Primary intervention of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, polyarthritis, collagen disorders, and/or avascular necrosis of the femoral condyle. Post-traumatic loss of joint configuration (particularly when there is patellofemoral erosion, dysfunction, or prior patellectomy). Failed osteotomy or unicompartmental replacements. Replacement of unsatisfactory cemented or press-fit knee components when sufficient bone stock exists. The salvage of previously failed surgical attempts if the knee can be satisfactorily balanced and stabilized at the time of surgery. Moderate valgus, varus, or flexion deformities. All MRKS femoral components and tibial baseplates are intended for cemented use only: All MRKS stems are intended uncemented use.
Device Story
MILESTONE Revision Knee System (MRKS) is a semi-constrained, cemented knee prosthesis for primary or revision total knee arthroplasty. System includes femoral components (cast cobalt chrome), tibial baseplates (cast cobalt chrome), ultracongruent tibial inserts (UHMWPE), and titanium alloy accessory components (stems, augments, screws, pegs, plugs). Modular design allows attachment of stems and augments to femoral and tibial components. Used in surgical settings by orthopedic surgeons to replace damaged knee joints, restore joint configuration, and stabilize the knee. Benefits include restoration of joint function and salvage of failed previous arthroplasty. Device is implanted during surgery; clinical decision-making relies on surgeon assessment of bone stock and joint balance.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data provided. Safety and effectiveness were established through non-clinical bench testing and Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) by referencing previously cleared predicate devices with identical materials and geometry.
Indicated for patients requiring primary or revision total knee arthroplasty due to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, polyarthritis, collagen disorders, avascular necrosis, post-traumatic joint loss, failed osteotomy/unicompartmental replacement, or salvage of failed surgical attempts. Suitable for patients with moderate valgus, varus, or flexion deformities and sufficient bone stock.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A knee joint patellofemorotibial polymer/metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis is a device intended to be implanted to replace a knee joint. The device limits translation and rotation in one or more planes via the geometry of its articulating surfaces. It has no linkage across-the-joint. This generic type of device includes prostheses that have a femoral component made of alloys, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, and a tibial component or components and a retropatellar resurfacing component made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. This generic type of device is limited to those prostheses intended for use with bone cement (§ 888.3027).
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### 2. 510(k) SUMMARY
MAY 0 3 2013
| Sponsor Name: | TGM Medical, Inc.<br>5145 Golden Foothill Parkway, Suite 175<br>El Dorado Hills, CA, 95762 |
|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 510(k) Contact: | Prakash Pai<br>Phone: (916) 358-8835<br>Email: Prakash.pai63@yahoo.com |
| Date Prepared: | January 03, 2013 |
| Trade Name: | MILESTONE Revision Knee System |
| Common Name: | Revision knee prosthesis |
| Classification Name: | Knee joint patellofemorotibial metal/polymer/metal semiconstrained<br>cemented prosthesis (21 CFR 888.3560, Class II device, Product Code<br>JWH) |
#### Device Description:
The MILESTONE Revision Knee System (MRKS) is a semi-constrained, cemented knee prosthesis designed for either primary or revision total knee arthroplasty. The MRKS contains left and right configurations of a femoral component and a fixed-bearing tibial component, in addition to accessory components including stems, augments, screws, pegs, a taper plug, and a baseplate plug. The femoral component and tibial baseplate employ modularity for stem and augment attachment.
The MRKS femoral component is manufactured from cast cobalt chrome alloy. It is offered in six sizes (1-6) and is designed to articulate with the MRKS ultracongruent tibial insert and the MILESTONE Knee System (MKS) all poly patellar component (K112285). The MRKS femoral component is not designed to articulate with the MKS posterior stabilizing (PS) tibial insert (K112285) or any condylar constrained tibial components. The MRKS box profile is thicker than the MKS femoral component to accommodate increased bone loss.
The MRKS tibial component consists of two parts to be assembled at the time of surgery: a tibial baseplate and an ultracongruent (PCL substituting) tibial insert. The baseplate is manufactured from cast cobalt chrome alloy and is designed with an identical locking mechanism as the MKS tibial baseplate (K112285). The baseplate is offered in seven sizes (0-6) and is designed to accommodate the MRKS ultracongruent insert when used with the MRKS femoral component or the MKS PS tibial insert (K112285) when used with the MKS PS femoral component (Ki 12285). The MRKS tibial baseplate is thicker than the MKS baseplate to accommodate increased bone loss. The MRKS insert is manufactured from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and is designed with an identical locking mechanism, thickness, and size range as the MKS PS insert.
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The MRKS accessory components are manufactured from Titanium alloy. The stems are available in three lengths (80, 110, and 150mm) and seven diameters (10-22mm). They employ a male 12/14 Morse taper for attachment to the CRKS femoral component or tibial baseplate. The taper plug is available in one size and is intended for use when a stem is not desired. The taper plug employs an identical male taper as the stem. The augments are available in left and right configurations, and are offered in a range of sizes to accommodate all sizes of the MRKS femoral components and tibial baseplates. Femoral augments are split into distal and posterior segments, each available in 5mm thicknesses. Tibial augments are available in 5mm and 10mm thicknesses. The pegs are offered in three sizes (short, medium, and long). Screws are offered in two sizes (short and long). The baseplate plug is offered in one size. The pegs and screws are designed for mechanically attaching the augments to their respective implants. Pegs also aid in stabilizing the implant post-operatively and are designed to fill the distal augments holes of the femoral component and augment holes of the tibial baseplate when augments are not desired. The baseplate plug is designed to fill the baseplate augment holes when pegs and augments are not desired.
