PaX-Duo3D Plus is a computed tomography x-ray system intended to take panoramic and cross-sectional images of the oral and craniofacial anatomy to provide diagnostic information for adult and pediatric patients. The device is operated and used by physicians, dentists, dental assistants, x-ray technicians and other professionals who are licensed by the law of the State in which he or she practices to use the device.
Device Story
PaX-Duo3D Plus is a dental radiographic imaging system providing panoramic and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) modes. It utilizes an X-ray tube, generator, and CMOS digital X-ray detector to capture 3D images of oral anatomy. Operated by licensed professionals (physicians, dentists, technicians) in clinical settings, the device aids in dental treatments such as oral surgery and implants. The system transforms X-ray inputs into diagnostic images, which are reviewed by healthcare providers to inform clinical decision-making and treatment planning. The device supports multiple imaging volumes and resolutions via interchangeable sensors.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical trials were performed. Evidence consists of non-clinical performance testing, including electrical, mechanical, and environmental safety (IEC 60601 series), EMC testing (IEC 60601-1-2), and image quality assessment. Acceptance testing was conducted per IEC 61223-3-4 and IEC 61223-3-5. Expert review of image comparisons between the subject and predicate devices was used to support equivalence.
Indicated for adult and pediatric patients requiring panoramic and cross-sectional imaging of oral and craniofacial anatomy for diagnostic purposes.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A computed tomography x-ray system is a diagnostic x-ray system intended to produce cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data from the same axial plane taken at different angles. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, component parts, and accessories.
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## Special 510(k) Summary
MAY 2 4 2012
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with requirements of 21 CFR Part 872.1800.
Date
4/18/2012
## Manufacturer
Vatech Co., Ltd.
23-4, Seogu-Dong, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 445-170, Korea Republic
Tel: +82-31-379-9585 Fax: +82-31-379-9638 Contact person: Mr. Sonny Park
#### Official Correspondent (U.S. Designated agent)
Mtech Group 12946 Kimberley Ln, Houston, TX 77079 Tel: +713-467-2607 Fax: +713-464-8880 Contact person: Mr. Dave Kim (davekim(@mtech-inc.net)
#### Trade/Proprietary Name:
PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000)
#### Common Name:
Computed Tomography X-ray System
### Classification Name:
X-ray, Tomography, Computed, Dental (21CFR 892.1750, Product code OAS, Class2)
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#### Description:
PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000), a dental radiographic imaging system, consists of dual image acquisition modes; panorama, and cone beam computed tomography. Specifically designed for dental radiography of the teeth or jaws, PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) is a complete dental X-ray system equipped with x-ray tube, generator and dedicated SSXI detector for dental panoramic and cone beam computed tomographic radiography.
The dental CBCT system is based on CMOS digital X-ray detector. CMOS CT detector is used to capture radiographic diagnostic images of oral anatomy in 3D for dental treatment such as oral surgery or implant. The device can also be operated as the panoramic dental x-ray system based on CMOS X-ray detector.
#### Indication for use:
PaX-Duo3D Plus is a computed tomography x-ray system intended to take panoramic and cross-sectional images of the oral and craniofacial anatomy to provide diagnostic information for adult and pediatric patients. The device is operated and used by physicians, dental assistants, x-ray technicians and other professionals who are licensed by the State in which he or she practices to use the device.
#### Predicate Device:
| Manufacturer | : Vatech Co., Ltd |
|---------------|---------------------------------------|
| Device | : PaX-Duo3D Plus |
| 510(k) Number | : K102102 (Decision Date - 3/11/2011) |
#### Substantial Equivalence:
PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) described in this 510(k) has the similar intended use and technical characteristics as PaX-Duo3D Plus of Vatech Co., Ltd.
| Characteristic | Proposed<br>Vatech Co., Ltd.<br>PaX-Duo3D Plus<br>(PCT-5000) | Predicate<br>Vatech Co., Ltd.<br>PaX-Duo3D Plus |
|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 510(k) number | | K102102 |
| Indications<br>for use | PaX-Duo3D Plus is a computed<br>tomography x-ray system intended to<br>take panoramic and cross-sectional<br>images of the oral and craniofacial<br>anatomy to provide diagnostic<br>information for adult and pediatric<br>patients. The device is operated and<br>used by physicians, dentists, dental<br>assistants, x-ray technicians and other<br>professionals who are licensed by the<br>law of the State in which he or she<br>practices to use the device. | PaX-Duo3D Plus is a computed<br>tomography x-ray system intended<br>to take panoramic and cross-<br>sectional images of the oral and<br>craniofacial anatomy to provide<br>diagnostic information for adult<br>and pediatric patients. The device<br>is operated and used by physicians,<br>dentists, dental assistants, x-ray<br>technicians and other professionals<br>who are licensed by the law of the<br>State in which he or she practices<br>to use the device. |
| Performance | Panoramic and computed | Panoramic and computed |
| Specification | tomography (CBCT) | tomography (CBCT) |
| Input Voltage | AC 100-120 / 200-240 V | AC 110 / 230 V ~ |
| Tube Voltage | 50-90 kV | 50-90 kV |
| Tube Current | 2-10 mA | 2-10 mA |
| Focal Spot Size | 0.5 mm | 0.5 mm |
| Exposure Time | Max 20.2 s | 6.8 - 24 s |
| Total Filtration | 2.8 mmAl | 2.8 mm Al |
