Retrospective, clinically characterized patient serum samples; Normal healthy population blood donor samples
Retrospective patient sera were used to evaluate clinical sensitivity and specificity against established clinical diagnoses (e.g., SLE, APS, autoimmune diseases) and to establish expected values in a normal healthy population.
Prevalence of anti-cardiolipin IgG and IgM antibodies in a normal population
Indications for Use
The Diamedix Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test Kit is an indirect enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the semi-quantitative measurement of IgG or IgM antibodies to cardiolipin in human serum as an aid in the assessment of the risk of thrombosis in patients with SLE or SLE-like disorders. The test can be used either manually or in conjunction with the MAGO® Plus Automated EIA Processor.
Device Story
The Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test System is an indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) used to detect IgG or IgM antibodies to cardiolipin in human serum. The device utilizes microwells coated with purified cardiolipin and human β2-Glycoprotein I. Patient samples are added; if anti-cardiolipin antibodies are present, they bind to the well. An anti-human IgG or IgM horseradish peroxidase conjugate is added, followed by a substrate solution. The enzyme converts the substrate to a blue product, which turns yellow upon the addition of an acid stop solution. The final color intensity, measured spectrophotometrically at 450 nm, is directly proportional to the antibody concentration. The assay is performed either manually or using the MAGO Plus Automated EIA Processor in a clinical laboratory setting. Results assist clinicians in assessing thrombosis risk in patients with SLE or SLE-like disorders.
Clinical Evidence
Clinical performance was evaluated using 354 retrospective, clinically characterized sera, including 214 normal, 57 APS, 33 SLE, 35 other autoimmune, and 15 RPR-positive samples. For IgG, clinical sensitivity was 82.5% for APS and 21.2% for SLE; clinical specificity was 99.5% for normals. For IgM, clinical sensitivity was 47.4% for APS and 21.2% for SLE; clinical specificity was 98.5% for normals. Relative sensitivity and specificity were calculated against a comparative ELISA method, showing overall agreement of 97.4% (IgG) and 90.1% (IgM). Precision was assessed via intra-assay and inter-assay studies (CV% reported).
Technological Characteristics
Indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Components: cardiolipin-coated plastic microwells, human β2-Glycoprotein I, horseradish peroxidase conjugate. Detection: spectrophotometric at 450 nm (reference 600-630 nm). Calibration: 3-point or 6-point. Automation: compatible with MAGO Plus Automated EIA Processor. Manual or automated processing.
Indications for Use
Indicated for semi-quantitative measurement of IgG or IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies in human serum to aid in assessing thrombosis risk in patients with SLE or SLE-like disorders. For prescription use.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A multiple autoantibodies immunological test system is a device that consists of the reagents used to measure by immunochemical techniques the autoantibodies (antibodies produced against the body's own tissues) in serum and other body fluids. Measurement of multiple autoantibodies aids in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders (disease produced when the body's own tissues are injured by autoantibodies).
Predicate Devices
Orgentec Anti-cardiolipin ELISA Assay
Submission Summary (Full Text)
{0}------------------------------------------------
## OCT 2 6 2001
K0124449
### 510(k) Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92.
The assigned 510(k) number is: K012449
### Applicant Information:
| Date Prepared: | October 17, 2001 |
|----------------|-----------------------------------------|
| Name: | Diamedix Corporation |
| Address: | 2140 N. Miami Avenue<br>Miami, FL 33127 |
| Contact Person: | Dr. Lynne Stirling |
|-----------------|--------------------|
| Phone Number: | 305-324-2354 |
| Fax Number: | 305-324-2388 |
### Device Information:
| Trade Name: | Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test System |
|----------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| Common Name: | Anti-Cardiolipin ELISA test |
| Classification Name: | Anticardiolipin immunological test system |
### Equivalent Device:
Orgentec Anti-cardiolipin ELISA Assay
Device Description: The Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test System is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the semi-quantitative measurement of IgG or IgM antibodies to cardiolipin in human serum
Intended Use: The assay is intended for the semi-quantitative measurement of IgG or IgM antibodies to cardiolipin in human serum. The results of the assay can be used as an aid in the assessment of the risk of thrombosis in patients with SLE or SLE-like dosorders.