#### Indications for Use:
- Primary intervention of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, polyarthritis, A. collagen disorders, and/or avascular necrosis of the femoral condyle.
- Post-traumatic loss of joint configuration (particularly when there is patellofemoral erosion, B. dysfunction, or prior patellectomy).
- Failed osteotomy or unicompartmental replacements. C.
- Replacement of unsatisfactory cemented or press-fit knee components when sufficient bone D. stock exists.
- The salvage of previously failed surgical attempts if the knee can be satisfactorily balanced E. and stabilized at the time of surgery.
- Moderate valgus, varus, or flexion deformities. F.
All MRKS femoral components and tibial baseplates are intended for cemented use only: All MRKS stems are intended uncemented use.
#### Substantial Equivalence:
Technological Characteristics/Substantial Equivalence:
Consensus Orthopedics, Inc. (COI) licensed the previously cleared Consensus Revision Knee System (CRKS) components (K100542) and the Consensus Knee System (CKS) ultracongruent (i.e. PCL substituting) tibial inserts (K953443) to TGM Medical for use as the MILESTONE Revision Knee System (MRKS). These predicate knee system components are identical to the respective MRKS components in material, geometry, and indications. The MRKS femoral component is compatible with the previously cleared Milestone Knee System (MKS) round allpoly patella (K112285); however it is not compatible with the MKS posterior stabilizing (PS) tibial insert (K112285). The MRKS tibial baseplate is compatible with the MKS PS tibial insert when articulating with the MKS PS femoral component (K112285). The MRKS ultracongruent which insect is compatible with the MKS tibial baseplate (K112285); however it is not compatible with MKS PS femoral component (K112285). Because the subject MRKS components employ
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the same materials, technological characteristics, and indications as their predicate devices, the MRKS components are substantially equivalent to legally marketed predicates (Table 2.1).
| 510(k)<br>Number | Trade Name | 510(k) holder | 510(k)<br>Clearance |
|------------------|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|---------------------|
| K953443 | Consensus PCL Substituting Tibial<br>Insert | U.S. Medical Products, Inc. | 04/26/1996* |
| K100542 | Consensus Revision Knee System | Consensus Orthopedics, Inc. | 06/24/2010 |
| K112285 | Milestone Knee System | TGM Medical, Inc. | 11/04/2011 |
Table 2.1. Legally marketed predicates to which substantial equivalence is claimed.
Notes: * Cleared prior to the purchase of U.S. Medical Products by Hayes Medical in 1996 and prior to the change in company name from Hayes Medical to Consensus Orthopedics in 2008.
#### Non-Clinical Performance Data:
COI provided rights to reference their 510(k)s and supporting performance testing. The MRKS was evaluated using a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Because the MRKS components employ identical geometry and material characteristics as those employed by their respective predicate CRKS and CKS components, non-clinical bench testing and analyses were provided for these predicate components to validate the safety and effectiveness of the MRKS. No further testing on MRKS components was necessary.
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Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized caduceus symbol, which is a staff with two snakes coiled around it, and the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" arranged in a circular pattern around the symbol. The text is in all caps and is evenly spaced around the circle.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
May 3, 2013
TGM Medical, Inc. % Mr. Prakash Pai Vice President, Global Quality & Regulatory Affairs 5145 Golden Foothill Parkway, Suite 175 El Dorado Hills, California 95762
Re: K130084
Trade/Device Name: MILESTONE Revision Knee System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 888.3560 Regulation Name: Knee joint patellofemorotibial polymer/metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis Regulatory Class: II Product Codes: JWH Dated: February 5, 2013 Received: February 6, 2013
Dear Mr. Pai:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug. and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements; including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical
{4}------------------------------------------------
#### Page 2 - Mr. Prakash Pai
device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its tollfree number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled. "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours,
# Erin DKeith
Mark N. Melkerson Director Division of Orthopedic Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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## 1. INDICATIONS FOR USE STATEMENT
510(k) Number (if known): K130084
## Device Name: MILESTONE Revision Knee System (MRKS)
#### Indications for Use:
- Primary intervention of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, A. polyarthritis, collagen disorders, and/or avascular necrosis of the femoral condyle.
- Post-traumatic loss of joint configuration (particularly when there is patellofemoral B. erosion, dysfunction, or prior patellectomy).
- ్. Failed osteotomy or unicompartmental replacements.
- Replacement of unsatisfactory cemented or press-fit knee components when sufficient D. bone stock exists.
- E. The salvage of previously failed surgical attempts if the knee can be satisfactorily balanced and stabilized at the time of surgery.
- ﻟﻨﻨﺎ Moderate valgus, varus, or flexion deformities.
All MRKS femoral components and tibial baseplates are intended for CEMENTED USE ONLY. AJ! MRKS stems are intended for UNCEMENTED USE.
Prescription Use *X*
(21 CFR Part 801 Subpart D)
AND/OR
Over the Counter Use (21 CFR Part 801 Subpart C)
b 8
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE; CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Casey L. Hanley, Ph.D.
Division of Orthopedic-Devices
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.