| Size of Imaging<br>Volume | CT (Xmaru0712CF)<br>: 5 x 5 cm / 8 x 5 cm / 8 x 8 cm<br>CT (Xmaru1215CF Plus)<br>: 5 x 5 cm / 8 x 5 cm /<br>8.5 x 8.5 cm / 12 x 8.5 cm<br>CT(Xmaru1215CF<br>Master<br>Plus)<br>: 5 x 5 cm / 8 x 5 cm /<br>8.5 x 8.5 cm / 12 x 8.5 cm<br>CT(Xmaru1524CF) :<br>5 x 5 cm / 8 x 5 cm /<br>8.5 x 8.5 cm / 12 x 8.5 cm | CT(Xmaru1524CF) :<br>5 x 5 cm / 8 x 5 cm /<br>8.5 x 8.5 cm /12 x 8.5 cm |
| | Panoramic<br>(Xmaru1501CF) : 5.0 lp/mm | Panoramic<br>(Xmaru1501CF) : 5.0 lp/mm |
| | CT (Xmaru0712CF)<br>: 3.5 lp/mm | |
| Pixel Resolution | CT (Xmaru1215CF Plus)<br>: 3.5 lp/mm | |
| | CT(Xmaru1215CF Master<br>Plus)<br>: 10.1 lp/mm- full resolution<br>5.0 lp/mm -2x2 binning<br>2.5 lp/mm-4x4 binning | CT (Xmaru1524CF) : 2.5 lp/mm |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | CT(Xmaru1524CF) : 2.5 lp/mm | |
| | Panoramic<br>(Xmaru1501CF): 100 μm | Panoramic<br>(Xmaru1501CF): 100 μm |
| | CT (Xmaru0712CF)<br>: 140 μm | |
| | CT (Xmaru1215CF Plus)<br>: 140 μm | |
| Pixel Size | CT(Xmaru1215CF Master<br>Plus)<br>: 49.5 μm-full resolution<br>99 μm-2x2 binning<br>198 μm-4x4 binning | CT (Xmaru1524CF) : 200 μm |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | CT(Xmaru1524CF): 200 μm | |
| | CMOS photodiode array – | |
| | panoramic (Xmaru1501CF) &<br>CT(Xmaru0712CF,<br>Xmaru1215CF Plus,<br>Xmaru1215CF Master Plus,<br>Xmaru1524CF) | CT (Xmaru1524CF) with Flat<br>Panel Detector |
| Image Receptor | | |
| | | |
| | | |
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510(k) Submission – PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000)
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.
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Indications for use, safety characteristics, and non-clinical performance for panoramic and CBCT sensors of PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) and PaX-Duo3D Plus are similar. The primary differences are as follows: PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) introduces three new cone beam CT sensors: Xmaru0712CF, Xmaru1215CF Plus. Xmaru1215CF Master Plus. The non-clinical performance and clinical consideration report for the new SSXI CBCT sensors are provided separately in this submission. Based on the nonclinical and clinical consideration and the outcome of an expert review of image comparisons for both devices, new PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) is substantially equivalent, in terms of safety and effectiveness, with PaX-Duo3D Plus, the predicate device.
## Safety, EMC and Performance Data:
Electrical, mechanical, environmental safety and performance testing according to standard IEC 60601-1(A1+A2, 1995), IEC 60601-1-1 (2001), IEC 60601-1-3 (Ed. 1, 1994), IEC 60601-2-7 (1998), IEC 60601-2-28 (Ed. 1, 1993), IEC 60601-2-32 (Ed. 1, 1994) and IEC 60601-2-44 (Ed. 2, 2002) were performed, and EMC testing were conducted in accordance with standard IEC 60601-1-2.
PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) meets the provisions of NEMA PS 3.1-3.18, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Set.
Non-clinical & Clinical considerations according to FDA Guidance "Guidance for the submissions of 510(k)'s for Solid State X-ray Imaging Devices" were performed.
Acceptance test according to IEC 61223-3-4 and IEC 61223-3-5 was performed.
All test results were satisfactory.
#### Conclusion:
In accordance with the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, 21 CFR Part 807 and based on
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the information provided in this premarket notification. Vatech Co., Ltd. concludes that PaX-Duo3D Plus (PCT-5000) is safe and effective and substantially equivalent to predicate device as described herein.
END
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle with three wing feathers, representing the department's mission to protect the health of all Americans and provide essential human services. The eagle is encircled by the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" in a circular arrangement.
# DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service .
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Vatech Co., Ltd. % Mr. Dave Kim Medical Device Regulatory Affairs Mtech Group 12946 Kimberly Lane HOUSTO TX 77079
MAY 2 4 2012
Re: K121236
Trade/Device Name: PaX-Duo3D Plus Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1750 Regulation Name: Computed tomography x-ray system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: OAS Dated: April 18, 2012-Received: April 24, 2012
#### Dear Mr. Kim:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into class II (Special Controls), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); medical device reporting (reporting of
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medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820). This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 796-5450. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely Yours,
Janine M. Morris
Acting Director Division of Radiological Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
#### Enclosure
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# Indications for Use
510(K) Number (if known): K12J236
Device Name: PaX-Duo3D Plus
Classification: Computed tomography X-ray system
#### Indications for Use:
PaX-Duo3D Plus is a computed tomography x-ray system intended to take panoramic and cross-sectional images of the oral and craniofacial anatomy to provide diagnostic information for adult and pediatric patients. The device is operated and used by physicians, dentists, dental assistants, x-ray technicians and other professionals who are licensed by the law of the State in which he or she practices to use the device.
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF néededi
Arul D'A
Office of In
510K K121236
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation(ODE)
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
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Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
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Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
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Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.