### Principle of the Procedure:
The Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test System is an indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Highly purified cardiolipin is coated onto plastic microwells and saturated with highly purified human (32-Glycoprotein I. Standards, controls and diluted patient samples are added to the wells. Any patient IgG or IgM antibodies in the sample bind to the well. Anti-human IgG or IgM horseradish peroxidase conjugate is then added After incubation and washing, a substrate solution is then added to each well. In the presence of bound enzyme, the substrate is converted to a blue colored product. After acid additon to stop the reaction, a yellow end product is formed that is read spectrophotometrically at 450 nm (reference 600-630 nm) and is directly proportional to the concentration of cardiolipin IgG or IgM antibodies in the sample.
{1}------------------------------------------------
# SUMMARY OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS
## Performance Characteristics
Non-clinical studies were performed using the manual method and 6-point calibration unless otherwise indicated.
### A. 3-point vs 6-point calibration
To demonstrate the equivalence of both calibration methods the results of 172 samples tested using the Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG and 193 samples tested using the Is-anti-cardiolipin IgM calculated using either the 3-point or 6-point calibration systems were subjected to linear regression analysis. Scattergrams and regression lines of the results obtained with 95% confidence intervals are shown in FIGURES 1 and 2. Also included are the regression statistics.
Image /page/1/Figure/5 description: The image contains two scatter plots comparing 3-point and 6-point result correlations for anti-Cardiolipin IgG and IgM. Figure 1 shows the correlation for IgG, with the equation Y = 2.4036 + 0.9996X, a sample size of 172, and a correlation coefficient of 0.9861. Figure 2 displays the correlation for IgM, with the equation Y = 0.5333 + 0.9411X, a sample size of 162, and a correlation coefficient of 0.9925.
### B. Relative Sensitivity and Specificity
One hundred and seventy-two frozen retrospective sera were tested for IgG antibodies and one hundred and ninety--four frozen retrospective sera were tested for IgM antibodies using the Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test Kit and a commercially available ELISA kit for detecting IgC and/or IgM cardiolipin antibodies. Based on the results of this testing the relative sensitivity, specificity and overall agreement were calculated. The resultsobtained are shown in TABLES 1 and 2. For anti-cardiolipin IgG, further resolution of the discordant samples showed that the four samples that were negative in the Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG and positive by the other EIA were also negative by a referee EIA method. For anti-cardiolipin IgM, further resolution of the discordant samples showed that of the 16 samples negative in the Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgM and positive in the other EIA, thirteen were negative and three were positive by a referee method.
#### TABLE 1
#### TABLE 2
| | | Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG | | |
|----------------------|------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-----------|
| | | Positive | Negative | Equivocal |
| Other<br>EIA | Positive | 43 | 4 | 0 |
| | Negative | 0 | 107 | 0 |
| | *Equivocal | 3 | 15 | 0 |
| | | **95% CI | | |
| Relative Sensitivity | | $43/47 = 91.5 \%$ | 79.6-97.6% | |
| Relative Specificity | | $107/107 = 100.0 \%$ | 96.6-100.0% | |
| Overall Agreement | | $150/154 = 97.4 \%$ | 93.5-99.3% | |
| | Positive | Negative | Equivocal | |
| Positive | 58 | 16 | 6 | |
| Negative | 0 | 87 | 0 | |
| *Equivocal | 0 | 27 | 0 | |
| Relative Sensitivity | 58/74 | = 78.4 % | **95% CI<br>767.3-87.1% | |
| Relative Specificity | 87/87 | = 100.0% | 95.8-100.0% | |
| Overall Agreement | 145/161 | = 90.1% | 84.4-94.2% | |
#### Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgM
{2}------------------------------------------------
- * Equivocal results were excluded from calculations. ** 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) calculated by the Exact Method .
