Post-market clinical experience in hospitals; Clinical use data from 40+ clinical centers
The sponsor uses 4 years of post-market clinical experience from 40+ centers in Australia, Europe, India, and other regions to support the safety and effectiveness of the EPS320 device and to justify substantial equivalence to the predicate device.
Post-market clinical experience; Retrospective observational / Post-market surveillance; Follow-up/Duration: Up to 4 years; Study Period: 1995-2001
Patients undergoing electrophysiological diagnostic procedures; Number of Sites: 40+ clinical centers
Not applicable for this study
Safety and absence of significant adverse effects
Indications for Use
The EPS320 Stimulator System is an electrical stimulus generator for diagnostic cardiac stimulation during electrophysiological testing of the human heart.
Device Story
The Micropace EPS320 is an external programmable cardiac stimulator used in hospital electrophysiology labs by cardiologists. It consists of a Stimulus Generator Unit (SGU) and a standard PC connected via serial data link. The PC runs custom software providing a graphical user interface for real-time control of stimulation parameters. The SGU delivers constant current pulses to transvenous intracardiac electrodes via two isolated channels. It supports various pacing protocols (e.g., burst, overdrive, multi-Sx) for arrhythmia induction and conduction studies. The device features manual backup modes and an emergency fixed-pace circuit for patient safety during power or PC failure. Output includes pacing stimuli and markers for third-party recording equipment. By enabling controlled cardiac stimulation, the device assists clinicians in diagnosing tachyarrhythmias and assessing heart conduction properties, facilitating clinical decision-making regarding patient treatment.
Clinical Evidence
No clinical data. Substantial equivalence is based on bench testing, comparison of performance specifications, and four years of post-market surveillance of the earlier EPS220 model and the EPS320 in over 40 clinical centers.
Technological Characteristics
System comprises a Stimulus Generator Unit (SGU) and a standard PC. SGU features two isolated constant current channels (0.1-25mA, 0.5-10ms pulse width). Power: 220-240VAC or 110-120VAC via isolation transformer; internal backup battery for manual mode. Connectivity: Serial data link between PC and SGU. Software: Custom PC-based GUI on DOS platform. Safety: Open circuit warning, stimulation impedance display, manual backup pacing, and emergency fixed-pace circuit.
Indications for Use
Indicated for diagnostic electrical stimulation of the human heart during electrophysiological testing to initiate and terminate tachyarrhythmias and measure refractory and conduction properties.
{0}------------------------------------------------
Version 5.5
## 5. 510(k) Summary
K011826
#### 5.1 21 CFR 807.92(a)(1) - Submitter details
Submitter's name: Address:
> Phone number: Fax number:
Contact person:
Date the summary was prepared:
JAN 2 4 2002
Dr. Michael Cejnar 571 Canterbury Road, Campsie, NSW. 2194 Australia. 61+ 2 9787 6166
61+ 2 9787 6144
Dr. Michael Cejnar
25th May 2001
#### 5.2 21 CFR 807.92(a)(2) - Device name
Trade name: Common name: Classification name:
Micropace model EPS320 Clinical Stimulator Programmable Cardiac Electrophysiological Stimulator External programmable pacemaker pulse generator (Per 21 CFR section 870.1750)
# 5.3 21 CFR 807.92 (a)(3) - Identification of Substantially Equivalent device
#### Predicate Company name
Predicate Device name
Digital Cardiovascular Instruments Inc. Berkeley CA
DCI Model EP-2 Clinical Stimulator
{1}------------------------------------------------
## 5.4 21 CFR 807.92 (a)(4) - Description of the Micropace model EPS320
The Micropace EPS320 Cardiac Stimulator (Clinical Stimulator) is an external programmable computerised diagnostic cardiac stimulator. It is used in specialised hospital electrophysiological diagnostic laboratories by specialist cardiologists to electrically stimulate the heart to initiate and terminate tachyarrhythmias and allow measurement of refractory and conduction properties of the heart by third party equipment.
