The EL-DRY 4000 digitizes image data output from medical imaging apparatus in the form of video or digital signals, then records this printing data onto the Kodak DryView laser film by mean of semiconductor laser. The intended use of the EL-DRY 4000 is to produce radiological quality film copies of digital or video medical images.
Device Story
Desktop radiographic laser imager; accepts video or digital medical image signals; processes data via microprocessor; records images onto Kodak DryView laser film using semiconductor laser. Operated by clinical staff in medical imaging environments. Features imaging pad for selecting formats (1-24 images), system status, and 15 LUT settings for film density. Output provides hard copy radiological films for physician review and clinical decision-making. Benefits include standardized, high-quality film documentation of digital/video diagnostic images.
Clinical Evidence
Bench testing only. No clinical data provided.
Technological Characteristics
Desktop laser imager; infra-red laser diode exposure; 80x80 micron pixel size; 12-bit grayscale (4,096 steps). Supports DICOM, video, and digital interfaces. Microprocessor-controlled with LCD readout and imaging pad interface. 15 LUT settings. Dimensions: 522x650x390mm; Weight: 70kg. Power: 100-120/200-240VAC. Complies with UL 2601-1, CSA-C22.2 #601-1, IEC 60101, IEC 60825, and IEC 60601-2.
Indications for Use
Indicated for the production of radiological quality film copies of digital or video medical images for clinical diagnostic use.
Regulatory Classification
Identification
A medical image hardcopy device is a device that produces a visible printed record of a medical image and associated identification information. Examples include multiformat cameras and laser printers.
Special Controls
*Classification.* Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.
Predicate Devices
Kodak DryView 8100
Submission Summary (Full Text)
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## 510(k) Summary
### 1. Company Identification
K011949
#### Elk Corporation
2-17-4 Yushima Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan Tel. (03) 3818-1324 Fax (03) 3818-1814 e-mail elkint@ca.mbn.or.jb
### 2. Official Correspondent
Gary J. Allsebrook, Consultant Regulatory Management Services 16303 Panoramic Way San Leandro CA 94578-1116 Tel: 510-276-2648 Fax: 510-276-3559 Email: regman1@home.com
#### 3. Date of Submission
June 19, 2001
#### 4. Device Name
| Classification Name: | Medical Image Hard Copy Devices were evaluated<br>by the Radiology panel and are classified in Class I<br>per 21 CFR §892.2040. ProCode LMC |
|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Common/Usual Name: | Laser Imager & Video Capture |
| Proprietary Name: | Elk Laser Imager, Model EL-DRY 4000 |
#### 5. Substantial Equivalence
Kodak DryView 8100, 510(k) number unknown
### 6. Device Description and Intended Use
The EL-DRY 4000 is a desk top radiographic Laser Imager. The EL-DRY 4000 The EL-DN I - 1000 10 a deen top edical imaging apparatus in the form of video or digital signals, then records this printing data onto the Kodak DryView laser film by mean of semiconductor laser. Digitized image data is processed to match the film size mcall of semiconductor laser 22gitLed . and formats (1,2,4,6,9,12,15,16, 20, 24), and these processed data converted into laser out put. Three different image-processing
l
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methods are available; selection is made via the imaging pad. This system is controlled by a micro-processor, and all parameters can be set using the imaging pad. Furthermore, necessary information such as format, system status, and error indicators are all shown on an LCD readout. In addition, 15 types of LUT (characteristic of film density levels) settings are available; selection is also made using the imaging pad. The intended use of the EL-DRY 4000 is to produce radiological quality film copies of digital or video medical images.
#### 7. Software
Elk Corporation certifies that the EL-DRY 4000 software is designed, developed, tested and validated according to written procedures. These procedures identify individuals within the organization responsible for developing and approving product specifications, coding and testing, validation testing and field maintenance.
#### 8. Hazard Analysis
Hazard analysis on this product has been performed throughout the definition, design, coding and testing phases of product development and implementation. This process has emphasized:
- . Identification of potential hazards, their causes, and their effects;
- . Development of methodologies to control the occurrence of hazards and to constrain their effects; and
- . Determine any effect on patient safety and system effectiveness.
The potential hazards associated with this software product are no different than those of other PACS components . These are primarily related to failure of computer system components, and may be variously obviated by decisions taken by the customers of this product. None of these failures are expected to materially contribute to patient death or injury.
It is our conclusion that there is no hardware or software component, operating in a properly configured environment, whose failure or latent design defect would be expected to result in death or injury of a patient. Thus the "Level of Concern" is "Minor".