NOTE : Please be advised that relative' refers to the comparison of the assay's on the of a similar assay. There was not an attempt to correlate the assay's results with disease presence or absence. No judgement can be made on the comparison's accuracy to predict disease.
Linear regression analyses and scattergrams for the correlation studies with the comparative method are shown in FIGURES 3 and 4.
Image /page/2/Figure/3 description: The image contains two scatter plots comparing two different methods. The first scatter plot, titled "FIGURE 3: Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG Correlation with Comparative Method", plots the comparative method GPL U/ml against Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG GPL U/ml. The equation of the regression line is Y = 1.0977 + 0.8910 X, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9600 and a coefficient of determination of 0.9216. The second scatter plot, titled "FIGURE 4: Is anti-Cardiolipin IgM Correlation with Comparative Method", plots the comparative method MPL U/ml against Is-anti-cardiolipin IgM MPL U/ml, with a regression equation of Y = 1.6035 + 0.8449 X, a correlation coefficient of 0.9687, and a coefficient of determination of 0.9383.
## C. Clinical Sensitivity and Specificity
A total of three hundred and fifty-four frozen retrospective, clinically characterized sera were assayed wing the A total of mree hundred and inty-four reassess both the clinical sensitivity and clines and estincity of the Is anti-Cardiding in These samples consisted of 214 normal sera, 57 sera from patients with disamotions of assay System. These samples Consisted of 214 notinal organ of themators (SE), 35 sera from patients with lipid syndrome (APS), 35 Sell from patchs with systems, polymyositisdematomyositis and theumaother autominate uiseasss suer as SJOgiors bynershop or success. Results are summarized in TABLE 3.
Note that the analytical sensitivity, or limit of detection, calculated by assaying Standard A. 20 times and taking Note that the allarytical Schsirvity, or mint of economined as being 0.4 GPL or MPL U/ml.
{3}------------------------------------------------
| TABLE 3 | | | | | |
|------------------------------|-------|-------------------------|-------------------|-------------------------|-------------------|
| | | IgG | | IgM | |
| Patient Group | Total | Positive | Negative / Equiv. | Positive | Negative / Equiv. |
| Normals | 214 | 1 | 213 | 3 | 211 |
| APS | 57 | 47 | 10 | 27 | 30 |
| SLE | 33 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 |
| Other Autoimmune<br>Diseases | 35 | 3 | 32 | 5 | 30 |
| RPR Positive | 15 | 4 | 11 | 4 | 11 |
| Clinical Specificity: | | IgG | | IgM | |
| | | # Neg or Equiv./Total # | | # Neg or Equiv./Total # | |
| Normals | | 213/214 = 99.5% | | 211/214 = 98.5% | |
| RPR Positive | | 11/15 = 73.3% | | 11/15 = 73.3% | |
| Clinical Sensitivity : | | IgG | | IgM | |
| | | # Pos/Total # | | # Pos/Total # | |
| APS | | 47/57 = 82.5% | | 27/57 = 47.4% | |
| SLE | | 7/33 = 21.2% | | 7/33 = 21.2% | |
| Other Autoimmune<br>Diseases | | 3/35 = 8.6% | | 5/35 = 14.2% | |
### D. Cross Reactivity
To assess the potential for positive results due to cross reactive antibition the Is antil Cardicalism Incl various autoantibodies (SSA/SSB, Scl-70, J-1, dsDNA and RF) were tested using the Is-anti-Cardiolini 2gG/Lyl various autoanthodies (SSASSB, SCF-70, Jo-1, used and one sample positive for dobby for doDNA Test Kit. In all, 36 sample were tested. One sample positive for veraining 34 samples were negative.