The EPS320 system consists of a Stimulus Generator Unit (SGU) comprising of a manufactured metal instrument case 12.25"(W) x 13.25"(D) x 3.5"(H) and a standard IBM clone type Personal Computer (PC), the two interconnected by a serial data connection. The device has two independent fully programmable and isolated constant current pulse generator channels intended for temporary programmacro and locativa third party transvenous intracardiac electrodes. The pacing stimulus is output via a Stimulus Connection Box and may typically be routed to the intravenous pacing electrodes via third party electronic switching equipment.
During normal operation of the EPS320, custom software on the PC provides keyboard input device and a graphical user interface which the operator uses to control the stimulation process in real time. The custom PC software interprets the user instructions and sends specific real-time commands to the I he ousehi I O software and and to control its function and generate appropriate pacing stimulus pulses. The two isolated outputs can deliver stimulus pulse widths from 0.5ms to 10ms, adjustable in 0.5 to 1ms steps with current amplitudes adjustable from 0.1mA to 25mA in steps of 0.1mA. Current delivery is limited within the specified range by a maximum available output voltage of 26V.
The EPS320 is not a life support device and may be used only in the presence of a backup cardiac THE LE SES IS .In case of failure of mains power supply, malfunction of the PC or its software, or loss of the data link, the SGU can operate independently of the PC in the Manual Backup mode, powered by an internal backup battery. This operational mode can provides regular pacing stimuli at intervals and pulse current amplitudes programmable from and displayed on the SGU's front panel. It may be used to briefly support a bradycardic patient until temporary external pacing is established using an approved temporary pacemaker. A secondary electrically self-contained Emergency Fixed Pace approved willing the front of the SGU may be used for the same purpose in case of loss of normal SGU function.
The EPS320 is an expert-designed product, based upon the electrophysiological expertise of the cardiologist Managing Director and on extensive post market experience with an earlier EPS220 model in service in eight (8) Australian hospitals since 1995. The current and earlier EPS320 models have been in clinical use in more than 40 clinical centres predominantly in Australia, Europe and India, as well as in Turkey, Vietnam and China for up to 4 years without significant adverse effects.
## 5.5 21 CFR 807.92 (a)(5) - Statement of the Intended Use
#### INTENDED USE:
The EP320 stimulator is intended to be used for diagnostic electrical stimulation of the heart for the purpose of I it is 220 alimitation of tachyarrhythmias, refractory measurements and measurements of electrical conduction.
{2}------------------------------------------------
# 5.6 21 CFR 807.92 (a)(6) - Summary of Technological differences
This section compares the specifications and other relevant performance characteristics of the EPS320 and the predicate device, EP-2. It tabulates the compared items side by side and then specifies the rationale for claims of substantial equivalence.
## 5.6.1 Definition of terms used in the following tables
| TERM | DEFINITION | TERM | DEFINITION |
|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| ISI<br>ERP | Interstimulus Interval<br>Effective Refractory<br>Period | SNRT<br>ATP | Sinus Node Recovery Time<br>Anti Tachycardia Pacing |
| PC<br>ECG<br>IECG | Personal Computer<br>Electrocardiograph<br>Intracardiac ECG | SGU<br>IEC<br>AICD | Stimulus Generator Unit<br>International Electrotechnical Commission<br>Automatic Implantable Cardioverter<br>Defibrillator |
#### 5.6.2 Technological differences between devices.
A comparison of published performance specifications in the "Specifications" sections of the EPS320 and in the equivalent section of the predicate device, EP-2 documentation is shown in Table 5-1 below.