#### 9. Safety Concerns
Standards Applied for:
| USA | UL 2601 -1 |
|--------|------------------|
| Canada | CSA-C22.2 #601-1 |
| E.U. | IEC 60101+A1+A2 |
| | IEC 60825 |
| | IEC 60601-2 |
| | MDD ANNEX I |
{2}------------------------------------------------
## 10. Substantial Equivalence
The following product provides functions, which are substantially equivalent to this product.
| Specifications | Elk, EL-DRY 4000 | Kodak, DryView 8100 |
|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| Exposure Method | Infra-Red Laser Diode | Infra-Red Laser Diode |
| Film Type | Kodak DryView Film | Kodak DryView Film |
| Film Size | 14"x17",14"x14" | 14"x17" |
| Pixel Size | 80x80 micron | 80x80 micron |
| Max. Number of Pixel | 4,444x5398 <14"x17"> | 4,361x5217 <14"x17"> |
| Formats | 1,2,4,6,9,12,15,16,20,24 | 1,2,4,69,12,15,16,20 |
| Interface | Video, Digital, DICOM<br><w/interface> | Video, Digital, DICOM<br><w/interface> |
| Number of Inputs | Up to two | 1<Up to 3 with combination of<br>9410> |
| Output Grayscale | 4,096 steps <12 bits> | 4,096 steps <12 bits> |
| Image Memory | 64 MB <standard> SIMM | 2GB Hard Desk |
| Contrast Table | 15 Tables | 15 Tables |
| Interpolation | Replication, Bilinear,<br>High-resolution Cubic Spline | Sharp, Smooth |
| Calibration | Automatic Calibration<br>by mean of Imaging Pad | Automatic Image Quality Control |
| Magazine | 125 sheets <Darkroom loading> | 125 sheets <Day-light loading> |
| Through put | 60 sheets / hour | 55 sheets / hour |
| Power Source | 100-120/200-240VAC, 50/60Hz<br>10/5A | 100VAC, 50/60 Hz, 12A |
| Dimensions<br><WxDxH> | 522x650x390mm | 635x660x1168mm |
| Weight | 70kg | 188kg |
3
:
:
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image shows the seal of the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) of the United States of America. The seal features the department's name encircling an emblem. The emblem includes a stylized caduceus, a symbol often associated with medicine and healthcare, representing the department's focus on health-related matters.
#### Public Health Service
# AUG 2 9 2001
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
Elk Corporation % Mr. Gary J. Allsebrook Regulatory Affairs Consultant Regulatory Management Services 16303 Panoramic Way SAN LEANDRO CA 94578-1116 Re: K011949 Elk Laser Imager, Model EL-DRY 4000 Medical Image Hard Copy Device Dated: June 19, 2001 Received: June 21, 2001 Regulatory Class: II 21 CFR 892.2040/Procode: 90 LMC
#### Dear Mr. Allsebrook:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) notification of intent to market the device referenced above and we have determined the device is we nave reviews for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in intenstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device that have been reclassified in commove prot to the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, subject to ate general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such 11 your de ro to to regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalion assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirements, 800 to 07: 1 Satonalitant's System Regulation (OS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic as so rollar in the Quand Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may Q nisponons, all 1 oda alla 2rdg Prail. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please result it response to your premarket notification does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through note: and response to your promate Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at one of the following numbers, based on the regulation number at the top of this letter:
| 8xx.1xxx | (301) 594-4591 |
|----------------------------------|----------------|
| 876.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 884.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx | (301) 594-4616 |
| 892.2xxx, 3xxx, 4,xxx, 5xxx | (301) 594-4654 |
| Other | (301) 594-4692 |
Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.
Sincerely yours,
Nancy C brogdon
Nancy C. Brogdon Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
{4}------------------------------------------------
510(k) Number (if known):
Elk Corporation, Laser Imager, Model EL-DRY 4000 Device Name:
Indications For Use:
The EL-DRY 4000 digitizes image data output from medical imaging apparatus in the form of video or digital signals, then records this printing data onto the Kodak DryView laser film by mean of semiconductor laser. The intended use of the EL-DRY 4000 is to produce radiological quality film copies of digital or video medical images.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Prescription Use
(Per 21 CFR 901.109)
OR
Over-the-Counter Use
Mamie C. Brooks
(Optional Format 1-2-96)
| (Division Sign-Off) | |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------|
| Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, and Radiological Devices | |
| 510(k) Number | K011949 |
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Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.