QUICKSCREEN BARBITURATE 300 SCREENING TEST, MODELS 9019, 9018; MULTI DRUG SCREENING TEST, MODEL 9317T; CUP MULTI DRUG SC
Device Facts
| Record ID | K070098 |
|---|---|
| Device Name | QUICKSCREEN BARBITURATE 300 SCREENING TEST, MODELS 9019, 9018; MULTI DRUG SCREENING TEST, MODEL 9317T; CUP MULTI DRUG SC |
| Applicant | Phamatech, Inc. |
| Product Code | DIS · Clinical Toxicology |
| Decision Date | Dec 7, 2007 |
| Decision | SESE |
| Submission Type | Traditional |
| Regulation | 21 CFR 862.3150 |
| Device Class | Class 2 |
Indications for Use
The QuickScreen Barbiturates Test is a qualitative in-vitro diagnostic screen that provides a preliminary result for the detection/presence of Barbiturates in urine. Tests for barbiturates cannot distinguish between abused drugs and certain prescribed medications. The cut-off concentration will be 300 ng/ml (secobarbital). It is intended for professional use only. This test provides only a preliminary test result. A more specific alternate testing method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method. Other confirmation methods are available. Clinical consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug of abuse test result, particularly when preliminary positive results are observed.
Device Story
QuickScreen devices are rapid, qualitative, one-step lateral flow immunoassays for detecting drug metabolites in urine. Input is a urine sample; device utilizes visual color sandwich immunochemical technology where specific antibodies bind to target analytes. Output is a visual qualitative result (presence/absence of drug) read by a professional user. Used in clinical or professional settings to provide preliminary screening results. Results require confirmation via GC/MS or other analytical methods. Assists healthcare providers in identifying potential drug abuse; clinical judgment required for interpretation.
Clinical Evidence
Clinical evidence includes clinical sample correlation studies and blind labeled spiked studies. Results demonstrated >97.9% correlation for barbiturates and >98% correlation for multi-drug panels when compared to predicate devices and GC/MS methodology. Overall accuracy reported as >97% in professional use settings. No clinical data beyond correlation/spiked studies provided.
Technological Characteristics
Lateral flow, one-step visual color sandwich immunoassay. Detects target analytes via antibody-antigen-antibody complexes. Form factors include test strips and drug cups. Standalone, non-electronic, visual readout. No external energy source required.
Indications for Use
Indicated for professional use in the qualitative detection of amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, opiates, PCP, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, methadone, and THC in human urine to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of drug abuse. Cannot distinguish between abused drugs and certain prescribed medications.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A barbiturate test system is a device intended to measure barbiturates, a class of hypnotic and sedative drugs, in serum, urine, and gastric contents. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of barbiturate use or overdose and in monitoring levels of barbiturate to ensure appropriate therapy.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). A barbiturate test system is not exempt if it is intended for any use other than employment or insurance testing or is intended for Federal drug testing programs. The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 862.9, provided the test system is intended for employment and insurance testing and includes a statement in the labeling that the device is intended solely for use in employment and insurance testing, and does not include devices intended for Federal drug testing programs (*e.g.,* programs run by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Department of Transportation (DOT), and the U.S. military).
Predicate Devices
- Phamatech QuickScreen Model 9026 and 9025 (k82152)
- Phamatech QuickScreen Pro Drug Cup Model 9195X and 9153 T (k001397, k043167)
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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510(k) SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE DETERMINATION
DECISION SUMMARY
ASSAY ONLY TEMPLATE
A. 510(k) Number:
k070098
B. Purpose for Submission:
Change in the barbiturate cutoff concentration from 200 ng/mL to 300 ng/mL
C. Measurand:
Barbiturates
D. Type of Test:
Qualitative
E. Applicant:
Phamatech, Inc.