| Comparative<br>element | DCI Model EP - 2<br>(Predicate Device) | Micropace model EPS320 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| A. Manufacturer | Digital Cardiovascular<br>Instruments, Inc. Berkeley, CA | Micropace Pty Ltd. Campsie, N.S.W<br>Australia |
| B. FDA Concurrence | Yes (K854196/B) | Pending |
| 1. Isolated Stimulus<br>Channels | 2 | 2 |
| 2. Pulse Amplitude –<br>Range | 0.1-20 mA ( $2500 \Omega$ load) | 0.1 to 25mA into $800 \Omega$ load |
| Increment | | 0.1 mA up to 1mA Amplitude |
| Accuracy | 5% or 0.2 mA (whichever is<br>larger) | $\pm$ 2% or $\pm$ 0.2 mA, (whichever is greater) |
| 3. Pulse duration<br>Range | 0.5-10 msec (maximum 10% of<br>ISI) | 0.5 to 10 msec |
| Increment | 0.1 msec | 0.5 – 10msec, increments of 1 – 10 msec |
| Accuracy | 0.05 msec (Pulse amplitude > 2<br>mA) | $\pm$ 0.15ms |
| 4. Interstimulus<br>Interval (ISI)<br>Range | 100-10000 $\pm$ 1 msec | 180 msec to 9990 msec $\pm$ 1msec or 0.1%<br>(whichever is greater) |
| Comparative<br>element | DCI Model EP - 2<br>(Predicate Device) | Micropace model EPS320 |
| Range (Burst) | 10-1000 ± 1 msec | 30 - 9900 msec ± 1msec or 0.1% (whichever<br>is greater) |
| Increment | 1 msec | 1 msec |
| 5. Sequential (AV)<br>Delay | | |
| Range | 10-1000 ± 1 msec (maximum ISI<br>- 50 msec) | Min: 25 - 980msec (maximum ISI – 120<br>msec) |
| Increment | 1 msec | 1 msec |
| 6. Reprogrammed | Threshold | Threshold, |
| Protocols | Refractory study | Nodal ERP / RSync_S2 |
| | Wenckebach block | Wenckebach |
| | SA Node recovery | SNRT |
| | Pace | Pace |
| | Burst | Burst Pace |
| | Overdrive | Overdrive Burst / Load ATP |
| | Underdrive | - |
| | Arrhythmia Induction | Multi-Sx |
| | Refractory Threshold | - |
| 7. Programmable | 5 | 5 programmable stimulator complete set-ups |
| Protocol keys | | |
| 8. Number of | 6 (s2-s7) | Max: 6 (s2-s7) |
| Extrastimuli | | |
| 9. Sensing (ECG | | |
| synchronisation) | | |
| Automatic or manual | 1-500 mV | External: 50 - 2000mV |
| trigger setting - | | Internal: Pacing catheter tip |
| Sensitivity | | |
| Automatic or manual | 10-1000 msec (100 Hz max) | 50 - 5000msec |
| trigger setting - | | |
| Trigger lockout | | |
| (refractory time) | | |
| Automatic or manual | 100-5000 msec | 50-5000msec |
| trigger setting - | | |
| ECG delay | | |
| 10. Additional | Stimulus Channel A Marker | Sync 3 Input Marker |
| Outputs: | Stimulus Channel B Marker | Sync 3 Input Marker |
| | Programmable Auxiliary/Paper<br>advance | Sync 1 Input Marker |
| | ECG trigger marker | Sync 2 Input Marker<br>N/A |
| 11. Power Source | Internal rechargeable 6V battery | Main power source: 2201-240VAC or 110-<br>120VAC to 14.5 VDC, 750mA Low Voltage<br>Power Supply Transformer |
| | | Backup power: 1. 12V 2.1Ah lead acid<br>battery |
| | | Backup power: 2. 9V PP3 Lithium battery |
| Battery operating time: | 17 hours (typical) | Indefinite (Mains operated) |
| 12. Stimulation | | |
| Module | | |
| Physical Dimensions | 3.0 x 12.0 x 14.0 | 3.3 x 12.25 x 13.25 |
| (inches) | | |
| Comparative<br>element | DCI Model EP - 2<br>(Predicate Device) | Micropace model EPS320 |
| Weight (lbs) | 11.2 | 18. 7 |
| 13. Control Terminal | | |
| Listings | UL | UL & CE |
| Type | 14 in diagonal green phosphor<br>CRT | PC with LCD display |
| Display dimensions<br>(inches) | 13.5 x 14 x 15 | 12 wide x 9 high x 3 deep (flat Screen) |
| Footprint dimensions<br>(inches) | 12.25 x 10.25 | 10.6wide x 7.5deep x 15high (including<br>LCD panel) |
| Keyboard dimensions<br>(inches) | 2.25 x 17.25 x 7.6<br>Modified QWERTY keyboard | 1.6 high x 19.0 wide x 8.4 deep<br>Modified QWERTY keyboard |
| Weight (lbs) | 31.5 | Approx. 12.0 lb. |
| 14. Isolation<br>Transformer | | |
| Leakage current | Less than 100 μA | Less than 100 μA |
| Power rating | 500 VA | 400VA |
| Physical dimensions<br>(inches) | 8.12 x 9.00 x 6.75 | 7.75 x 5 x 4 |
| Weight (lbs) | 22 | 15.4 |
| 15. Charger | | |
| Listings | UL544 3-prong wall plug-in,<br>automatic cut-off | Internal SGU 'on-board' circuitry |
| Charge/Discharge time<br>ration | Less than 1 | Less than 1 |
| Charge time from low<br>battery indication to<br>full charge | < 16 hours | <16 hours |
