The VF LiquiGel is indicated for vocal fold medialization in the treatment of vocal fold insufficiency, where insufficiency may be improved by injection of a soft tissue bulking agent. VF LiquiGel injection augments the size of the displaced or deformed vocal fold so that it may meet the opposing fold at the midline for improved glottal closure. Improved glottal closure may allow improved phonation, improvement of cough, and an improved ability to protect the airway during swallowing. VF LiquiGel is a temporary implant that degrades over time. The product is intended to be durable for a minimum of one month.
Device Story
VF LiquiGel is a sterile, latex-free, non-pyrogenic, thixotropic, high-yield strength clear gel; functions as a temporary soft tissue bulking implant. Delivered via pre-filled syringe for percutaneous or transoral injection into vocal folds; high thixotropy allows injection through fine needles with minimal force. Augments displaced/deformed vocal fold size to achieve midline contact with opposing fold; improves glottal closure, phonation, cough, and airway protection. Used in clinical settings by physicians; temporary implant degrades over time with minimum one-month durability. Benefits patient by restoring vocal function and airway protection.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Performance evaluations and comparison testing demonstrate equivalence to predicate device in design, materials, and mechanism of action. No clinical data presented.
Technological Characteristics
Materials: injection grade water, glycerin, mannitol, NaOH, and Carbopol 974P NF. Thixotropic gel; neutral pH. Supplied sterile in pre-filled Luer-lock syringes (0.5 and 1.3 cc). Biocompatibility per ISO 10993. Materials meet NF/USP requirements. No electronic or software components.
Indications for Use
Indicated for patients with vocal fold insufficiency requiring temporary vocal fold medialization via soft tissue bulking agent injection to improve glottal closure, phonation, cough, and airway protection.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
Ear, nose, and throat synthetic polymer material is a device material that is intended to be implanted for use as a space-occupying substance in the reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. The device is used, for example, in augmentation rhinoplasty and in tissue defect closures in the esophagus. The device is shaped and formed by the suregon to conform to the patient's needs. This generic type of device is made of material such as polyamide mesh or foil and porous polyethylene.
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Coapt Systems, Inc.
Special 510(k) Premarket Notific VF LiquiGel
# SEP 1 1 2009
#### 510(k) SUMMARY 10.0
#### 510(k) Summary 10.1
Coapt Systems is providing a summary of the safety and effectiveness information available for the VF LiquiGel. This 510(k) summary of safety and effectiveness information is submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR §807.92 and pursuant to Section 12, Part (a)(i)(3A) of the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990.
#### SPONSOR/APPLICANT NAME AND ADDRESS
Coapt Systems, Inc. 1820 Embarcadero Road Palo Alto, CA Telephone: (650) 461-7600 Facsimile: (650) 213-9336
#### CONTACT INFORMATION
Louis-Pierre Marcoux Manager, Regulatory Affairs Coapt Systems, Inc. 1820 Embarcadero Road Palo Alto, CA Telephone: (650) 461-7651 Facsimile: (650) 213-9336 Email: Imarcoux(@coaptsystems.com
### DATE OF PREPARATION OF 510(K) SUMMARY
December 11, 2008
### DEVICE TRADE OR PROPRIETARY NAME VF LiquiGel
#### DEVICE COMMON OR CLASSIFICATION NAME
Classification Name: Vocal Cord Medialization Implant Regulation Number: 874.3620 Class: II Product Code: MIX
{1}------------------------------------------------
Coapt Systems, Inc.
## IDENTIFICATION OF THE LEGALLY MARKETED DEVICES TO WHICH EQUIVALENCE IS BEING CLAIMED
| Name of Predicate Device | Product Code | Name of Manufacturer | 510(k) or PMA<br>Number |
|--------------------------|--------------|----------------------|-------------------------|
| VF Gel | MIX | Coapt Systems | K080956 |
### DEVICE DESCRIPTION
Sterile, latex free, non-pyrogenic, highly thixotropic, high yield strength clear gel with a neutral pH. The durability of the gel is due to slow degradation of the synthetic gel carrier. The thixotropic character of the gel allows it to be a very thick and cohesive gel but able to be injected through very fine needles with minimal force.
### INTENDED USE STATEMENT
The VF LiquiGel is indicated for vocal fold medialization in the treatment of vocal fold insufficiency, where insufficiency may be improved by injection of a soft tissue bulking agent. VF LiquiGel injection augments the size of the displaced or deformed vocal fold so that it may meet the opposing fold at the midline for improved glottal closure. Improved glottal closure may allow improved phonation, improvement of cough, and an improved ability to protect the airway during swallowing.
### SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALANCE COMPARISON
#### 1. Indications Summary
The "Indication Statement" for the VF LiquiGel is substantiated by the results of the performance evaluations and comparison testing to the predicate device. The differences between the Subject and the Predicate do not affect the safety and effectiveness of the VF LiquiGel. VF LiguiGel is a temporary implant that degrades over time. The product is intended to be durable for a minimum of one month.
#### 2. Technological Characteristics Summary
The VF LiquiGel is substantially equivalent in design, materials and fundamental scientific technology to the predicate devices. Any differences between the Subject and the Predicate device are minor and do not raise issues regarding safety or effectiveness.