F. Proprietary and Established Names:
Phamatech QuickScreen™ Barbiturates Test Models 9019, 9018
Phamatech QuickScreen™ Pro Multi Drug Screening Test model 9317T and 9187Z
G. Regulatory Information:
1. Regulation section:
21 CFR 862.3150 Barbiturate test system
2. Classification:
II
3. Product code:
DIS
4. Panel:
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91 (Toxicology)
## H. Intended Use:
1. Intended use(s):
See indications for use statement below.
2. Indication(s) for use:
**Phamatech QuickScreen™ Barbiturates Test Models 9019, 9018**
The QuickScreen Barbiturates Test is a qualitative in-vitro diagnostic screen that provides a preliminary result for the detection/presence of barbiturates in urine. Tests for barbiturates cannot distinguish between abused drugs and certain prescribed medications. The cut-off concentration will be 300 ng/ml (secobarbital). It is intended for professional use only.
**Phamatech QuickScreen™ Pro Multi Drug Screening Test Model 9317T**
QuickScreen™ Pro Multi Drug Screening Test is an in vitro diagnostic test for the qualitative detection of amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, opiates, PCP, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, methadone and THC in urine. Tests for prescription drugs cannot distinguish between abused drugs and certain prescribed medications. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of drug abuse. It is intended for professional use only.
| Amphetamine | 1000 ng/ml |
| --- | --- |
| Cocaine | 300 ng/ml |
| Methamphetamine | 1000 ng/ml |
| Opiates | 2000 ng/ml |
| PCP | 25 ng/ml |
| Barbiturates (Secobarbital) | 300 ng/ml |
| Benzodiazepines | 200 ng/ml |
| Methadone | 300 ng/ml |
| THC | 50 ng/ml |
**Phamatech QuickScreen™ Pro Drug Cup Model 9187Z**
QuickScreen™ Pro Drug Cup is an in vitro diagnostic test for the qualitative detection of amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, opiates, PCP, Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, methadone and THC in urine. Tests for prescription drugs cannot distinguish between abused drugs and certain prescribed medications. Measurements obtained by this device are used in the diagnosis and treatment of drug abuse. It is intended for professional use only.
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Amphetamine 1000 ng/ml
Cocaine 300 ng/ml
Methamphetamine 1000 ng/ml
Opiates 2000 ng/ml
PCP 25 ng/ml
Barbiturates (Secobarbital) 300 ng/ml
Benzodiazepines 200 ng/ml
Methadone 300 ng/ml
THC 50 ng/ml
3. Special conditions for use statement(s):
This test provides only a preliminary test result. A more specific alternate testing method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method. Other confirmation methods are available. Clinical consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug of abuse test result, particularly when preliminary positive results are observed.
4. Special instrument requirements:
Not applicable.
I. Device Description:
The single barbiturate test and multi drug test device employs lateral flow immunochromatographic technology and is based on the principle of competitive binding. The device is available in the cassette, dipstick and cup formats. Drugs, if present in concentrations below the cutoff level, will not saturate the binding sites of the antibody coated particles on the drug specific test strips. The goat-anti-rabbit IgG antibody-coated particles will then be captured by immobilized drug-specific conjugate. If the level of drug in the urine specimen is below the cutoff concentration, the T line appears as a visible burgundy line. If the level of drug in the urine specimen is above the cutoff, no T line develops. The control line (C line) serves as an internal quality control of the system. It should always appear as a burgundy-colored band regardless of the presence of the drug.
J. Substantial Equivalence Information:
1. Predicate device name(s):
Phamatech QuickScreen Model 9026 and 9025 (Cassette and Dipstick)
Phamatech QuickScreen Pro Drug Cup Model 9195X and 9153 T (Integrated Cup and Dip Card).