### E. Linearity
To assess the linearity of the Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test Kir several highty positive samples were serially To assess the linearity of the Is-ant-Calition was the tested in the respectively of or IDM assay systems. Repress sentative linear regression graphs and scategrams with 95% confidence intervals are presented in FIGURES 5 and 6.
Image /page/3/Figure/5 description: The image contains two scatter plots, labeled as Figure 5 and Figure 6. Figure 5 shows the linearity of Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG, with the equation Y = -4.9960 + 147.5101 X. The intercept is -4.99597, the slope is 147.51010, the coefficient of determination is 0.9915, the correlation coefficient r is 0.9957, and the 95% CI for r is 0.9756 to 0.9993. Figure 6 shows the linearity of Is anti-Cardiolipin IgM, with the equation Y = 4.0837 + 87.9931 X, and the intercept is 4.08374, the slope is 87.99309, the coefficient of determination is 0.9701, the correlation coefficient r is 0.9849, and the 95% CI for r is 0.9275 to 0.9969.
{4}------------------------------------------------
### F. Correlation of Manual and MAGO Plus results
The Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test Kit has been developed for automated as well as manual use. To demonstrate the equivalence of the manual and MAGO Plus procedures, the results of 172 serum samples tested for sative and of antibodies and 162 sera tested for anti-cardiolipin IgM by both the manual and automated methods were plotted. Scatter rams and regression lines of the results obtained with 95% confidence intervals mentown in FIGURES 7 and 8. The data indicate good correlation with a Correlation Coefficients (r) of 0.983 for anti-cardiolipin IgG and 0.9917 for anti-cardiolipin IgM.
Image /page/4/Figure/2 description: The image contains two scatter plots comparing manual and MAGO Plus correlation for anti-Cardiolipin IgG and IgM. The left plot, labeled "FIGURE 7: Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG," shows a linear relationship with the equation Y = 1.1058 + 1.1976 X, a sample size of 172, a coefficient of determination of 0.9768, and a correlation coefficient of 0.9883. The right plot, labeled "FIGURE 8: Is anti-Cardiolipin IgM," also shows a linear relationship with the equation Y = 1.3732 + 1.1510 X, a sample size of 162, a coefficient of determination of 0.9835, and a correlation coefficient of 0.9917.
With the 6-point calibration, linear regression of the IgG results showed (automated) = 1.0696 (manual) + 4.0821; with the o point date most, are 1.0174 to 1.1218 and 1.3042 to 6.8600 respectively. For gM results (automated) = 1.0169 (manual) + 2.2121; r = 0.9772. 95% CI for the slope and the intercept are 0.9824 to 1.0514 and 1.1343 to 3.2899 respectively.
### G. Precision
To assess the precision of the Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test Kit six serum samples of varying reactivity were tested in triplicate in three separate runs. Precision was assessed both manually and using the MAGO Plus Automated EIA Processor. Precision was assessed for both IgG and IgM antibody types. The results obtained using 6-point Calibration are shown in TABLES 4-7.
