The IMPERIUM is intended to provide fluoroscopic and radiographic imaging of the patient during diagnostic, surgical and interventional procedures. Clinical applications may include but are not limited to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), orthopedic, neurologic, abdominal, vascular, cardiac, critical care and emergency room procedures. The system may be used for other imaging applications at physician's discretion.
Device Story
Mobile C-arm X-ray system for diagnostic, surgical, and interventional imaging. Inputs: X-ray radiation; outputs: fluoroscopic and radiographic images. Components: C-arm stand (high-frequency generator, X-ray tube, image intensifier, TV camera) and monitor trolley (display, image processing, recording). Operated by clinicians in OR, clinic, or ER. Features motorized movements (190° orbital, 20cm horizontal, 40cm vertical, ±12.5° swivel) and 78cm depth for patient access. Image processing includes last image hold, recursive filtering, real-time edge enhancement, zooming, reversal, rotation, and contrast/brightness adjustment. Supports Fluoroscopy, Pulsed Fluoroscopy, Digital Radiography, Cassette Radiography, DSA, and Roadman modes. Enables real-time visualization to guide procedures, potentially reducing procedure time and radiation dose via optimized source-to-image distance.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Conformance to performance standards (21 CFR 1020.30-32) and safety standards (IEC 60601 series, UL 2601, CSA-C22.2) verified via testing at manufacturing facility and independent organizations.
Indicated for patients requiring fluoroscopic and radiographic imaging during diagnostic, surgical, and interventional procedures, including orthopedic, neurologic, abdominal, vascular, cardiac, critical care, and emergency room applications.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
An image-intensified fluoroscopic x-ray system is a device intended to visualize anatomical structures by converting a pattern of x-radiation into a visible image through electronic amplification. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, component parts, and accessories.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls). An anthrogram tray or radiology dental tray intended for use with an image-intensified fluoroscopic x-ray system only is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9. In addition, when intended as an accessory to the device described in paragraph (a) of this section, the fluoroscopic compression device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.
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510(k) Application
IMPERIUM
K022114
# ELMSTech INC.
950 JERICHO TURNPIKE WESTBURY, NEW YORK 1 1590, USA TEL: (516) 338 9888 FAX: (516) 338 9889
SEP 1 7 2002
20 JUN 2002
# 510(k) Summary
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92.
1. Applicant
ELMSTECH, INC. 950 JERICHO TURNPIKE WESTBURY, NEW YORK 11590, USA
TEL: (516) 338 9888 FAX: (516) 338 9889
CONTACT PERSON: ROBERT MANNERS PRESIDENT
- 2. Device Identification
| Proprietary Device Name: | IMPERIUM MOBILE C-ARM X-RAY<br>EQUIPMENT |
|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| Common/Generic Device Name: | MOBILE C-ARM X-RAY EQUIPMENT |
| Classification Name: | SYSTEM, X-RAY, MOBILE |
| Product Code: | OWB, JAA & OYO |
| Regulatory Class: | Class II |
| Regulation Number: | 21 CFR 892.1720 + 892.1650 |
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### 3. Substantial Equivalence
The IMPERIUM MOBILE C-ARM X-RAY EQUIPMENT is substantially equivalent to the following currently marketed devices:
- GE OEC 9800 PLUS (K021049) ●
- SIEMENS MEDICAL SIREMOBIL ISO-C (K973598) .
## 4. Description of Device
The IMPERIUM is a mobile c-arm x-ray imaging equipment consisting of a carm stand and a monitor trolley. The c-arm stand holds the high-frequency x-ray generator, x-ray tube assembly, x-ray controls, image intensifier and TV camera. Monitor trolley supports the image display monitors, image processing and recording devices.
The IMPERIUM is designed to provide the user with smooth lincar and rotational movements around patient without need of further reorientations. The C-arm movements are fully motorized for ease of operation.
The IMPERIUM is designed according to such principles as lower dosage, better image quality and manipulation, workflow enhancement, operator and patient comfort and versatility. The IMPERIUM can be operated at Fluoroscopy, Pulsed Fluoroscopy, Digital Radiography, Cassette Radiography, Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) and Roadman modes. Image processing and storage capabilities such as last image hold, recursive filtering, real time edge enhancement, real time zooming, image reversal, continuous image rotation, radiation-free collimation and contrast/brightness adjustment are possible under user control.
# 5. Intended Use
The IMPERIUM is intended to provide fluoroscopic and radiographic imaging of the patient during diagnostic, surgical and interventional procedures. Clinical applications may include but are not limited to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), orthopedic, neurologic, abdominal, vascular, cardiac, critical care and emergency room procedures. The system may be used for other imaging applications at physician's discretion.