2. Predicate K number(s):
k82152, k001397 and k043167
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3. Comparison with predicate:
| Similarities | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Item | Device | Predicate |
| Cup and Card | | |
| Specimen | Urine | Urine |
| Methodology | Lateral flow immunoassay | Lateral flow immunoassay |
| Type | Qualitative | Qualitative |
| Analytes | Secobarbital | Secobarbital |
| User | Professional use | Professional Use |
| Cup and Dip card | | |
| Methodology | Lateral flow immunoassay | Lateral flow immunoassay |
| Formats | Cup and Dip card | Cup and Dip card |
| Specimen | Urine | Urine |
| Type | Qualitative | Qualitative |
| Analytes | cocaine (benzoylecgonine)
THC,
opiates,
amphetamine,
methamphetamine,
benzodiazepines,
barbiturates,
methadone
PCP | cocaine (benzoylecgonine)
THC,
opiates,
amphetamine,
methamphetamine,
benzodiazepines,
barbiturates,
methadone
PCP |
| | | |
| Differences | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Item | Device | Predicate |
| Cutoff | Secobarbital 300 mg/mL | Secobarbital 200 mg/mL |
K. Standard/Guidance Document Referenced (if applicable):
None were referenced.
L. Test Principle:
The QuickScreen™ Barbiturate tests are chromatographic absorbent devices in which drug metabolites in a sample compete with drug conjugate, immobilized on a porous support membrane, for a limited number of goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody binding sites. When a urine sample is applied to a test device, the barbiturates, if present in the test sample at a concentration of less than 300 ng/mL, will not block the binding sites of the immobilized antigen conjugate in the test region. The dye conjugate will migrate to the test region with the urine. There the dye conjugate will bind to barbiturate derivative immobilized in the test region of the membrane. As a result, a visible rose pink band will form in the test region, indicating a negative
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result. Conversely, where barbiturate concentrations are 300 ng/mL or more the antibody - dye conjugate binds to free drug forming a complex that competes with the immobilized antigen conjugate in the test region. This prevents the development of a rose pink band, indicating a positive sample.
## M. Performance Characteristics (if/when applicable):
### 1. Analytical performance:
#### a. Precision/Reproducibility:
Eight normal urine pools were spiked with secobarbital to concentrations of 0, 122, 162, 274, 300, 400, 490 and 800 ng/mL and confirmed by GC/MS. One replicate per level was assayed five times per day for 10 days with the cassette format. The results are shown in the table below.
| Phenobarbital Conc. (ng/mL) | % Cutoff Concentration | % Correct |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | <25% of cutoff | 100 |
| 122 | 26% to 50% of cutoff | 100 |
| 162 | 51% to 75% of cutoff | 100 |
| 274 | 76% to cutoff | 100 |
| 300 | Cutoff to 125% of cutoff | 100 |
| 400 | 126% to 150% of cutoff | 100 |
| 490 | 151% to 175% of cutoff | 100 |
| 800 | >176% of cutoff | 100 |
The sponsor conducted a bridging study to assess the equivalency of the 4 format types (dipstick, cassette and dip-card and cup). Fifty GC/MS confirmed urine samples that ranged from 50 to 2000 ng/mL were obtained from clinical sites and were tested in duplicates. The sponsor's results showed 100% agreement between formats.
#### b. Linearity/assay reportable range:
Not applicable. This assay is intended for qualitative use.
#### c. Traceability, Stability, Expected values (controls, calibrators, or methods):
This device has an internal process control. A line appearing in the control region confirms that sufficient sample volume has been applied and
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that the sample has migrated correctly on the test strip. Users are informed not to interpret the test if a line does not form in the control region. External controls are not supplied with this device but the manufacturer recommends the use of external controls in the labeling.
d. Detection limit:
See assay cutoff section below.
e. Analytical specificity:
To test the consistency of the test line and control line development, the sponsor tested four urine control pools and five patient samples. The pools and samples were analyzed in replicates of three using three lots of the QuickScreen Barbiturate 300 dipstick test. The results indicate that the development times were under the ten minutes given in the package insert.
The sponsor conducted a prozone study to test the effects of high barbiturate concentrations on the device. A GC/MS confirmed positive urine sample (>3000 ng/mL) was tested with three lots of the QuickScreen Barbiturate 300 test. The sponsor reported no interference with high barbiturate concentrations.