#### 3. Performance Summary
The VF LiquiGel performance data meet the applicable standards and fulfill the device requirements as defined in the user specifications.
{2}------------------------------------------------
・
、 "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Parameter | VF Gel (Predicate) | VF LiquiGel (Subject) | Comparison | Impact on Safety and Effectiveness |
|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|------------------------------------|
| Indication for Use | The VF Gel is indicated for vocal fold medialization in the treatment of vocal fold insufficiency, where insufficiency may be improved by injection of a soft tissue bulking agent. VF Gel injection augments the size of the displaced or deformed vocal fold so that it may meet the opposing fold at the midline for improved glottal closure. Improved glottal closure may allow improved phonation, improvement of cough, and an improved ability to protect the airway during swallowing. VF Gel is a temporary implant that degrades over time. The product is intended to be durable for a minimum of one month. | The VF LiquiGel is indicated for vocal fold medialization in the treatment of vocal fold insufficiency, where insufficiency may be improved by injection of a soft tissue bulking agent. VF LiquiGel injection augments the size of the displaced or deformed vocal fold so that it may meet the opposing fold at the midline for improved glottal closure. Improved glottal closure may allow improved phonation, improvement of cough, and an improved ability to protect the airway during swallowing. VF LiquiGel is a temporary implant that degrades over time. The product is intended to be durable for a minimum of one month. | Equivalent | None |
| Target Population | Patients requiring temporary vocal fold medialization | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Surgical Approach | Percutaneous or transoral | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Design | Cohesive gel supplied in a syringe ready to use | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Materials | A gel of injection grade water, glycerin, mannitol, NaOH and Carbopol 974P NF | Same, with a slightly lower pH | Equivalent | None |
| Biocompatibility | Meets ISO 10993 | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Materials Standards | NF/USP requirements | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Mechanism of Action | Gel providing temporary space filling | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Human Factors/How Supplied | Supplied Sterile in a syringe premixed and ready for injection | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Human Factors/ Quantity Supplied | Supplied pre-filled in a syringe filled to 0.5 and 1.3 cc for use in individual patients | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Sterility | Supplied sterile ready to use, Not to be resterilized | Same | Equivalent | None |
| Compatibility with other Devices | Syringe has Luer lock syringe that is compatible with needles with Luer fitting | Same | Equivalent | None |
·
#### Table 7: Substantial Equivalence Summarv
Image /page/2/Picture/4 description: The image shows a sequence of numbers, specifically "0000033". The numbers are printed in a simple, slightly distorted font, giving them a somewhat vintage or digitized appearance. The sequence consists of five zeros followed by two threes, with a small period at the end.
.
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000034
## SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE CONCLUSION
Based on the design, materials, function, intended use, and performance evaluations discussed herein, Coapt Systems believes the VF LiquiGel is substantially equivalent to the predicate device currently marketed under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. No new issues of safety or effectiveness were raised for the VF LiquiGel Device. Therefore, safety and effectiveness are reasonably assured, justifying 510(k) clearance for commercial sale.
{4}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the seal of the Department of Health & Human Services USA. The seal is circular and contains the department's name around the perimeter. In the center is a stylized image of an eagle with its wings spread.
SFP 1 1 2009
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Mail Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
Coapt Systems, Inc. c/o Mr. Louis-Pierre Marcoux Regulatory Affairs Manager 1820 Embarcadero Road Palo Alto, CA 94303
Re: K083783
Trade/Device Name: VF LiquiGel™ Regulation Number: 21 CFR 874.3620 Regulation Name: Ear, Nose, and Throat Synthetic Polymer Material Regulatory Class: II Product Code: MIX Dated: August 21, 2009 Received: August 24, 2009
Dear Mr. Marcoux:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA 's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act): 21 CFR 1000-1050.
{5}------------------------------------------------
### Page 2 - Mr. Louis-Pierre Marcoux
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please go to http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDRH/CDRHQffices/ucm115809.htm for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health's (CDRH's) Office of Compliance. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/mdr/ for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (240) 276-3150 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely yours,
E. R. Rehm, MD
Malvina B. Eydelman, M. Director Division of Ophthalmic, Neurological, and Ear, Nose and Throat Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{6}------------------------------------------------
Coapt Systems, Inc.
KOR 248.3 Special 510(k) Premarket Notification VF LiquiGel
# STATEMENT OF INDICATIONS FOR USE
510(k) Number (if known):
Not yet assigned
Device Name:
VF LiquiGel
Indications For Use:
The VF LiquiGel is indicated for vocal fold medialization in the treatment of vocal fold insufficiency, where insufficiency may be improved by injection of a soft tissue bulking agent. VF LiquiGel injection augments the size of the displaced or deformed vocal fold so that it may meet the opposing fold at the midline for improved glottal closure. Improved glottal closure may allow improved phonation, improvement of cough, and an improved ability to protect the airway during swallowing. VF LiquiGel is a temporary implant that degrades over time. The product is intended to be durable for a minimum of one month.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
AND/OR
Daniel C. Clapp
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Ophthalmic, Neurological and Ear, Nose and Throat Devices
510(k) Number K083783
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 807 Subpart C)
000013
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.