TABLE 4 : Manual Intra-Assay and Interassay Precision for Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG
| SERUM | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 1 | | | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 2 | | | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 3 | | | INTERASSAY (n=9) | | |
|-------|-------------------|------|------|-------------------|------|------|-------------------|-------|-------|------------------|------|-------|
| | MEAN<br>GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>GPL | SD | CV% |
| A | 1.6 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.6 | 0.06 | 3.69 | 1.6 | 0.12 | 7.07 | 1.6 | 0.07 | 4.42 |
| B | 1.1 | 0.06 | 5.41 | 1.1 | 0.06 | 5.41 | 1.1 | 0.06 | 5.09 | 1.1 | 0.06 | 5.52 |
| C | 17.4 | 0.45 | 2.59 | 17.6 | 1.69 | 9.63 | 18.6 | 1.53 | 8.23 | 17.9 | 1.28 | 7.17 |
| D | 25.4 | 2.11 | 8.30 | 24.8 | 1.39 | 5.60 | 27.2 | 1.21 | 4.46 | 25.8 | 1.78 | 6.89 |
| E | 35.3 | 0.72 | 2.05 | 29.0 | 0.58 | 1.99 | 31.2 | 1.59 | 5.10 | 31.8 | 2.92 | 9.17 |
| F | 58.1 | 2.19 | 3.77 | 74.6 | 2.00 | 2.68 | 73.5 | 10.15 | 13.82 | 68.7 | 9.57 | 13.93 |
TABLE 5 : MAGO Plus - Intra-Assay and Interassay Precision for Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG
| SERUM | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 1 | | | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 2 | | | INTRA-ASSAY DAY 3 | | | INTERASSAY (n=9) | | |
|-------|-------------------|------|-------|-------------------|------|-------|-------------------|------|-------|------------------|-------|-------|
| | MEAN GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN GPL | SD | CV% | MEAN GPL | SD | CV% |
| A | 2.5 | 0.47 | 18.90 | 3.2 | 0.58 | 17.86 | 3.9 | 1.23 | 31.51 | 3.2 | 0.95 | 29.69 |
| B | 1.3 | 0.15 | 11.75 | 2.0 | 0.12 | 5.87 | 1.9 | 0.10 | 5.26 | 1.7 | 0.35 | 20.59 |
| C | 29.1 | 1.15 | 3.96 | 31.8 | 1.06 | 3.33 | 40.0 | 6.32 | 15.79 | 33.6 | 5.90 | 17.56 |
| D | 39.7 | 7.45 | 18.76 | 42.9 | 1.18 | 2.76 | 49.2 | 4.51 | 9.16 | 44.0 | 6.07 | 13.80 |
| E | 41.5 | 0.90 | 2.16 | 45.2 | 2.68 | 5.92 | 51.5 | 1.76 | 3.41 | 46.1 | 4.69 | 10.17 |
| F | 95.3 | 2.30 | 2.42 | 81.1 | 5.00 | 6.16 | 71.3 | 7.04 | 9.87 | 82.6 | 11.34 | 13.73 |
{5}------------------------------------------------
TABLE 6 : Manual Intra-Assay and Interassay Precision for Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgM
| SERUM | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 1 | | | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 2 | | | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 3 | | | INTERASSAY (n=9) | | |
|-------|-------------------|------|-------|-------------------|------|------|-------------------|------|-------|------------------|------|-------|
| | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% |
| A | 0.8 | 0.15 | 18.33 | 1.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.8 | 0.12 | 15.06 | 0.9 | 0.18 | 20.03 |
| B | 1.1 | 0.12 | 10.19 | 1.4 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.9 | 0.06 | 6.19 | 1.2 | 0.21 | 18.41 |
| C | 26.0 | 0.35 | 1.35 | 26.2 | 0.61 | 2.32 | 21.2 | 2.18 | 10.29 | 24.5 | 2.73 | 11.15 |
| D | 35.3 | 0.53 | 1.50 | 36.1 | 1.50 | 4.17 | 31.5 | 0.85 | 2.70 | 34.3 | 2.29 | 6.67 |
| E | 61.4 | 2.60 | 4.23 | 65.6 | 1.86 | 2.83 | 55.5 | 0.35 | 0.62 | 60.8 | 4.67 | 7.67 |
| F | 63.3 | 3.87 | 6.11 | 65.3 | 3.23 | 4.96 | 62.6 | 2.60 | 4.16 | 63.7 | 3.08 | 4.84 |
TABLE 7 : MAGO Plus - Intra-Assay and Interassay Precision for Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgM
| SERUM | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 1 | | | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 2 | | | INTRA-ASSAY RUN 3 | | | INTERASSAY (n=9) | | |