| Dimensions (inches) | 2.55 x 2.89 x 1.88 | N/A |
| 16. Environment | | |
| Operating Temperature | +10 to +40 degrees Celsius | +10 to +40 degrees Celsius |
| Storage Temperature | -20 to +60 degrees Celsius | -20 to +60 degrees Celsius |
| Relative Humidity | 25% to 90% non-condensing | 25% to 90% non-condensing |
| Operating Altitude | 0 to 4572 m | 0 to 4572 m |
| Storage Altitude | 0 to 7620 m | 0 to 7620 m |
{3}------------------------------------------------
#### 510(k) Pre-market Submission Micropace Pty Ltd.
Version 5.5
<sup>1</sup> Input electrical mains voltage will be dependant on geographical location/available mains voltage
:
:
j
,
{4}------------------------------------------------
#### 510(k) Pre-market Submission Micropace Pty Ltd.
Version 5.5
## Table 5-1 Substantial Equivalence Comparison -1
Table 5-2 below lists technological differences in performance characteristics between the EPS320 and the predicate EP-2 device not included in the "Specifications" section of either device.
| Comparative item | DCI Model EP - 2<br>(Predicate Device) | Micropace model EPS320 |
|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1. Hardware<br>computer platform | "Control Terminal" custom<br>computer /<br>custom "Stimulus Module" | Standard "PC" Personal Computer /<br>custom "Stimulus Generator Unit " |
| 2. User interface | | |
| Output | Text Windowed Display | Graphical Windowed Display |
| 3. ECG Sensing | | |
| Catheter-Tip IECG<br>sensing | No | Yes |
| Balanced Charge<br>Pacing | No | Yes |
.
{5}------------------------------------------------
Version 5.5
| 4. Device feedback to<br>user | | |
|------------------------------------------------|---------|-----------------|
| Open Pacing Circuit<br>Warning | No | Yes |
| Stimulation impedance<br>display | No | Yes |
| Graphical display of<br>ECG Trigger | No | Yes |
| 5. Backup Pacing<br>Circuits | No | Yes (2) |
| 6. Stimulation<br>Protocol<br>Implementation | | |
| A-V Joined Pacing<br>Stimulation | Limited | Yes |
| Load_ATP - AICD-<br>Style Overdrive Pacing | No | Yes |
| ECG trigger time out | No | Yes |
| On the fly<br>programming of all<br>parameters | Limited | Yes |
| Shortcut Keys | Yes | Yes (different) |
Table 5-2 Substantial Equivalence Comparison -2
## 5.6.3 Rationale for claims of equivalence of devices
The EPS320 and the predicate device are equivalent in their published specifications (see Table 5-1) for the following reasons:
| Table 5.1<br>Section | Reduced<br>safety or<br>effectivene<br>ss issues? | Is the EPS320 as safe and effective as the EP-2?<br>(Rationale) |
|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 Isolated<br>Stimulus<br>Channels | No | Same number of Channels as the EP-2. |
| 2 Pulse<br>Amplitude | No | EPS320 output current is sufficient for therapeutic purposes and substantially<br>the same as the EP-2. |
| 3 Pulse<br>duration | No | Pulse Duration is within the profession's accepted requirements as attested by<br>4 years of post-market surveillance of the EPS320. |
| 4<br>Interstimulus<br>Interval (ISI) | No | Substantially the same as the EP-2. |
| 5 Sequential<br>(AV) Delay | No | A-V delay is substantially the same as the EP-2. EPS320 is limited to ISI less<br>120 msec which is considered an enhanced safety feature whilst retaining<br>equivalent operational effectiveness. |
| 6<br>Reprogramm<br>ed Protocols | No | EPS320 contains an equivalent protocol to all but 1 protocol in the EP-2,<br>providing substantially equivalent functionality. One protocol, the Refractory<br>Threshold protocol present in the EP-2 is no longer in common clinical use in<br>the experience of the expert designer and was not included in the EPS320. |
| Table 5.1<br>Section | Reduced<br>safety or<br>effectivene<br>ss issues? | Is the EPS320 as safe and effective as the EP-2?<br>(Rationale) |
| 7<br>Programmab<br>le Protocol<br>keys | No | EPS320 implements programmability by storing and recalling complete<br>stimulator set ups rather than individual dual protocols. The two approaches<br>are basically functionally similar. |
| 8 Number of<br>Extrastimuli | No | The number of selectable extra stimuli is the same as the EP-2, dependant on<br>the protocol selected. |
