Curve Image is an internet-based, image management software (PACS) that enables dental offices to keep records of hard and soft tissue charts, treatment plans, clinical notes, audit recording and clinical exam data. The system uses a Web-based interface and includes the editing and storage of digital images. The system is designed to be a single source solution for a dental practice. Images and data can be stored, communicated, processed and displayed within the system or across computer networks at distributed locations. Images cannot be acquired from standard dental imaging devices, but can be uploaded directly from the user's computer. Images can be edited (e.g., resized, contrast, cropped, etc.), as well as exported.
Device Story
Curve Image is a web-based dental PACS for image management and record-keeping. Input includes digital images uploaded from user computers, TWAIN devices, or web cameras. The system provides tools for image manipulation (resizing, cropping, contrast/brightness adjustment, rotation, flipping, color inversion) and annotation. Used in dental clinics by staff to store, communicate, process, and display patient images and clinical data. Accessed via secure website; no local software installation required. Output is displayed on-screen for diagnostic or non-diagnostic review, aiding clinicians in treatment planning and clinical documentation. Benefits include centralized, accessible patient records and streamlined image management.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Bench testing only, including product risk assessment, software module verification, and software validation testing to ensure system reliability and equivalence to predicates.
Technological Characteristics
Web-based PACS application; HTTPS secure data transmission; server-side processing; database management and storage; secure server infrastructure. Features include image browsing, uploading, TWAIN/webcam acquisition, annotation, and basic image processing (zoom, crop, brightness/contrast, rotation, flip).
Indications for Use
Indicated for dental offices to manage patient records, including hard/soft tissue charts, treatment plans, clinical notes, audit records, clinical exam data, and digital image storage/editing.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
Centricity PACS Web Diagnostic (Web DX) PACS (K083018)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo for "curvedental". The logo consists of a circular arrangement of dots on the left side, with the word "curve" in bold black font and "dental" in a lighter, less bold font to the right. The dots vary in size, creating a visual effect of movement or rotation around the central point.
# 510(k) Summary
APR 2 1 2011
(in accordance with 21 CFR 807.92)
# 510(k) Number K110139
#### I. Applicant Information
# Applicant:
CURVE DENTAL, INC. #303 1109 17th Ave. SW Calgary, AB TIT 4M2 Canada
Contact Person:
Matthew Dorey Managing Director Tel: (403) 245-4088 Fax: (403) 245-4086 e-mail: matt.dorey@curvedental.com
Application Correspondent:
EMERGO GROUP INC. 611 West 5th Street, Third Floor Austin, TX 78701 U.S.A.
Contact Person:
Caroline Tontini Project Manager Tel: (512) 327-9997 Fax: (512) 327-9998 e-mail: caroline@emergogroup.com
Date Prepared:
December 17, 2010
#### II. Device Name and Classification
| Proprietary Name: | Curve Image |
|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| Classification Name: | Picture Archiving and Communications System |
| Common/Usual Name: | PACS |
| Classification: | Class II |
| Regulation Number: | 892.2050 |
| Product Codes: | LLZ |
| Classification Panel: | Radiology Devices |
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Image /page/1/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for "curvedental". The logo consists of a semi-circular arrangement of dots on the left side, followed by the word "curvedental" in a lowercase, sans-serif font. The dots vary in size, creating a visual effect of movement or progression.
#### III. Predicate Device
The Curve Image device is substantially equivalent to the following FDA cleared predicate devices with regard to indications for use, performance and technological characteristics:
| 510(k) Number: | K982422 |
|----------------------|----------------------------------------------|
| Trade Name: | ChairSide Software Application |
| Manufacturer: | EagleSoft |
| Classification Name: | Picture Archiving and Communications System |
| Common/Usual Name: | PACS |
| Classification: | Class II |
| Regulation Number: | 892.2050 |
| Product Codes: | LLZ |
| 510(k) Number: | K083018 |
| Trade Name: | Centricity PACS Web Diagnostic (Web DX) PACS |
| Manufacturer: | GE Healthcare Dynamic Imaging Solutions |
| Classification Name: | Picture Archiving and Communications System |
| Common/Usual Name: | PACS |
| Classification: | Class II |
| Regulation Number: | 892.2050 |
#### IV. Device Description
Curve Image is a web-based dental practice image management system that provides Internet access to an image library for each patient in a practice. It also provides tools for dental practices to manipulate patient images and both acquire and upload new images in industry standard formats. Images can be annotated and tagged, and are available for both diagnostic and non-diagnostic use. All of these actions are performed from a secure website, after entering user credentials, similar to other commonly used online applications. The system can be accessed by the user via an internet connection and does not require any software installation on the user's computer.