|-------|-------------------|------|-------|-------------------|------|------|-------------------|------|------|------------------|------|-------|
| | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% | MEAN<br>MPL | SD | CV% |
| A | 2.6 | 0.25 | 9.68 | 1.9 | 0.06 | 2.99 | 1.8 | 0.06 | 3.15 | 2.1 | 0.37 | 17.62 |
| B | 2.8 | 0.21 | 7.43 | 2.2 | 0.15 | 6.84 | 2.0 | 0.12 | 5.87 | 2.3 | 0.38 | 16.52 |
| C | 29.4 | 2.05 | 6.98 | 30.8 | 1.30 | 4.22 | 25.0 | 0.95 | 3.79 | 28.4 | 2.95 | 10.39 |
| D | 37.7 | 1.60 | 4.24 | 40.6 | 2.31 | 5.69 | 36.7 | 2.53 | 6.91 | 38.3 | 2.60 | 6.79 |
| E | 65.8 | 3.25 | 4.94 | 70.4 | 0.65 | 0.92 | 59.5 | 2.81 | 4.73 | 65.2 | 5.22 | 8.01 |
| F | 85.9 | 9.30 | 10.83 | 80.2 | 2.00 | 2.49 | 66.7 | 2.87 | 4.30 | 77.6 | 9.88 | 12.73 |
{6}------------------------------------------------
# Expected Values
The prevalence of anti-cardiolipin IgG and/or IgM antibodies may vary depending on anumber of factors such I he prevaler, geographical location, race, type of test used and clinical history of individual patients. as age, generalizar to and in absent, tace, type of two a very low incident in the normal healthy population. Increased incidence can occur in the elderly population. A published study has shown a prevacy population population. Increased includence can occur in the encorry popular on 2% for a younger population. In the encrying for addition, anti-cardiolipin antibodies were detected in 23% of elderly individuals who were also positive for anti-nuclear antibodies (13).
In the present study, the expected values for a normal, healthy population were assessed by testing sera from In In the present study, the expected values to a normal, notal.of per-Cardiolipin IgC/I/DM Test Sitting both Igor one hundred and lorty-eight 3. Fronta blood dones in and forty-seven seral (99.3%) were negative for antibod ies, one serum (0.7%) was positive and none were equivocal. For IgM antibodies, and forty-six ies, one serum (0.7%) was positive and none were equivocal. The age distribution and (90.0%) weevalences for this population are shown in TABLE 8.
The expected values for a clinical population were assessed by testing fifty-seven sera from patients with antibody The expected values for a Cilincal population were assessed of artify of the Arman Matthody types. Forty-seven (82.5%) were positive, nine (15.8%) were regative and one (1.7%) was equivocal for IgCly was types. Forty-seven (47.3%) were positive, twenty-nine (50.9%) were negative, and one (1.7%) was equivocal for IgM antibodies.
equired to oget and antibodies are shown in FIGURES 9-12.
| Total Number | Number of Donors | Prevalence | |
|-------------------------|---------------------|------------|------|
| | 148 | IgG | IgM |
| Geographic<br>Location: | South Florida : 148 | 0.7% | 1.4% |
| Age | | | |
| 10-19 | 7 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 20-29 | 36 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 30-39 | 73 | 0.0% | 2.7% |
| 40-49 | 22 | 4.5% | 0.0% |
| 50-59 | 8 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 60-69 | 2 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
### TABLE 8: Age Distribution and Prevalence of anti-Cardiolipin IgG and IgM Antibodies in a Normal S. Florida Population
{7}------------------------------------------------
FIGURE 9 Distribution of anti-Cardiolipin IgG in a Normal Population
FIGURE 10 Distribution of anti-Cardiolipin IgM in a Normal Population
Image /page/7/Figure/2 description: This image is a histogram showing the frequency of GPL U/ml. The x-axis represents GPL U/ml, ranging from 0 to 55, while the y-axis represents frequency, ranging from 0 to 160. The histogram shows a high frequency around 0-5 GPL U/ml, with the frequency being around 140. There are also some frequencies around 45-55 GPL U/ml, but they are much lower.