#### 6. Technological Characteristics
The IMPERIUM employs the same technological characteristics as the predicate devices. This device is intended for the same applications as the currently
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#### 510(k) Application
#### IMPERIUM
marketed predicate devices. All systems are image intensified mobile c-arm x-ray imaging systems with fluoroscopic and cassette exposure capabilities. Like the predicate devices. IMPERIUM consists of a c-arm stand, and standard system components: x-ray generator, x-ray tube, Image Intensifier, TV system and a monitor trolley.
The IMPERIUM is designed to give the best movement controls to the operator for quick and accurate imaging of the patient in order to save the dose and time. The orbital movement range of c-arm is 190°. The horizontal travel range is 20 cm and vertical travel range is 40 cm. The horizontal swivel range is ±12.5°. A large c-arm depth of 78 cm provides the user with comfortable patient access for the examinations. The image intensifier can be moved in up/down direction independently up to 20 cm to have less source-to-image intensifier distance. With this feature user can concentrate better on a specific region of interest while decreasing the dose applied and getting a better image quality.
- Isocentric C-arm ●
- Wide Orbital Angle range of 190°
- Large x-ray tube to image intensifier distance of 78 cm
- Independent source to image intensifier distance adjustment of 20 cm .
- . Fully motorized movements
## 7. Standards
The IMPERIUM is designed in accordance with the national and international product safety and performance requirements established in the following standards given in Table-1:
| 21 CFR 1020.30-32 | FEDERAL PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR<br>DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS |
|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| ANSI/NFPA 70&99 | NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE and STANDARD for<br>HEALTHCARE FACILITIES |
| UL 2601 | MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT |
| CSA-C22.2 No.<br>601.1-M90 | MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT |
| IEC 60601-1-1 | Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 1 General Requirements<br>for Safety" with Ammend 1 and 2 |
| IEC 60601-1-2 | Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 1 General Requirements<br>for Safety-2. Collateral Standard: Electromagnetic<br>Compatibility-Requirements and Tests |
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| IEC 60601-1-3 | Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 1 General Requirements<br>for Safety-3. Collateral Standard: General Requirements for<br>radiation protection in diagnostic x-ray equipment |
|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| IEC 60601-2-7 | Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 2 Particular<br>Requirements for the Safety of high-voltage generators of<br>diagnostic x-ray generators |
| IEC 60601-2-28 | Medical Electrical Equipment, X-Ray Tubes and X-Ray<br>Source Assemblies |
| IEC 60601-2-32 | Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 2 Particular<br>Requirements for the Safety of associated equipment of x-<br>ray equipment |
Table-1 Product Performance and Safety Standards
Results of performance and compliance testing conducted at manufacturing facility and independent test organizations on IMPERIUM system, indicates conformance to all applicable performance standards promulgated by FDA for these systems.
8. Conclusion
Based on the comparison to other devices in technological characteristics and intended usc, the IMPERIUM c-arm mobile x-ray imaging system is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices.
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Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo features a circular seal with the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is a stylized image of three human profiles facing to the right, rendered in a blue color.
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring, MD 20993
ELMSTech. Inc. % Mr. Tim Mangeruga Legal Assistant Manners & Associates. P.C. 950 Jericho Turnpike, Suite 100 WESTBURY NY 11590-1597
MAY 22 2012
Re: K022114
Trade/Device Name: Imperium Mobile C-arm X-Ray System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1650 Regulation Name: Image-intensified fluoroscopic x-ray system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: OWB, JAA and OXO Dated: June 21, 2002 Received: June 28, 2002
Dear Mr. Mangeruga:
This letter corrects our substantially equivalent letter of November 14. 2011.
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug. and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration. Iisting of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into class II (Special Controls), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807): labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809): medical device reporting (reporting of
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medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820). This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 796-5450. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely Yours,
Janine M. Morris
Acting Director Division of Radiological Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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510/k) Application
IMPERIUM
# STATEMENT OF INDICATIONS FOR USE
ELMSTECH, INC. Applicant:
> 950 JERICHO TURNPIKE WESTBURY, NEW YORK 11590, USA PHONE: (516) 338-9888 FAX: (516) 338-9889
KO22114 510(k) NUMBER:
IMPERIUM MOBILE C-ARM X-RAY IMAGING DEVICE NAME: EQUIPMENT
# INDICATIONS FOR USE:
The IMPERIUM is intended to provide fluoroscopic and radiographic imaging of the patient during diagnostic, surgical and interventional procedures. Clinical applications may include but are not limited to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), orthopedic, neurologic, abdominal, vascular, cardiac, critical care and emergency room procedures. The system may be used for other imaging applications at physician's discretion.
*Prescription Use*
David A. Ingram
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Reproductive. Ahdominal and Radiological Devicies 510(k) Number _
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.