| 9 Sensing<br>(ECG<br>synchronisati<br>on | No | External ECG input range (mV) for the EPS320 is appropriate for common<br>external ECG sources found in contemporary laboratories. |
| | | Presence of pacing catheter tip sensing in EPS320 is considered an enhanced<br>safety feature in providing an additional source of ECG trigger. |
| | | Longer minimum lockout in EPS320 (50 vs. 10msec) is an enhanced safety<br>feature reducing susceptibility to noise, without significant loss of<br>functionality. Lockout period and ECG delay are substantially equivalent to<br>the EP-2 |
| 10 Additional<br>Outputs: | No | Sync 3 output on the EPS320 provides essentially the same function as<br>Stimulus Ch 'A' and Stimulus Ch 'B' outputs of the EPS320 |
| | | There is no requirement for an auxiliary (printer) output on the EPS320 as it is<br>connected to recording external systems. |
| 11 Power<br>Source | No | All components of the EPS320 system are powered from electrical mains<br>power via an isolation transformer. The SGU is powered from this isolated<br>mains by a 14.5V DC Power Supply Unit containing a transformer. The<br>EPS320 system, including these accessories (isolation transformer and DC<br>Power Supply Unit, have been subjected to appropriate electrical and safety<br>tests (See appendix A1 and A2). |
| | | Mains source of power was considered safer than a battery as it removes the<br>possibility of lack of device availability due to depleted batteries. |
| | | Batteries contained in the EPS320 are used solely under fault conditions. |
| 12<br>Stimulation<br>Module | No | Physical attributes of the EPS320 are substantially the same as the EP-2, whilst<br>maintaining operational functionality in similar environment |
| 13 Control<br>Terminal | Yes | The Computer used with the EPS320 can have software files added by the<br>operator creating potential for corruption of operating environment. To control<br>this possibility, the EPS320 software checks for integrity of operating<br>environment during startup. Other parameters are essentially equivalent as the<br>EP-2 terminal. |
| 14 Isolation<br>Transformer | No | The Isolation transformer is essentially equivalent to that described in the EP-2<br>documentation. |
| 15 Charger | No | The EPS320 does not require a separate battery charger. Batteries are not<br>required for normal operation. |
| 16<br>Environment | No | Environmental conditions are essentially equivalent as the EP-2. |
| Table 5.2<br>Section | Reduced<br>safety or<br>effectiveness issues? | Is the EPS320 as safe and effective as the EP-2?<br>(Rationale) |
| 1. Hardware<br>platform | Yes | Both devices have similar architectures, in that a microprocessor is used to<br>control output pulse generation circuitry, and a physically separate computing<br>device is used to provide user interface via a video display unit and a<br>keyboard.<br><br>The two devices differ predominantly in using different implementations to<br>achieve similar functional requirements.<br><br>The EP-2 used propriety microprocessor software whereas the EPS320 uses an<br>'open PC architecture' - a standard PC loaded with custom software. There<br>will also be differences in software architectures and interface designs and<br>implementations.<br><br>The EPS320 system removes the danger of corruption of software environment<br>from unauthorised addition of third party software or incorrect operating<br>systems by verification of software environment and resource integrity prior to<br>startup. The custom software is implemented on a stable DOS platform and its<br>design is based on extensive risk analysis and subject to appropriate design<br>control, verification and validation.<br><br>The absolute safety and efficacy of the EPS320 hardware platform has been<br>demonstrated in clinical practice and is thus at least equivalent to that of the<br>predicate EP-2 device. |