The sponsor conducted a prozone effect (hook-effect) study to evaluate the devices ability to detect high barbiturate concentrations. A GC/MS confirmed positive for barbiturate (concentration greater than 3000 mg/mL) was tested in three lots of the QuickScreen™ Test. All results for the barbiturates were positive and sponsor reports that there was no prozone effect observed.
The sponsor conducted a pH study to test for pH effects on the device. Three urine samples were aliquoted at barbiturate concentrations of 0, 835, and 3000 ng/mL. Each sample was then again aliquoted into five individual samples and each was adjusted to pH 4.5 to 8.5 (increments of 1 pH). The sponsor reports no adverse effect with varying pH levels.
The sponsor conducted a test strip flexibility study to determine the dip time for the strip test. Five urine samples were selected at random for this study. The samples had barbiturate concentrations of 0, 0, 449, 531 and 1146 ng/mL. The sample dip times were varied from 10 seconds to 600 seconds (10 minutes). The samples were run in three assays in triplicates. The samples produced 100% of the expected results.
The sponsor studied structurally related compounds to test for cross-reactivity in the QuickScreen Barbiturates 300 test. The compounds were prepared in normal human urine and the results (below) were expressed as the amount of compound capable of giving a result equivalent to 300 ng/mL secobarbital.
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| Alphenal 0.400 μg/mL | Butabarbital >0.800 μg/mL | Pentobarbital 0.250 μg/mL | Amobarbital 0.500 μg/mL |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Butabital 0.125 μg/mL | Phenobarbital 0.050 μg/mL | Secobarbital 0.300 μg/mL | |
A wide variety of compounds (n=167 see package insert for a complete list) were tested to 100,000 ng/mL and were found not to interfere or cross react. Additionally, the following compounds were tested to the stated concentration and were found not to cross react.
| Alprazolam -25 μg/mL | Fentanyl- 10 μg/mL | LSD 2.5 μg/mL |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Barbituric Acid 1000 μg/mL | Heroin – 10 μg/mL | Ethylmorphine- 10 μg/mL |
| 11-Hydroxy Δ⁹ HC- 5 μg/mL | | |
f. Assay cut-off:
The sponsor conducted a cutoff/sensitivity study on 80 assay urine samples. The results are presented below and support the sponsors claimed cutoff of 300 ng/mL.
| % of the cutoff concentration | Result | N |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0-20% | 100% negative | 10/10 |
| 26-50% | 100% negative | 10/10 |
| 51-75% | 100% negative | 10/10 |
| 76-100% | 80% negative | 8/10 |
| 101-125% | 100% positive | 10/10 |
| 126-150% | 100% positive | 10/10 |
| 151-175% | 100% positive | 10/10 |
| 176-200% | 100% positive | 10/10 |
2. Comparison studies:
a. Method comparison with predicate device:
The sponsor tested 152 GC/MS confirmed urine samples obtained from two clinical sites with two lots of BAR 300 (cassette and strip). QuickScreen test correctly detected >99% of the positive samples and >96% of the negative samples. The study included members of the barbiturate family that included amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital, butalbital and alphenal, Test results
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below were compared to their know GC/MS results. Samples were considered positive if they were at or higher than the cutoff of 300 ng/mL.
| | | | | Specimen cutoff range by GC/MS results | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quick Screen GC/MS | | 0-150 ng/mL | 151-225 ng/mL | 226-300 ng/mL | 300-375 ng/mL | 375-450 ng/mL | >450 ng/mL | % Agreement |
| | - | 19 | 42 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96% |
| | + | 0 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 6 | 16 | 99% |
b. Matrix comparison:
Not applicable: this device is only for use with urine samples.
3. Clinical studies:
a. Clinical Sensitivity:
Not applicable
b. Clinical specificity:
Not applicable
c. Other clinical supportive data (when a. and b. are not applicable):
Not applicable
4. Clinical cut-off:
Not applicable
5. Expected values/Reference range:
Not applicable
N. Proposed Labeling:
The labeling is sufficient and it satisfies the requirements of 21 CFR Part 809.10.
O. Conclusion:
The submitted information in this premarket notification is complete and supports a substantial equivalence decision.