Curve Image may be sold as a stand-alone product, or may be bundled with a suite of web applications to form a comprehensive dental practice management application called "Curve Hero". Curve Hero is a patient scheduling and billing application that is provided as a stand-alone or in combination with Curve Image. Curve Hero is not a medical device and therefore is outside the scope of this submission.
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Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for Curve Dental. The logo consists of a series of dots arranged in a semi-circular shape on the left, followed by the word "curve" in a bold, lowercase font. The word "dental" is written in a thinner, lowercase font to the right of "curve", completing the company name.
#### V. Intended Use
Curve Image is an internet-based, image management software (PACS) that enables dental offices to keep records of hard and soft tissue charts, treatment plans, clinical notes, audit recording and clinical exam data. The system uses a Web-based interface and includes the editing and storage of digital images. The system is designed to be a single source solution for a dental practice.
Images and data can be stored, communicated, processed and displayed within the system or across computer networks at distributed locations. Images cannot be acquired from standard dental imaging devices, but can be uploaded directly from the user's computer. Images can be edited (e.g., resized, contrast, cropped, etc.), as well as exported.
#### VI. Summary of the Technical Characteristics
Curve Image software provides the following high-level features:
- Browsing Images by Date and/or Source .
- Viewing an Image .
- Uploading an Image File .
- . Acquiring an Image from a Web Camera
- Acquiring an Image from a TWAIN Device .
- Copying an Image to the Local Computer ♥
- Saving a Modified Image .
- . Annotating an Image
- Zooming In on an Image .
- . Cropping an Image
- Inverting Colors of an Image .
- Rotating an Image (increments of 90 degrees) .
- Flipping an Image Horizontally or Vertically .
- Increasing/Decreasing Image Brightness .
- . Increasing/Decreasing Image Contrast
The main technical characteristics of the software are:
- Web-based Application and Interface .
- Secure Data Transmission (HTTPS) .
- Server-Side Processing ●
- Database Management and Storage ●
- Secure Server Infrastructure �
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for Curve Dental. The logo consists of a series of dots arranged in a semi-circular shape, followed by the word "curve" in bold, sans-serif font. The word "dental" is written in a lighter, thinner font next to "curve", and there is a prime symbol at the end of the word.
#### Summary of Non-Clinical Testing VII.
Curve Dental, Inc. has conducted extensive non-clinical and validation testing of the Curve Image system, as a PACS system that is capable of providing reliable post-processing and display of images for dental applications. All of the different components of the Curve Image software have been stress tested to ensure that the system as a whole provides all the capabilities necessary to operate in a manner substantially equivalent to the predicate devices.
The tests performed included:
- Product Risk Assessment .
- Software modules verification tests .
- Software validation test .
## VIII. Conclusions
Based on the comparison of intended use and technological characteristics, the Curve Image system is substantially equivalent to the ChairSide Software Application manufactured by EagleSoft (K982422) and the Centricity PACS Web Diagnostic (Web DX) PACS manufactured by GE Healthcare Dynamic Imaging Solutions.
Curve Image combines the web-based technology of the Centricity PACS, with the features and functionality of the ChairSide Software. Therefore the Curve Image device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices.
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows a seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" arranged in a circular pattern around a stylized eagle. The eagle is depicted with three curved lines forming its body and wings. The seal is black and white and appears to be a logo or emblem.
# DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Ms. Caroline Tontini Project Manager EMERGO Group, Inc. 611 West 5th Street, Third Floor AUSTIN TX 78701
APR 2 1 2011
Re: K110139 Trade/Device Name: CURVE IMAGE Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Picture archiving and communications system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: LLZ Dated: April 6, 2011 Received: April 8, 2011
### Dear Ms. Tontini:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications . for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA), You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into class II (Special Controls), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); medical device reporting (reporting of
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medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820). This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 796-5450. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely Yours,
Mary Pastel
Mary S. Pastel, Sc.D. Director Division of Radiological Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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# 4. Indication for Use Statement
KI10139 510(k) Number (if known): __
Device Name:
CURVE IMAGE
## Indications for Use:
CURVE IMAGE is an internet-based, image management software (PACS) that enables dental offices to keep records of hard and soft tissue charts, treatment plans, clinical notes, audit recording and clinical exam data. The system uses a Web-based interface and includes the editing and storage of digital images. The system is designed to be a single source solution for a dental practice.
Images and data can be stored, communicated, processed and displayed within the system or across computer networks at distributed locations. Images cannot be acquired from standard dental imaging devices, but can be uploaded directly from the user's computer. Images can be edited (e.g., resized, contrast, cropped, etc.), as well as exported.
Mary S. Patel
Division of Radiologica of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evalu
Prescription Use X (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.