| 2. User<br>interface | No | The user interface displays and input keyboards of the two devices are<br>substantially functionally equivalent technologies.<br><br>Software performance of the EPS320 is designed for user flexibility and<br>ergonomy and while these performance features probably represent the main<br>functional difference between the EPS320 and the predicate device they have<br>limited impact on device safety. |
| 3. ECG<br>Sensing | No | Catheter-Tip IECG sensing: The predicate EP-2 can trigger only on an<br>external ECG source, which is usually derived from third party equipment<br>which amplifies the patient's intracardiac ECG (IECG) or surface ECG.<br><br>The EPS320 contains an ECG amplifier connected to the pacing channel and<br>can thus trigger on this IECG source or on an external ECG source.<br><br>Balanced Charge Pacing: This feature refers to a configuration of IECG<br>amplifier sensing between stimulation pulses to minimise electrical charge<br>build up on the pacing electrodes. It has no impact on the stimulation pulse<br>shape, amplitude or efficacy and thus has no performance or safety impact. |
| 4. Device<br>feedback to<br>user | No | Open Pacing Circuit Warning: This feature indicates to the user when<br>programmed stimulation current fails to be delivered to the patient.<br><br>Stimulation impedance display: This feature displays to the user approximate<br>stimulus-to-stimulus impedance of the stimulation circuit.<br><br>Graphical display of ECG Trigger: This feature conveys to the user the<br>quality of the ECG source used for Triggering.<br><br>These features are safety enhancements over the predicate device EP-2. |
| 5. Backup<br>Pacing<br>Circuits | No | The EPS320 has a Manual Backup operation mode which operates in the<br>absence of a correctly functioning computer and allows user to perform simple<br>stimulation tasks.<br><br>The EPS320 also contains a separate, self-powered Emergency Fixed Pace<br>circuit, capable of delivering pacing stimuli in the case of loss of function of<br>the Stimulus Generator Unit.<br><br>These functions are safety enhancements over the predicate device EP-2. |
| 6. Stimulation<br>Protocol<br>Options | No | Both devices provide predominantly equivalent stimulation protocols with<br>differences confined to issues hotkey and menu layout, ergonomy and user<br>convenience. Below are representative examples.<br><br>A-V Joined Pacing Stimulation: This stimulation allows simultaneous<br>stimulation of both output channels for only some pacing stimuli in a pacing<br>protocol and not others.<br><br>Load_ATP - AICD-Style Overdrive Pacing: This additional protocol in the<br>EPS320 is an automated combination of the Burst and Overdrive protocols in<br>the predicate device.<br><br>ECG trigger time out: In case of failure of arrival of a Trigger event, pacing<br>will commence in any case after this period of time.<br><br>On the fly programming of all parameters: All pacing parameters can be<br>altered by hotkeys without stopping stimulation.<br><br>Shortcut Keys: Various shortcut keys, different to the predicate device, are<br>implemented to enhance efficiency of use. |
{6}------------------------------------------------
Table 5-3 Rationale of the data in Table 5-1
{7}------------------------------------------------
The EPS320 and the predicate device are equivalent in performance characteristics other than specifications (see Table 5-2) for the following reasons:
{8}------------------------------------------------
Version 5.5
Table 5-4 Rationale of the data in Table 5-2
#### 5.6.4 Conclusion
The discussion above demonstrates that the EPS320 and the predicate device EP-2 posses similar architectural and functional characteristics, although differences exist in the specific technological implementation of some of the functional requirements. The EPS320, has demonstrably greater number of safety characteristics than the EP-2.
## 5.7 21 CFR 807.92 (b)(2) - Clinical comparison to the predicate device
Not Applicable
{9}------------------------------------------------
#### 5.8 21 CFR 807.92 (b)(3) - Clinical & non-clinical test conclusions
Having analysed the characteristics that differ and those which are similar between the Model EP-2 and Model EPS320, we have concluded that, in our opinion:
- The intended use of the EPS320 and EP-2 are the same. .