Image /page/7/Figure/3 description: This image is a histogram showing the frequency of MPL U/ml. The x-axis represents MPL U/ml, ranging from 0 to 18, while the y-axis represents the frequency, ranging from 0 to 100. The histogram shows that the highest frequency occurs at the lowest MPL U/ml values, with a tall bar at the beginning, and the frequency decreases as the MPL U/ml values increase.
FIGURE 11 Distribution of anti-Cardiolipin IgG in a Clinical Population
Image /page/7/Figure/5 description: The image shows the title of a figure. The figure is labeled as "FIGURE 12". The title of the figure is "Distribution of anti-Cardiollpin IgM in a Clinical Population".
Image /page/7/Figure/6 description: This image is a histogram showing the frequency of GPL U/ml. The x-axis represents GPL U/ml, ranging from 0 to 200, while the y-axis represents frequency, ranging from 0 to 16. The histogram shows the distribution of GPL U/ml values, with the highest frequency occurring between 0 and 20, with a frequency of approximately 15.
Image /page/7/Figure/7 description: The image is a histogram showing the frequency of MPL U/ml. The x-axis represents MPL U/ml, ranging from 0 to 120, while the y-axis represents frequency, ranging from 0 to 30. The histogram shows a high frequency at the lower end of MPL U/ml, with the highest frequency around 0, and a smaller peak around 100 MPL U/ml.
{8}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/8/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo is a circular seal with the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is an abstract image of a stylized caduceus, a symbol often associated with healthcare. The caduceus is depicted with a staff entwined by a serpent, representing healing and medicine.
OCT 2 6 2001
Food and Drug Administration 2098 Gaither Road Rockville MD 20850
Lynne Stirling, Ph.D. Vice President, Regulatory Affairs Diamedix Corporation 2140 North Miami Avenue Miami. Florida 33127
Re: K012449
Trade/Device Name: Diamedix Is-anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgM Test System Regulation Number: 21 CFR § 866.5660 Regulation Name: Multiple Autoantibodies Immunological Test System Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: MID Dated: September 28, 2001 Received: October 1, 2001
Dear Dr. Stirling:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device wo nave ro rowed your we determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate 101 as stated in the encreations of the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to conincered prices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, de necs that have been resuire approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). and Cosmetic Frev (110) inst the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The r ou may, diereleve, mains of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of general voltaron provisions practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean r that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act that I Dri has intact a and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must or any I oderal statutes and securements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set OF R Fat 6077, accems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic forth in the quality by events (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
{9}------------------------------------------------
### Page 2
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed nouncation. The I Dr Imanig of cassification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFF Part 801 and II you desire specific acin vitto diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at additionally 607.10 for in This diagliestions on the promotion and advertising of your device, (201) 594-1566. Traditional (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small monifacturers International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or Manufacturers internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
Steven Autman
Steven I. Gutman, M.D., M.B.A. Director Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{10}------------------------------------------------
## Appendix G. Indications for Use Statement
## INDICATIONS FOR USE STATEMENT
510(K) NUMBER : _ K O/2449
# DEVICE NAME : Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/IgMTest System
Indications for Use : The Diamedix Is anti-Cardiolipin IgG/lgM Test Kit is multations for USC : The Blains (EIA) for the semi-quantitative meaan indirect enzyme immanoaocay (2.1%) in human serum as an
surement of IgG or IgM antibodies to cardiolipin in human situs of Engl surement of ige of ight antiboution to the risk of thrombosis in patient with SLE or ald in the assessment of the not of the of all be used either manually or in conjunction with the MAGO® Plus Automated EIA Processor
Szusan Altaie
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices
510(k) Number K012449
For prescription Use X
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Learn the FDA Browser
Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.