \pm .06$ cmH2O at 15 L/min $0.71 \pm 0.12$ cmH2O at 30 L/min Internal volume (i.e. compressible volume): 38 mL Compliance: 0.13 mL/cmH2O Gas leakage: <5 mL/min at $70 \pm 3.5$ cmH2O | Identical |
Table 5.2 A comparison of the key technological characteristics of the subject and predicate devices
# 5.4 Non-Clinical Tests
The RT016 Inspiratory Filter and the predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927), share the same filter media component and therefore the non-clinical tests summarized below are applicable to both devices.
The following performance characteristics of the filter media were tested:
- Bacterial filtration efficiency; .
- Viral filtration efficiency; and .
- Filtration efficiency as per the salt test method specified in BS EN ISO 23328-1:2008. .
The results of the performance testing are as follows:
- . Bacterial filtration efficiency: >99.9997%;
- . Viral filtration efficiency: >99.99%; and
- . Filtration efficiency as per the salt test method (NaCl): 98.17%.
The filtration of the two devices shows that the filtration performance is identical.
# 5.5 Clinical Tests
.
Not applicable - no clinical testing was performed with respect to the RT016 Inspiratory Filter.
{5}------------------------------------------------
#### 5.6 Conclusion
The comparison of the technological characteristics summarized above demonstrates that the subject device, RT016 Inspiratory Filter, is substantially equivalent to the predicate device, RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927). In addition, bench testing, as summarized above, supports both performance of the RT016 Inspiratory Filter in accordance with its intended use as well as substantial equivalence of the RT016 Inspiratory Filter to the RT019 Inspiratory/Expiratory Filter (K050927).
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## DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/6/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo features a stylized caduceus symbol, which is a staff with two snakes coiled around it. The words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES • USA" are arranged in a circular pattern around the caduceus symbol. The logo is black and white.
#### Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
February 5, 2014
Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Elizabeth Goldstein Regulatory Affairs Specialist 15 Maurice Paykel Place Paykel Building East Tamaki Auckland, New Zealand 14 348
Re: K133666
Trade/Device Name: RT016 Inspiratory Filter Regulation Number: 21 CFR 868.5260 Regulation Name: Breathing Circuit Bacterial Filter Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: CAH Dated: November 27, 2013 Received: November 29, 2013
Dear Ms. Goldstein:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Page 2 - Ms. Elizabeth Goldstein
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its tollfree number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Image /page/7/Picture/7 description: The image shows a signature and some text. The text includes "Sincerely yours," "Tejashri Purohit-Sheth, M.D.," "Clinical Deputy Director," and "DAGRID." The word "FOR" is also present in the image. The signature is illegible.
Erin Keith Acting Division Director Division of General Hospital, Respiratory, Anesthesiology Infectious Control, and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration
## Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known)
K133466
Device Name RT016 Inspiratory Filter
### Indications for Use (Describe)
The Fisher & Paykel Healthcare RTD16 Inspiratory Fitter is intended for use between a ventilator and breathing circuit. Its function is to remove microbiological and particulate matter from gases entering a breathing circuit. The RT016 is intended to the ventilator inspiratory port. It is not directional in terms of flow and is a single use device.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
> Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
_ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
# PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
CARDE OF COLLECTION OF FOR FDALUSE ONLY . STOREDAL CONSULT AND AND AND Concurrence of Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) (Signature)
FDA
Anya C. Harry -S 2014.01.29 19:31:18 -05'00'
FORM FDA 3881 (9/13)
PSC Publishung Scrices (301) 443-6740
Form Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120 Expiration Date: December 31, 2013 See PRA Statement on last page.
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Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
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Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.