- Safety of the EPS320 is as effective if not more effective than the predicate device. .
- Differences between the systems are limited to the technological implementation of . equivalent functions, layout design and ergonomy of the user interface
- The EPS320 is substantially equivalent to the EP-2 . .
## 5.9 21 CFR 807.92 (c) - 510(k) Summary
Presentation of the 510[k] summary is considered compliant with the requirements of this section.
{10}------------------------------------------------
Image /page/10/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular border with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES • USA" arranged around the circumference. Inside the circle is an abstract symbol that resembles a stylized caduceus or a representation of human profiles, with three wavy lines forming the central design.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
JAN 2 4 2002
Mr. Michael Cejnar Micropace Pty. Ltd. 571 Canterbury Road Campsie, NSW 2194 Australia
Re: K011826 EPS320 Cardiac Stimulator Regulation Number: 870.1750 Regulation Name: External Programmable Pacemaker Pulse Generator Regulatory Class: Class II (two) Product Code: JOQ Dated: October 23, 2001 Received: October 26, 2001
Dear Mr. Cejnar:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. In addition, if you wish to change or expand the current indications for use to include non-military environments, you will need to submit a new 510(k) premarket notification, and receive FDA clearance prior to marketing the device.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
{11}------------------------------------------------
#### Page 2 - Mr. Michael Cejnar
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 21 CFR Part 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4646. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html
Sincerely yours,
Dela Teh
Bram D. Zuckerman, M.D. Acting Director Division of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
{12}------------------------------------------------
# 4. Statement of Indications for Use
Indications for Use Statement
Ver/ 3 - 4/24/96
Applicant: Micropace Pty Ltd.
510(k) Number (if known):
Device Name: EPS320
Indications For Use:
The EPS320 Stimulator System is an electrical stimulus generator for diagnostic cardiac stimulation during electrophysiological testing of the human heart.
# (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
oncurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
(Per 21 CFR 801.109)
1-2-96)
Division of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Devices
Division of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Devices
510(k) Number K611826
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Two short videos show you everything — or skip straight to the written tutorial if you'd rather read. You can reopen this any time from the Tutorial button in the top bar.
Part 1 — Search, results, and everyday workflows 16 min
Part 2 — Embeddings: the galaxy map 3 min
1. Search: exact and fuzzy
Type a phrase like "coronary artery calcification" into the search box. You get two kinds of results. Exact results match the literal phrase — prefix searches work ("coronary artery calcificati") but suffix searches do not. Fuzzy results match on the meaning and intent of your phrase rather than the exact words, and are sorted by relevance score. Hover over the Exact or Fuzzy badge on any row to see exactly why it matched.
Use the checkboxes above the results to narrow: SaMD keeps only software-only devices, AI / ML keeps only devices with AI.
Exact vs. fuzzy search: what's the difference?
Exact matches on the literal phrase (prefix search works, suffix does not). Fuzzy matches on the meaning and intent of the phrase rather than the exact words. Hover over the badge on any row to see why it matched.
You search "coronary artery calcification" and want only software devices with AI. What two filters do you apply?
Narrow by SaMD (software-only devices), then narrow by AI/ML (devices with AI).
2. The results table
Scroll right in the results table. The intended use is extracted for you — no need to open the PDF. The device story gives a high-level snapshot of what the device does and how it's used. The AI Performance sub-table shows each output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, and development/test dataset descriptions — the same format Innolitics uses for regulatory strategy outputs, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. It is AI-generated but has been very reliable in practice.
Where do you find a device's intended use without opening the PDF?
Scroll right in the search results table. The intended use column is extracted for you; no need to dig into the 510(k) summary PDF.
What does the AI Performance sub-table show, and why is it useful?
Output name, acceptance criteria, observed values, development dataset description, and test dataset description. It's the same format we use for regulatory strategy output and Fast 510(k) input, and the fastest high-level fingerprint of an AI device. AI-generated but reliable in practice.
3. Judging fuzzy relevance
Fuzzy results trail off in relevance as you scroll. Use three signals to decide how far down to go: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether your target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, you're past the relevant zone. A top hit with a low score (~0.4) and a stretched explanation is a hint the closest predicates are far away — the project may be headed for De Novo. Note the fuzzy search is a pattern match: it doesn't handle negation ("not") well, and hardware devices can appear — filter by SaMD/AI ML to cut them.
