K012290 · 3D Med Co., Ltd. · LLZ · Sep 28, 2001 · Radiology
Device Facts
Record ID
K012290
Device Name
RAPIDIA
Applicant
3D Med Co., Ltd.
Product Code
LLZ · Radiology
Decision Date
Sep 28, 2001
Decision
SESE
Submission Type
Traditional
Regulation
21 CFR 892.2050
Device Class
Class 2
Attributes
Software as a Medical Device
Indications for Use
The Rapidia® is a software package intended for viewing and manipulating DICOM-compliant medical images from CT (computerized tomography) and MR (magnetic resonance) scanners. Rapidia can be used for real-time viewing, image manipulation, segmentation, 3D volume and surface rendering, virtual endoscopy, and reporting.
Device Story
Rapidia is a software-based image processing and 3D visualization system. It accepts DICOM-compliant CT and MR image data as input. The software performs image processing tasks including volume rendering (VR), maximum/minimum intensity projection (MIP/MinIP), surface shaded display (SSD), multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), virtual endoscopy, 2D image editing, and segmentation. It generates 2D/3D visualizations and clinical reports. The device is intended for use by healthcare professionals on a personal computer. It assists clinicians in diagnostic assessment and surgical planning by providing advanced visualization of anatomical structures.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. Validation testing confirmed the software performs all input/output functions and actions according to the Software Requirements Specification (SRS). Conforms to DICOM Version 3 standards.
Technological Characteristics
Software-based image processing system. Operates on standard personal computers. Compatible with DICOM Version 3. Features include volume rendering, MIP/MinIP, SSD, MPR, virtual endoscopy, and 2D segmentation.
Indications for Use
Indicated for clinicians requiring viewing and manipulation of DICOM-compliant CT and MR medical images for diagnostic purposes.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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K012290
Page 1 of 2
# SEP 2 8 2001
## 510(k) SUMMARY 3D Med Co., Ltd. Rapidia®
### Submitter Name and Address 1.
Mr. Jae Jeong Choi 3D Med Co., Ltd. 940-319 Research Park SNU, San 4-8 Bongcheon-dong, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-818 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
82-2-889-1765 Telephone: Date Prepared: July 19, 2001
#### Device Name 2.
Rapidia® Proprietary Name: Common/Usual Name: Image processing and 3D visualization system Picture archiving and communications system Classification Name:
#### Predicate Device 3.
Plug'n View 3D (K993654)
#### 4. Intended Use
The Rapidia® is a software package intended for viewing and manipulating DICOM-compliant medical images from CT (computerized tomography) and MR (magnetic resonance) scanners. Rapidia can be used for real-time viewing, image manipulation, segmentation, 3D volume and surface rendering, virtual endoscopy, and reporting.
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#### Device Description ನ.
K012290
Page 2 of 2
Rapidia® is a fast, practical and accurate tool for 3D (three dimensional) and 2D (two dimensional) viewing and manipulation of CT and MRI images using the most advanced graphics rendering technology. The proposed software provides volume rendering (VR), maximum/minimum intensity projection 3D (MIP/MinIP), surface shaded display (SSD), multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), virtual endoscopy, 2D image editing and segmentation (2D), and issues reports.
#### Technological Characteristics 6.
The proposed and predicate devices are both software programs that can be used for manipulation of DICOM-compliant CT and MRI images. The proposed and predicate software can be operated from a personal computer. Differences between the proposed and predicate devices are limited to the availability of certain image viewing and editing features.
#### 7. Performance Testing
The proposed Rapidia® software conforms to DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) Version 3. Validation testing was provided that confirms that Rapidia® performs all input functions, output functions, and all required actions according to the functional requirements specified in the Software Requirements Specification (SRS).
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Image /page/2/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is a stylized image of three human profiles facing to the right, stacked on top of each other.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
SEP 2 8 2001
3D Med Co., Ltd. % Cynthia J. M. Nolte, Ph.D., RAC Staff Consultant Medical Device Consultants, Inc. 49 Plain Street NORTH ATTLEBORO MA 02760 Re: K012290
Trade/Device Name: Rapidia® Image Processing System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Picture Archiving and Communications System Regulatory Class: II
Product Code: 90 LLZ Dated: July 19, 2001 Received: July 20, 2001
Dear Dr. Nolte:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
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This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please 11 you attime Office of Compliance at one of the following numbers, based on the regulation number at the top of this letter:
| 8xx.1xxx | (301) 594-4591 |
|----------------------------------|----------------|
| 876.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 884.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 892.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4654 |
| Other | (301) 594-4692 |
Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). Other general information on of responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.
Sincerely yours,
Nancy C. Brogdon
Nancy C. Brogdon Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Kol2290 510(k) Number (if known):
Rapidia® Device Name:
Indications For Use:
Rapidia® is a software package intended for viewing and manipulating DICOM-compliant Rapidia - is a software paring - Rapidia® can be used for real-time viewing, moded manipulation, segmentation, 3D volume and surface rendering, virtual endoscopy, and issuing reports.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NECESSARY)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Nancy C Brogdon
(Division Sign-Off)
Division of Reproductive, Abdominal,
and Radiological Devices
510(k) Number K012290
Prescription Use
(Per 21 CFR 801.109)
OR
Over-The-Counter Use _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3D Med Co., Ltd. 510(k) Rapidia®
July 19, 2001
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1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
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Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
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Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
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Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
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Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
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Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
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Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
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What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
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Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.