How do you judge how far down fuzzy search results to go?
Use the relevancy signals: the fuzzy badge explanations, the intended use column, and whether the target output (e.g., Cobb angle) still appears in the AI Performance sub-table. Once it stops appearing, results are trailing off in relevancy.
4. Device detail page: chat and citations
Click a device name to open its detail page: device facts on the left, a chat window on the right. Ask something like "Describe the training data". The answer carries little citation bubbles — click one to jump to the highlighted passage in the source PDF, so you can verify every AI answer against the document. There's also a Download PDF button for sharing.
How do you verify an AI chat answer on the device detail page?
Click the citation bubbles to jump to the relevant highlight in the source document.
Reading rule for every project: how many summaries do you read in full?
At least the three most relevant 510(k) or De Novo summaries, in full. After that, use targeted chat questions to confirm your memory quickly. The tool supports this professional habit — it doesn't replace it.
5. Side-by-side comparison
Select multiple rows in the results table (aim for under ~10), then open the PDF Viewer tab. Ask one question — it goes to all selected devices in parallel, each with citations. This is the fastest way to compare and contrast devices: training data, PCCP scope, how they handled adding new scanners, and so on.
What does the side-by-side PDF viewer mode do?
Select multiple devices, open the PDF viewer tab, and ask one question (e.g., "Describe the training data"). It queries all selected devices simultaneously with citations, so you can compare and contrast quickly.
6. Collections
With rows selected, go to the Collections tab and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). Reload that selection any time — before a client call, pull up the collection and ask questions across all of its devices at once.
How do you save a set of selected devices for later use?
Select the rows, go to the Collections tab, and create a labeled collection (e.g., "Cobb Angle Project"). You can reload the selection anytime and carry it into the PDF viewer and other tabs that support selections.
7. Product codes and the regulations tree
Click a product code in the results to jump to it in the regulations tree — identification text, sibling product codes, and devices you can open in a PDF viewer on the right. Click a regulation number to see its identification, special controls, and related product codes. You can also search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree. Always read the special controls if any exist for your device — it broadens your search and sharpens pre-kickoff research.
What can you do from the regulations tree view?
Browse product codes and regulation numbers, read the identification text and special controls, browse sibling product codes, open device PDFs on the right, and search by product code or regulation number at the top of the tree.
8. Chart view
Click Show Chart and segment by regulation number (or product code) to see which regulations dominate your result set. Clicking a regulation takes you into the regulations tree. Great for spotting that most matches are, say, hardware laparoscopic devices — a cue to go back and filter.
How do you see which regulations dominate a search result set?
Click "Show Chart" and segment by Regulation Number. Clicking a regulation takes you to the regulations tree.
9. The predicate graph
Open the Predicates tab for a family-tree view of predicate relationships. Click a node to trace its parents and children; selections from search carry over pre-selected. Commonly predicated devices are worth reading — a lot of people predicated them for a reason. The visual lineage is also handy on client calls, e.g. to show how a predicate family evolved and justify why your predicate still holds.
In the predicate graph, why are commonly predicated devices worth reading?
A lot of people predicated them for a reason. Clicking a node traces parents and children, and selections from search carry over pre-selected.
10. Embeddings: the galaxy map
The Embeddings tab plots every matching document in a 2-D "galaxy map" where semantically similar devices cluster together. Hover or click clusters to explore, and let AI label the clusters for you. Embeddings beat product codes for grouping: two devices can carry different product codes (LLZ vs. QIH) yet do the same thing — the embedding captures the meaning of the intended use and device story. This is also exactly how retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) works under the hood, and it makes a great visual on client calls.
Try it yourself
Head to the search page and work through a few of these AI/ML fuzzy searches to build intuition: perivascular fat on CT · aortic valve calcification opportunistic screening on noncontrast CT · breast cancer prediction on digital pathology slides · autism detection · gestational age prediction · a hearing aid that can also detect a pulse · foundation model based analysis of ECG · large language models · penetration test. Watch how the relevance scores, intended use, and AI Performance tables tell you when results stop being meaningful.